This document discusses using combinatorial and statistical experimental design methods to efficiently search large parameter spaces in developing new radiation detection materials. It outlines how full and fractional factorial designs can be used to probe combinations of factors like host composition, dopants, and synthesis conditions with fewer experiments than a full combinatorial search. An example of applying a fractional factorial design to investigate different compositions of Cs2ALa1-yCeyX6 is provided. The document emphasizes that systematic exploration tools are needed to develop new materials given the vast parameter spaces involved when considering complex material hosts, co-doping, and other variables.
The document is a call log for a morning shift on February 19th, 2014 containing calls made to various businesses in Lac La Biche, Alberta. Over 50 calls are logged with notes on whether contact was made, messages taken, and potential appointments scheduled for things like seeing work and pricing for signs, paper products, and vehicle work. Several appointments are scheduled for that afternoon between 3-5pm to meet with representatives from businesses like The Stitchin' Man, Krens Business Lounge, Century 21 Lakeland Real Estate, and Badry Fyith's Carpet Cleaning Services.
Slideshare is a platform for sharing presentations and other documents. It allows users to upload and share their files publicly or privately and view files uploaded by others. Visual content is more likely to be viewed and shared widely on Slideshare compared to plain text.
This document proposes updates to a Target mobile app to make it more useful and user-friendly. It identifies problems with the current app like too many login accounts and complexity. The proposed updates include logging in with Facebook, making the app simpler, utilizing location services to tailor content, and adding periodic questions to collect customer preferences for marketing purposes. Features like managing grocery lists, checking items off while shopping, and paying with Target's REDcard directly in the app are suggested. Advertising the updated app is also discussed to promote Target brands and services.
This document is a marketing research report prepared for Customized Training at Heartland Community College. It summarizes the results of a survey of 93 local businesses in Bloomington/Normal, Peoria, and Lincoln. The objectives of the research were to help Customized Training understand the training needs of area businesses and how to better promote its services. The report provides analyses and findings related to the training budgets, methods, and opportunities businesses utilize and the level of awareness of Customized Training in the region.
This document contains contact information for various metalworking and manufacturing companies in Ontario, Canada. It lists company names, addresses, phone numbers and contacts. Many of the contacts mentioned will be on holidays or away until later dates in August and requests were made to schedule appointments for quotes and calibration services. The document appears to be notes from a sales representative documenting potential business leads.
This document proposes updates to Target's mobile app to make it more useful and user-friendly. It suggests simplifying the login process, utilizing location services to tailor content to local preferences, and adding periodic questions to gather marketing insights. Promotional features would give discounts for Target brands to increase their sales. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in low costs and opportunity to continuously learn customer preferences, while weaknesses include the app's limited usage and threats of non-smartphone users and brand loyalty. The updates aim to attract new customers through an improved convenience-focused shopping experience.
Saroj Kumar is seeking a position and has over 1 year of experience in search engine optimization and app store optimization. He has expertise in improving organic search results and managing app marketing strategies for businesses. Some of his responsibilities include link building, social media optimization, guest postings, and page rank optimization. He has worked on mobile apps for photo grids, online videos, language translation, SMS collections, and drinking water reminders.
The document is a call log for a morning shift on February 19th, 2014 containing calls made to various businesses in Lac La Biche, Alberta. Over 50 calls are logged with notes on whether contact was made, messages taken, and potential appointments scheduled for things like seeing work and pricing for signs, paper products, and vehicle work. Several appointments are scheduled for that afternoon between 3-5pm to meet with representatives from businesses like The Stitchin' Man, Krens Business Lounge, Century 21 Lakeland Real Estate, and Badry Fyith's Carpet Cleaning Services.
Slideshare is a platform for sharing presentations and other documents. It allows users to upload and share their files publicly or privately and view files uploaded by others. Visual content is more likely to be viewed and shared widely on Slideshare compared to plain text.
