Calcium, iron, iodine, and magnesium are important minerals that regulate various bodily functions. Calcium forms bones and teeth and controls heart, blood, and nerve actions. Iron activates blood to carry oxygen throughout the body as part of hemoglobin. Iodine regulates temperature and is necessary for mental development and hair color. Magnesium aids in bone and tooth formation and allows for muscle contraction. A deficiency in any of these minerals can lead to issues like anemia, goiter, stunted growth, or physical retardation.