Multiple sclerosis is a progressive degenerative disease that affects the myelin sheath of neurons in the central nervous system, most commonly occurring in people aged 20 to 40. While the specific etiology is unknown, genetic and environmental factors like childhood viral infections may contribute to increased risk. The disease results from an autoimmune response where T-cells activated by an unknown trigger damage myelin and oligodendrocytes through inflammation, forming lesions that interrupt nerve signal transmission. Diagnosis involves assessing medical history, conducting physical exams and scans like MRI and CT, and blood tests. Treatment includes therapies to aid functioning as well as medications like antibiotics, painkillers, and corticosteroids.

1. Presented by; Bobby Abraham

2.  Multiple
sclerosis is a progressive
degenerative disease that affects the myelin
sheath of neurons in the CNS.
INCIDENCE;
Mostly occurs in age 20 to 40 years of age.

3.  Specific etiology is unknown
 Genetic factors
 15 % depend on family history
 viral infections acquired during childhood, may
contribute to onset of disease in adulthood
 Precipitating factors
1. Infection
2. Stress
3. Fatigue

4. Due to etiological factors
T-cells reaches the CNS
Blood brain barrier breakdown occurs
T-cells remain in the CNS and causes damage
to the immune system
Results in inflammation,that destroys the myelin
and oligodendrioglial cells
Formation of plagues
Interuption in transmission of the refluxes

5.  Health history
 Physical examination
 MRI scan
 CT scan
 Blood routine investigations

6.  Speech therapy
 Occupational therapy
 Relaxation therapy
 Diversion therapy

7.  Anti biotics
 Pain killers
 Corticosteroids