This document proposes updates to a Target mobile app to make it more useful and user-friendly. It identifies problems with the current app like too many login accounts and complexity. The proposed updates include logging in with Facebook, making the app simpler, utilizing location services to tailor content, and adding periodic questions to collect customer preferences for marketing purposes. Features like managing grocery lists, checking items off while shopping, and paying with Target's REDcard directly in the app are suggested. Advertising the updated app is also discussed to promote Target brands and services.
This document is a marketing research report prepared for Customized Training at Heartland Community College. It summarizes the results of a survey of 93 local businesses in Bloomington/Normal, Peoria, and Lincoln. The objectives of the research were to help Customized Training understand the training needs of area businesses and how to better promote its services. The report provides analyses and findings related to the training budgets, methods, and opportunities businesses utilize and the level of awareness of Customized Training in the region.
This document contains contact information for various metalworking and manufacturing companies in Ontario, Canada. It lists company names, addresses, phone numbers and contacts. Many of the contacts mentioned will be on holidays or away until later dates in August and requests were made to schedule appointments for quotes and calibration services. The document appears to be notes from a sales representative documenting potential business leads.
This document proposes updates to Target's mobile app to make it more useful and user-friendly. It suggests simplifying the login process, utilizing location services to tailor content to local preferences, and adding periodic questions to gather marketing insights. Promotional features would give discounts for Target brands to increase their sales. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in low costs and opportunity to continuously learn customer preferences, while weaknesses include the app's limited usage and threats of non-smartphone users and brand loyalty. The updates aim to attract new customers through an improved convenience-focused shopping experience.
Saroj Kumar is seeking a position and has over 1 year of experience in search engine optimization and app store optimization. He has expertise in improving organic search results and managing app marketing strategies for businesses. Some of his responsibilities include link building, social media optimization, guest postings, and page rank optimization. He has worked on mobile apps for photo grids, online videos, language translation, SMS collections, and drinking water reminders.
An addendum Paper for Wave and Lens Assimilations dedicated to the mathematical logic and reasoning for those mechanics useful to glass processes in Ark and Digital Mode of Construction
50 Studies of Spin-Orbit Correlations in Kaon Electroproduction in DIS with p...Cristian Randieri PhD
Studies of Spin-Orbit Correlations in Kaon Electroproduction in DIS with polarized hydrogen and deuterium targets - A 12 GeV Research Proposal to Jefferson Lab
di H. Avakian, A. Bacchetta, V.D. Burkert, L.Elouadrhiri, V. Kubarovsky, S Stepanyan E. Cisbani, F. Cusanno, F. Garibaldi, S. Frullani, P. Rossi†, E. De Sanctis, L. Hovsepyan, M. Mirazita, and S. Anefalos Pereira, K. Hafidi, J. Arrington, P. Dupr´e, D. F. Geesaman, R. J. Holt, D. H. Potterveld, P. E. Reimer, P. Solvignon K. Griffioen, Bo Zhao, M. Aghasyan, S.E. Kuhn, Z.-E. Meziani, B. Sawatzky, A. Lukhanin, D. Ireland, R. Kaiser, K. Livingston, D. MacGregor, G. Rosner, B. Seitz, K. Joo, P. Schweitzer, M. Ungaro, P.F. Dalpiaz, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, F. Giordano, P. Lenisa, L. Pappalardo, A. D’Angelo, C. Schaerf, V. Vegna, R. De Leo, L. Lagamba, S. Marrone, G. Simonetti, E. Nappi, I. Vilardi, G.M. Urciuoli, M. Battaglieri, R. De Vita, V. Drozdov, M. Osipenko, M. Ripani, M. Taiuti, V. Bellini, A. Giusa, F. Mammoliti, C. Randieri, G. Russo, M.L. Sperduto, C.M. Sutera, N. Kalantarians, D. Crabb, L.C. Smith, R. Avagyan, A. Avetisyan, R. Dallakyan, S. Taroyan, F. Benmokhtar, M. Anselmino, A. Kotzinian, B. Parsamyan, A. Prokudin, M. Burkardt, B. Pasquini, L. Gamberg, G.R. Goldstein
Abstract
