1. The document provides definitions for various audio and sound design terms, sourced from online research. 2. Definitions include formats like .wav, .aiff, and .mp3, concepts like lossy compression, and hardware like sound cards and digital signal processors. 3. It also defines audio recording and playback systems from analogue to digital, surround sound, and direct audio using pulse code modulation.

1. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
1
Produce a glossary of terms specific to the methods and principles of sound design and production. Using a provided template, you must
research and gather definitions specific to provided glossary terms. Any definitions must be referenced with the URL link of the website you
have obtained the definition.
You must also, where possible, provide specific details of how researched definitions relate to your own production practice.
Name: Joshua Grey RESEARCHED DEFINITION (provide short
internet researched definition and URL
link)
DESCRIBE THE RELEVANCE OF THE
RESEARCHED TERM TO YOUR OWN
PRODUCTION PRACTICE?
SOUND DESIGN METHODOLOGY FoleyArtistry Foleyeffectsare soundeffectsaddedto
the filmduringpostproduction(after
the shootingstops).Theyinclude
soundssuchas footsteps,clothes
rustling,crockeryclinking,paper
folding,doorsopeningandslamming,
puncheshitting,glassbreaking,etc.etc.
In otherwords,manyof the soundsthat
the soundrecordistsonsetdid their
bestto avoidrecordingduringthe
shoot.
Source link
Foleyeffects - soundsaddedtoapiece
of filmpostproductionsothatthe
levelsof soundcanbe alteredsoit
isn’tlouderthanthe mainfocus of the
cliplike someone talking,afoleyeffect
couldbe a doorslammingwhichwould
be addedinpost productionata lower
volume thaninreal life soitisn’t
loudertanthe people talking
Sound Libraries a collectionof soundsstoredonfile (for
example onCDs,DVDs,or as digital
audiofiles)
Source link
A digital libraryof musicandfilm
storedon a computer.

2. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
2
SOUND FILE FORMATS Uncompressed Uncompressedaudiofilesare the most
accurate digital representationof a
soundwave,butcan alsobe the most
resource-intensive methodof recording
and storingdigital audio,bothinterms
of storage andmanagement.Their
accuracy makesthemsuitable for
archivinganddeliveringaudioathigh
resolution,andworkingwithaudioata
professionallevel,andtheyare the
'master' audioformatof choice.
Source link
The original audiofile thathasnot
beenchangedinanyway,this isuseful
for audioprofessionalswhowantthe
clearestandbestaudioclipfor editing
at a laterdate.Because theyare
uncompressedtheyare alargerfile
size thanan audioclipthat has been
editedorchanged.
.wav A Wave file isanaudiofile format,
createdby Microsoft,thathas become
a standard PCaudiofile formatfor
everythingfromsystemandgame
soundsto CD-qualityaudio.A Wave file
isidentifiedbyafile name extensionof
WAV (.wav).UsedprimarilyinPCs,the
Wave file formathasbeenacceptedas
a viable interchange mediumforother
computerplatforms,suchasMacintosh.
Thisallowscontentdeveloperstofreely
move audiofilesbetweenplatforms
Source link
A .wavfile isanaudiofile thatis
primarilyusedonPCbut workson Mac
too. It isthe industrystandardfile
formatfor transferringaudiofiles
across platformsanddifferent
hardware.

3. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
3
.aiff AIFFisshort for AudioInterchange File
Format,whichisan audioformat
initiallycreatedbyApple Computerfor
storingand transmittinghigh-quality
sampledaudiodata.Itsupportsa
varietyof bitresolutions,sample rates,
and channelsof audio.Thisformatis
quite popularuponApple platforms,
and iscommonlyadoptedin
professionalprogramsthathandle
digital audiowaveforms.
Source link
An audioformatusedforsendinghigh
qualityaudiodata. Was createdby
Apple andisnowusedin programs
that use digital audiowaveforms.
.au A digital audiofileformatfromSunthat
isusedon the Internetandcan be
playedbya Java program.It provides
toll-qualitysoundandusesthe .AU
extension.Itgenerallyusesthe u-Law
(mu-Law) encodingmethod,andrawu-
Law filesandAU filesare the same
exceptforthe file header.
Source link
An audiofile usedonthe internetand
playedbya Java programproviding
sound,javais usedforthingssuchas
websitesandinternetbasedgames.

4. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
4
.smp An ".smp"file maybe one of several
differenttypesof audiofile.For
example,itcouldbe aSample Vision
audiosample file.TurtleBeachSample
Visionoriginallyusedthis16-bitaudio
file;youcanopenit withAdobe
Auction,SoundForge Proor Awave
Studio.Itcouldalsobe a sample file for
AdLibGold,a PC soundcard releasedin
1992; ScreamTracker, a mid-1990s
musiceditingprogram;orSwell.
Reason,a musicrecordingand
productionprogram,usesthe ".smp"
extensionforsamplerinstrument
patches.
Source link
An SMP file couldrefertovarious
audiofile formatsusedfordifferent
tasks. It can be openedbya varietyof
software.
Lossy Compression Lossycompressionreducesafile by
permanentlyeliminatingcertain
information,especiallyredundant
information.Whenthe file is
uncompressed,onlyapart of the
original informationisstill there
(althoughthe usermaynot notice it).
Lossycompression isgenerallyusedfor
videoandsound,where mostuserswill
not detecta certainamountof
informationloss.
Source link
Lossycompressioniswhenthe
computertakes outparts of an audio
file tomake the file smallerfor
transfer. Doingthisreducessound
qualitybutitis notnoticeable tothe
vast amountof people. Analternative
wouldbe losslesscompressionwhich
re-writesafile intoasmallermemory
size andthenre-writesintothe
original file atthe otherend.

5. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
5
.mp3 MP3, isan audiocoding
formatfor digital audiowhichusesa
formof lossydatacompression.Itisa
commonaudioformatfor consumer
audiostreamingorstorage,as well as
a de factostandard of digital audio
compressionforthe transferand
playbackof musicon mostdigital audio
players.
Source link
A codingformatusedfor streaming
and storage of music,it isone of the
mostwidelyusedaudiofile formats
and playsona varietyof hardware.
AUDIO LIMITATIONS Sound ProcessorUnit (SPU) A soundcard (alsoknownasan audio
card) isan internal computerexpansion
card that facilitateseconomical input
and outputof audiosignals toand from
a computerundercontrol of computer
programs.The termsoundcard isalso
appliedtoexternal audio interfacesthat
use software togenerate sound,as
opposedtousinghardware inside the
PC.Typical usesof soundcards include
providingthe audiocomponentfor
multimediaapplicationssuchasmusic
composition,editingvideooraudio,
presentation,educationand
entertainment(games) andvideo
projection.
Source link
Thisenablessoundtoandfrom a
computerandis usedina varietyof
applicationslikegames,musicand
videos.

6. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
6
Digital SoundProcessor (DSP) Digital Signal Processors(DSPs)take
real-worldsignalslikevoice,audio,
video,temperature,pressure,or
positionthathave beendigitizedand
thenmathematicallymanipulate them.
A DSPis designedforperforming
mathematical functions like "add",
"subtract","multiply"and"divide"very
quickly.
Source link
Random Access Memory
(RAM)
In commonusage,the term RAMis
synonymouswith main memory,the
memoryavailable to programs.For
example,acomputerwith8MB RAM
has approximately8millionbytesof
memorythatprograms can use.
Source link
The memorya computerhas. The
higherthe RAMthe more memorythe
computerhas andthe more tasksit
can preformsimultaneously.
Mono Audio Commonlycalled monosound, mono,
thisearlysoundsystemuseda
single channel of audioforsound
output.Inmonophonicsoundsystems,
the signal sentto the soundsystem
encodesone single streamof soundand
it usuallyusesjustone speaker.
Source link
Mono (means one) andisa type of
audiosoundwhichusesone streamof
soundfromone speakeras opposedto
stereosounds.

7. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
7
StereoAudio Commonlycalled stereosoundorjust
stereo,stereophonicsounddivides
soundsacross two channels (recorded
on twoseparate sources) thenthe
recordedsoundsare mixedsothat
some elementsare channelledtothe
leftandothersto the right.
Source link
Stereosoundsare mixedsothatmusic
etc ischannelledtotwodifferent
speakers(leftandright) forabetter
soundquality.
Surround Sound A systemof soundrecordingand
reproductionthatusesthree ormore
independentrecordingchannelsand
loudspeakersinordertogive the
impressionthatthe listeneris
surroundedbythe soundsources
Source link
Usedfor cinemasandTV systems.
Soundbars and speakersgive you
soundfromdifferentareasof your
room soyou are surroundedbythe
sound.

8. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
8
Direct Audio(Pulse Code
Modulation– PCM)
Pulse-codemodulation (PCM) isa
methodusedto digitally represent
sampledanalogsignals.Itisthe
standardform of digital audioin
computers, CompactDiscs, digital
telephony andotherdigital audio
applications.InaPCMstream,
the amplitude of the analogsignal is
sampledregularlyatuniformintervals,
and eachsample is quantized tothe
nearestvalue withinarange of digital
steps.
Source link
Is the code that computersuse to
deciphersoundandplayitthrough
speakersorheadphones.
AUDIO RECORDING SYSTEMS Analogue Referstorecordingaudioina format of
continuousvibrationsthatare
analogoustothe original soundwaves.
Before audiorecordingbecame digital,
soundswere "carved"intovinyl records
or writtentotape as magnetic
waveforms.Contrastwith digitalaudio.
Source link
An oldmethodof recordingaudio. It
was made obsolete bydigital
recordings.

9. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
9
Digital Mini Disc A digital discmediumforstoringmusic
or data where a small discishousedina
cartridge and iseitherrecordable or
playback
Source link
A small physical discusedforstoring
audioor videofiles.
Compact Disc (CD) Knownbyits abbreviation, CD,a
compact discis a polycarbonate with
one or more metal layerscapable
of storingdigital information.The most
prevalenttypesof compactdiscsare
those usedbythe musicindustryto
store digital recordings.
Source link
A discusedfor storinga varietyof PC
data, includingpictures,audioand
film.
Digital AudioTape (DAT) DAT (Digital AudioTape) isastandard
mediumandtechnologyfor
the digital recordingof audioontape at
a professional level of quality.A DAT
drive isa digital tape recorderwith
rotatingheadssimilartothose foundin
a videodeck.Most DAT drivescan
record at sample ratesof 44.1 kHz, the
CD audiostandard,and 48 kHz.
Source link
A digital recordingdevice.

10. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
10
MIDI Pronounced middy,anacronym
for musicalinstrumentdigitalinterface,
a standard adoptedbythe electronic
musicindustryforcontrollingdevices,
such as synthesizersandsoundcards,
that emitmusic.Atminimum,aMIDI
representationof asoundincludes
valuesforthe note'spitch,length,and
volume.Itcan alsoinclude additional
characteristics,suchas attack and delay
time.
Source link
An interface usedbymusiciansto
change levelssuchaspitch,bassand
othervariousparts of music.
Software Sequencers In digital audiorecording,asequenceris
a program ina computeror stand-alone
keyboardunitthatputs togethera
soundsequence fromaseries(or
sequence) of Musical InstrumentDigital
Interface ( MIDI ) events(operations).
The MIDI sequencerallowsthe userto
record andedita musical performance
withoutusinganaudio-basedinput
source.
Source link

11. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
11
Software Plug-ins A plug-inisa(sometimesessential)
piece of software code thatenablesan
applicationorprogramto do something
it couldn’tbyitself.One of the more
commonplug-insisAdobe FlashPlayer.
WithoutFlashPlayeryouwon’t,for
example, be able toviewBBCNews
bulletinsembeddedintowebpages.
Source link
A piece of downloadable software that
isusedto make the computer
compatible withdifferenthardware
such as digital recorders. Itisalso
usedto playvideosandaudioonthe
internet.
MIDI Keyboard Instruments A Musical InstrumentDigital Interface
(MIDI) keyboardisa musical instrument
like apianokeyboard.The MIDI portion
indicatesthatthe instrumenthasa
communicationprotocol builtinthat
allowsitto communicate witha
computeror otherMIDI-equipped
instrument.
Source link
An instrumentwithabuiltincomputer
connectivity.

12. Salford City College
Eccles Sixth Form Centre
BTEC Extended Diploma in GAMES DESIGN
Unit 73: Sound For Computer Games
IG2 Task 1
12
AUDIO SAMPLING File Size Constraints - Bit-
depth
Bit depthdescribesthe potential
accuracy of a particularpiece of
hardware or software thatprocesses
audiodata. Ingeneral,the more bits
that are available,the more accurate
the resultingoutputfromthe data
beingprocessed.
Source link
Bit depthisthe measurementof how
clearthe audiofile willbe. More bits
make the audioclearerand sharper.
File Size Constraints - Sample
Rate
The rate at which samplesof
an analogsignal are takenin orderto be
convertedintodigital form.A PCssound
card typicallywill sample areceived
analogsignal,suchas througha
microphone, anddigitize itforuse by
the computer.
Source link
The sample rate determinesthe speed
analogsignalsare turnedintoaudio.