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MUZIEKPSYCHOLOGIE
LUCA-ARTS LEMMENSINSTITUUT

ACADEMIEJAAR 2013-2014
MUZIEK ALS GELUID
Geluid =

-

Trillingen in de lucht

-

Specifieke structuur

-

Akoestische verhouding

registreren via geluidsdragers : magneetband, vinyl, mp3
elektronische muziek
Stockhausen

2

Varèse (muziek is georganiseerd geluid)
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

3

Fysische eigenschappen van geluid:
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

4

Fysische eigenschappen van geluid:
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

5

Fysische eigenschappen van geluid:
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

6

Akoestiek:
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

7

Zweving : out of tune
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

8

Klankkleur : specifieke combinatie van harmonischen
MUZIEK ALS GELUID
Maskering : het geheim van mp3
Enkel hoorbare geluiden registreren (20Hrz – 20Khrz)

-

Auditory masking : veel energie in hoofdfrequentie zorgt dat
dichtbijgelegen zachtere frequenties onhoorbaar blijven.

-

Temporal masking : zacht geluid zeer kort na hard geluid wordt
niet waargenomen

9

-
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

10

Verband tussen fysische en psychische maten
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

11

Neuropsychologie van de auditieve waarneming
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

12

Neuropsychologie van de auditieve waarneming
MUZIEK ALS GELUID
Muziek is geen geluid

-

Muziek blijft bestaan ondanks lage geluidskwaliteit

melodie, harmonie, ritmische structuur, timbre
bijv. historische opnamen, geluidsinstallatie

-

Muziek veronderstelt potentiële luisteraar

Top down proces

Bottom up proces

betekenis vanuit ervaring,
verwachting, emotie

betekenis vanuit prikkel
(bijv. Marc Leman)

13

moeilijk te simuleren via software!
14

MUZIEK ALS GELUID
MUZIEK ALS GELUID
Muziek is geen geluid

-

Stilte kan ook muziek zijn (bijv. 4’33’’ van John Cage)
“Muziek zit in de intentie om te luisteren”
alles in de omgeving wordt tot muziek

-

Muziek houdt zich niet aan de (akoestische) wetten van de natuur

Pyhtagoras, Galileo

Consonant = 2:3, 3:4

gelijkzwevende stemming

1: 1,05946

15

“Harmonie der sferen”
MUZIEK ALS GELUID

16

Harry Partch : 43-delige toonschaal  perfect zuiver spelen
17

MUZIEK ALS GELUID
MUZIEK ALS GELUID
Muziek en getal

De gulden snede
(reeks van Fibonnacci)
vinden we terug in:
natuur,
architectuur
schilderijen,
fotografie
muziek,

18

…
19

MUZIEK ALS GELUID
20

MUZIEK ALS GELUID

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Muziekpsychologie les 5