We are proposing a comprehensive program to study transverse momentum depen- dence of valence quark transverse and longitudinal spin distributions through mea- surements of spin-azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive electroproduction of kaons using the upgraded JLab 11 GeV polarized electron beam and the CLAS12 detector with longitudinally polarized proton and deuteron targets. Main objectives include studies of correlations of the transverse spin of quarks with their transverse momen- tum, leading to observable spin and azimuthal asymmetries. The measurement of the sin 2_ azimuthal moment of the semi-inclusive production of hadrons in DIS with lon- gitudinally polarized targets, in particular will provide direct information on spin-orbit correlations by measuring the leading twist transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions related to the interference between states with different orbital momenta. Measurements with kaons are complementary to measurements with pions and will provide additional information on the Collins fragmentation mechanism. The PT dependence of the double spin asymmetry will provide additional information on the flavor and polarization dependence of transverse momentum dependence of helicity distributions of quarks, providing complementary to SSA measurements access to spin-orbit correlations. The x, z, PT and Q2 dependences of the sin 2_ and sin _ mo- ments will be studied to probe the underlying T-odd distribution and fragmentation functions. The experiment will use the upgraded CLAS12 detector, 11 GeV highly polarized electron beam and longitudinally polarized solid ammonia targets (NH3 and ND3). Kaon identification in the complete kinematic range...
This document summarizes the status of the T2K experiment in 2017. It discusses the neutrino beam and detector status, highlights of recent results including constraints on neutrino oscillation parameters and the first measurement of CP violation, and future plans to collect more data and upgrade detectors to improve sensitivity to CP violation. Over 22×1020 protons have been collected so far, with stable beam operation at 470 kW power. The Super-K detector continues to collect data efficiently, and analysis improvements have increased the neutrino event samples.
EUGM15 - Michael J. Bodkin (Evotec): Algorithms, Evolution and Network-Based ...ChemAxon
Drug research generates huge quantities of data around targets, compounds and their effects. Network modelling can be used to describe such relationships with the aim to couple our understanding of disease networks with the changes in small molecule properties. This talk will build off of the data that is routinely captured in drug discovery and describe the methods and tools that we have developed for compound design using predictive modelling, evolutionary algorithms and network-based mining.
A Collaborative Tool for the Computational Modelling of Child Language Acquis...Kris Jack
I gave this presentation at the Cognitive Aspects of Computational Language Acquisition workshop in the European Association of Computational Linguistics conference in 2009.
It presents a freely available open source project written in Java for studying the computational modelling of child language acquisition. It supports plugging in different learning algorithms and evaluating them all within the same environment and with a standardised set of metrics.
new optimization algorithm for topology optimizationSeonho Park
authors devise new convex approximation called DQA which utilizes information of two consecutive points at iterates. Also, to guarantee global convergence, filter method is illustrated.
Finite Element Solution On Effects Of Viscous Dissipation & Diffusion Thermo ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element solution to analyze the effects of viscous dissipation and diffusion thermo on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow past an impulsively started inclined oscillating plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations describing the flow are non-dimensionalized and solved using the finite element method. The effects of various flow parameters on flow variables are discussed and results are analyzed graphically.
This presentation discusses topology optimization using a level-set method. It begins with an introduction to topology optimization and level-set representation. It then describes the problem formulation, including the objective function, constraints, and use of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and level-set representation. Finally, it presents four numerical examples of applying the level-set topology optimization method to different problems, including the optimization of material microstructures.
An optimal and progressive algorithm for skyline queries slideWooSung Choi
The document presents an optimal and progressive algorithm for processing skyline queries using an R-tree index. It discusses two strategies - recursive nearest neighbor queries and a branch and bound skyline algorithm. The recursive NN query approach requires additional processing to eliminate duplicate results for higher dimensions, while the branch and bound skyline algorithm prunes non-skyline points during traversal to directly generate the skyline without duplicates. The algorithm processes the R-tree in a best-first manner by maintaining a priority queue of tree nodes ordered by their minimum possible skyline size.
New Broken Time-reversal Symmetry Superconductors: Theoretical Constraints on...Jorge Quintanilla
The document discusses unconventional superconductors that break time-reversal symmetry, including LaNiC2. It provides an analysis of the possible pairing states and mechanisms in LaNiC2 based on its crystal structure and symmetry. Non-unitary pairing states are identified as possible candidates that break time-reversal symmetry while preserving other symmetries.
Presentation on machine learning and materials science at Computing in Engineering Forum 2018, Machine Ground Interaction Consortium (MaGIC) 2018, Wisconsin, Madison, December 4, 2018
Some R&D projects generated from technological seeds produce potential applications in other fields. In many industries, huge amounts of public investment are spent continuously over long periods. Advanced technology with high levels of technology are required and achieved. Even in cases with projects that apparently failed, technological and economical spinoff effects are expected from collaterally and often serendipitously developed technologies. A few empirical studies have assessed the extent of serendipitous technological spinoffs quantitatively. This report presents a proposed methodology for predicting technological fields that have plausible and diverse applications in other industries using bibliometrics and network analyses of patent publications. The dataset is extracted from a patent database served by Thomson Reuters. To identify and predict spin-offs will contribute to science and technology policymaking and to the development of potential business partners. We were able to observe the transition of technology transfer between fields with time expanded network. Our results suggest the possibility of using our approach to detect the potential technological and industrial fields where breakthroughs by innovative seeds in other fields can open new opportunities and directions of development.
Influence of Cr Doping On Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of...IOSR Journals
Cr-doped tin oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the films were polycrystalline with a tetragonal rutile structure. Increasing the Cr dopant concentration from 10% to 20% caused a shift of diffraction peaks to higher angles, decreasing the interplanar spacing and crystallite size. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the films had a homogeneous, crack-free morphology with spherical grains that decreased in size as the Cr concentration increased. Optical analysis found the energy bandgap increased with higher Cr doping levels, exhibiting a blue shift. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the films were influenced by the Cr dopant concentration.
An addendum Paper for Wave and Lens Assimilations dedicated to the mathematical logic and reasoning for those mechanics useful to glass processes in Ark and Digital Mode of Construction
50 Studies of Spin-Orbit Correlations in Kaon Electroproduction in DIS with p...Cristian Randieri PhD
Studies of Spin-Orbit Correlations in Kaon Electroproduction in DIS with polarized hydrogen and deuterium targets - A 12 GeV Research Proposal to Jefferson Lab
di H. Avakian, A. Bacchetta, V.D. Burkert, L.Elouadrhiri, V. Kubarovsky, S Stepanyan E. Cisbani, F. Cusanno, F. Garibaldi, S. Frullani, P. Rossi†, E. De Sanctis, L. Hovsepyan, M. Mirazita, and S. Anefalos Pereira, K. Hafidi, J. Arrington, P. Dupr´e, D. F. Geesaman, R. J. Holt, D. H. Potterveld, P. E. Reimer, P. Solvignon K. Griffioen, Bo Zhao, M. Aghasyan, S.E. Kuhn, Z.-E. Meziani, B. Sawatzky, A. Lukhanin, D. Ireland, R. Kaiser, K. Livingston, D. MacGregor, G. Rosner, B. Seitz, K. Joo, P. Schweitzer, M. Ungaro, P.F. Dalpiaz, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, F. Giordano, P. Lenisa, L. Pappalardo, A. D’Angelo, C. Schaerf, V. Vegna, R. De Leo, L. Lagamba, S. Marrone, G. Simonetti, E. Nappi, I. Vilardi, G.M. Urciuoli, M. Battaglieri, R. De Vita, V. Drozdov, M. Osipenko, M. Ripani, M. Taiuti, V. Bellini, A. Giusa, F. Mammoliti, C. Randieri, G. Russo, M.L. Sperduto, C.M. Sutera, N. Kalantarians, D. Crabb, L.C. Smith, R. Avagyan, A. Avetisyan, R. Dallakyan, S. Taroyan, F. Benmokhtar, M. Anselmino, A. Kotzinian, B. Parsamyan, A. Prokudin, M. Burkardt, B. Pasquini, L. Gamberg, G.R. Goldstein
Abstract
We are proposing a comprehensive program to study transverse momentum depen- dence of valence quark transverse and longitudinal spin distributions through mea- surements of spin-azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive electroproduction of kaons using the upgraded JLab 11 GeV polarized electron beam and the CLAS12 detector with longitudinally polarized proton and deuteron targets. Main objectives include studies of correlations of the transverse spin of quarks with their transverse momen- tum, leading to observable spin and azimuthal asymmetries. The measurement of the sin 2_ azimuthal moment of the semi-inclusive production of hadrons in DIS with lon- gitudinally polarized targets, in particular will provide direct information on spin-orbit correlations by measuring the leading twist transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions related to the interference between states with different orbital momenta. Measurements with kaons are complementary to measurements with pions and will provide additional information on the Collins fragmentation mechanism. The PT dependence of the double spin asymmetry will provide additional information on the flavor and polarization dependence of transverse momentum dependence of helicity distributions of quarks, providing complementary to SSA measurements access to spin-orbit correlations. The x, z, PT and Q2 dependences of the sin 2_ and sin _ mo- ments will be studied to probe the underlying T-odd distribution and fragmentation functions. The experiment will use the upgraded CLAS12 detector, 11 GeV highly polarized electron beam and longitudinally polarized solid ammonia targets (NH3 and ND3). Kaon identification in the complete kinematic range...
This document summarizes the status of the T2K experiment in 2017. It discusses the neutrino beam and detector status, highlights of recent results including constraints on neutrino oscillation parameters and the first measurement of CP violation, and future plans to collect more data and upgrade detectors to improve sensitivity to CP violation. Over 22×1020 protons have been collected so far, with stable beam operation at 470 kW power. The Super-K detector continues to collect data efficiently, and analysis improvements have increased the neutrino event samples.
EUGM15 - Michael J. Bodkin (Evotec): Algorithms, Evolution and Network-Based ...ChemAxon
Drug research generates huge quantities of data around targets, compounds and their effects. Network modelling can be used to describe such relationships with the aim to couple our understanding of disease networks with the changes in small molecule properties. This talk will build off of the data that is routinely captured in drug discovery and describe the methods and tools that we have developed for compound design using predictive modelling, evolutionary algorithms and network-based mining.
A Collaborative Tool for the Computational Modelling of Child Language Acquis...Kris Jack
I gave this presentation at the Cognitive Aspects of Computational Language Acquisition workshop in the European Association of Computational Linguistics conference in 2009.
It presents a freely available open source project written in Java for studying the computational modelling of child language acquisition. It supports plugging in different learning algorithms and evaluating them all within the same environment and with a standardised set of metrics.
new optimization algorithm for topology optimizationSeonho Park
authors devise new convex approximation called DQA which utilizes information of two consecutive points at iterates. Also, to guarantee global convergence, filter method is illustrated.
Finite Element Solution On Effects Of Viscous Dissipation & Diffusion Thermo ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element solution to analyze the effects of viscous dissipation and diffusion thermo on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow past an impulsively started inclined oscillating plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations describing the flow are non-dimensionalized and solved using the finite element method. The effects of various flow parameters on flow variables are discussed and results are analyzed graphically.
This presentation discusses topology optimization using a level-set method. It begins with an introduction to topology optimization and level-set representation. It then describes the problem formulation, including the objective function, constraints, and use of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and level-set representation. Finally, it presents four numerical examples of applying the level-set topology optimization method to different problems, including the optimization of material microstructures.
An optimal and progressive algorithm for skyline queries slideWooSung Choi
The document presents an optimal and progressive algorithm for processing skyline queries using an R-tree index. It discusses two strategies - recursive nearest neighbor queries and a branch and bound skyline algorithm. The recursive NN query approach requires additional processing to eliminate duplicate results for higher dimensions, while the branch and bound skyline algorithm prunes non-skyline points during traversal to directly generate the skyline without duplicates. The algorithm processes the R-tree in a best-first manner by maintaining a priority queue of tree nodes ordered by their minimum possible skyline size.
New Broken Time-reversal Symmetry Superconductors: Theoretical Constraints on...Jorge Quintanilla
The document discusses unconventional superconductors that break time-reversal symmetry, including LaNiC2. It provides an analysis of the possible pairing states and mechanisms in LaNiC2 based on its crystal structure and symmetry. Non-unitary pairing states are identified as possible candidates that break time-reversal symmetry while preserving other symmetries.
Presentation on machine learning and materials science at Computing in Engineering Forum 2018, Machine Ground Interaction Consortium (MaGIC) 2018, Wisconsin, Madison, December 4, 2018
Some R&D projects generated from technological seeds produce potential applications in other fields. In many industries, huge amounts of public investment are spent continuously over long periods. Advanced technology with high levels of technology are required and achieved. Even in cases with projects that apparently failed, technological and economical spinoff effects are expected from collaterally and often serendipitously developed technologies. A few empirical studies have assessed the extent of serendipitous technological spinoffs quantitatively. This report presents a proposed methodology for predicting technological fields that have plausible and diverse applications in other industries using bibliometrics and network analyses of patent publications. The dataset is extracted from a patent database served by Thomson Reuters. To identify and predict spin-offs will contribute to science and technology policymaking and to the development of potential business partners. We were able to observe the transition of technology transfer between fields with time expanded network. Our results suggest the possibility of using our approach to detect the potential technological and industrial fields where breakthroughs by innovative seeds in other fields can open new opportunities and directions of development.
Influence of Cr Doping On Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of...IOSR Journals
Cr-doped tin oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the films were polycrystalline with a tetragonal rutile structure. Increasing the Cr dopant concentration from 10% to 20% caused a shift of diffraction peaks to higher angles, decreasing the interplanar spacing and crystallite size. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the films had a homogeneous, crack-free morphology with spherical grains that decreased in size as the Cr concentration increased. Optical analysis found the energy bandgap increased with higher Cr doping levels, exhibiting a blue shift. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the films were influenced by the Cr dopant concentration.
2. 2IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Outline
q IntroducHon
o Global trends in radia=on detec=on materials
§ Complex hosts
§ Co-doping
o Parameter space for scin=llators R&D
q Tools to search through the parameter space
o Combinatorial chemistry
o Full factorial design
o Frac=onal factorial design
o Response surface methodology
q NaI performance engineering
o Experimental design
o Data analysis and result verifica=on
o Bridgman crystal growth
o NaI:TEC characteriza=on
q Conclusion and future work
3. 3IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Outline
q IntroducHon
o Global trends in radia=on detec=on materials
§ Complex hosts
§ Co-doping
o Parameter space for scin=llators R&D
q Tools to search through the parameter space
o Combinatorial chemistry
o Full factorial design
o Frac=onal factorial design
o Response surface methodology
q NaI performance engineering
o Experimental design
o Data analysis and result verifica=on
o Bridgman crystal growth
o NaI:TEC characteriza=on
q Conclusion and future work
13. 13IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Outline
q IntroducHon
o Global trends in radiaHon detecHon materials
§ Complex hosts
§ Co-doping
o Parameter space for scinHllators R&D
q Tools to search through the parameter space
o Combinatorial chemistry
o Full factorial design
o Frac=onal factorial design
o Response surface methodology
q NaI performance engineering
o Experimental design
o Data analysis and result verificaHon
o Bridgman crystal growth
o NaI:TEC characterizaHon
q Conclusion and future work
15. 15IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Combinatorial chemistry and scinHllator?
• Cannot use powder/thin film
• Need single crystal of representative quality
Requirement to access scintillation properties:
Gamma response and photopeak for energy
resolution and light output
The speed of the approach is as fast as the
slowest part of the process.
Numerous possibility
Extremely time
consuming
Not applicable!
Crystal growth/
Material Synthesis
A = Li, Na, K, Cs
X = F, Cl, Br, I
Y = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2
54 = 625 crystals
Cs2ALa1-yCeyX6:IIA
5 factors x 4 levels Full factorial design
IIA = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba
[IIA] = 0.05%, 0.1%,
0.25%, 0.5%
18. 18IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Fractional factorial design 33 using L9 OA
Example: Cs2ALa1-yCeyX6
Orthogonal Experimental Set
Design A X Y
1 Li Cl 0.01
2 Li Br 0.05
3 Li I 0.1
4 Na Cl 0.05
5 Na Br 0.1
6 Na I 0.01
7 Cs Cl 0.1
8 Cs Br 0.01
9 Cs I 0.05
Factor Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
A Li Na Cs
X Cl Br I
Y 0.01 0.05 0.1
#1 Cs2LiLaCl6:1%Ce
#5 Cs2NaLaBr6:10%Ce
#9 Cs3LaI6:5%Ce
X
Y
A
#1
#5
#9
21. 21IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Outline
q IntroducHon
o Global trends in radiaHon detecHon materials
§ Complex hosts
§ Co-doping
o Parameter space for scinHllators R&D
q Tools to search through the parameter space
o Combinatorial chemistry
o Full factorial design
o FracHonal factorial design
o Response surface methodology
q NaI performance engineering
o Experimental design
o Data analysis and result verifica=on
o Bridgman crystal growth
o NaI:TEC characteriza=on
q Conclusion and future work
22. 22IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
NaI – Performance engineering
Factor Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
Dopant Tl - - -
[Dopant], % 0.0 0.1 0.25 0.5
Co-dopant Mg Ca Sr Ba
[co-dopant] 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8
[Eu2+], % 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.0
Full factorial design would require trial of 256 different crystals
L16 orthogonal array based FracHonal Factorial design - only 16 crystals
Goal: Improvement of NaI Energy ResoluHon by co-doping
Benchmark: NaI:Tl – 40,000 ph/MeV and 6.3% at 662 keV
Best value reported - Shiran et al.: NaI:Tl,Eu – 48,000 ph/MeV and 6.2% at 662 keV
Best unreported value: NaI:Tl - 44,000 ph/MeV and 5.9% at 662 keV
Factorial (parametric) space to discover:
Shiran, N.V. et al, IEEE TNS 57 (3) p.1233, 2010
24. 24IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Design of Experiment
FracHonal factorial design using L16 orthogonal array
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
0
5
10
15
20
H omemade reference
C ommercial reference
Energy Resolution @ 662keV (%)
D es ign number
Mg
C a
S r
B a
B aMg
C a S r
B a
Mg
C a
S r
B aMg
C a
S r
S tatistical limit for 44000 photons/MeV
None of the experimental composi=ons significantly over perform the reference
InformaHon on the direcHon of improvement is encoded in the design
26. 26IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
OpHmum composiHon synthesis
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
0
100
200
300
400
Counts
P MT 1 C hannel
S 4
L Y = 46200 ph/MeV *
E R = 5.4%
*LO corrected for PMT QE NaI: 0.25%Tl, 0.1%Eu, 0.2%Ca
Quick op=mal composi=on synthesis
and performance evalua=on
OpHmal composiHon over perform the benchmark reference even when we operate in
the nominal concentraHons parametric space
Factor Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
Dopant Tl - - -
[Dopant], % 0.0 0.1 0.25 0.5
Co-dopant Mg Ca Sr Ba
[co-dopant] 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8
[Eu2+], % 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.0
Factorial space to discover:
32. 32IEEE NSS 2015 San Diego
Outline
q IntroducHon
o Global trends in radiaHon detecHon materials
§ Complex hosts
§ Co-doping
o Parameter space for scinHllators R&D
q Tools to search through the parameter space
o Combinatorial chemistry
o Full factorial design
o FracHonal factorial design
o Response surface methodology
q NaI performance engineering
o Experimental design
o Data analysis and result verificaHon
o Bridgman crystal growth
o NaI:TEC characterizaHon
q Conclusion and future work