Minerals
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Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a definite chemical composition and orderly atomic arrangement. They typically form crystals with a regular repeating pattern of atoms and break along parallel planes or into specific geometric shapes. Minerals can have a metallic or nonmetallic luster depending on their crystal structure and composition.
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Concept Map Answers
Great heat and great pressure transforms sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks. Complete melting and cooling transforms sedimentary rocks into igneous rocks. The statement that is not true about the rock cycle is that there is only one way for rocks to go through the rock cycle, as any rock type can become any other type of rock through the various processes in the rock cycle.
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The document is a multiple choice quiz about different types of rocks. Question 1 is about sedimentary rocks, which form from compressed or cemented deposits. Question 2 is about metamorphic rocks, which form from great heat and pressure. Question 3 is about igneous rocks, which form from cooled and hardened magma or lava. Question 4 asks about metamorphic rocks again, stating they often form deep in the earth's crust.
Rock Cycle
Metamorphic rocks form deep within the Earth under conditions of great heat and pressure, partially melting existing rocks like igneous or sedimentary stone. Metamorphic rocks can contain fossils from their original parent rock and form in place from the alteration of other types of rock under high temperature and pressure conditions within the Earth's crust. Common examples include marble.
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The document discusses different types of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. It states that sandstone forms from cementation, conglomerate forms from compaction, coal forms from organic material, and limestone forms from organic material or liquid solutions. Sedimentary rocks can contain fossils. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing changes from heat and pressure, and examples given are shale transforming to slate and limestone transforming to marble.
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This document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It explains that igneous rocks form from cooled magma and have large crystals if they cool slowly, small crystals if they cool fast, and no crystals if they cool extremely fast. Sedimentary rocks form from pieces of other rocks, once-living things, or liquid solutions that harden over time. Metamorphic rocks form from intense heat or pressure that transforms existing rocks.
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The document discusses properties of minerals including that minerals are inorganic, have crystal structures, and can be identified by properties like hardness, streak, cleavage, and crystal form. Halite is identified as having cubic crystal formation and displaying fracture when it breaks.
Concept Map
1. The document discusses theories of Earth's formation and structure, including the solar nebular theory, continental drift theory, and plate tectonics.
2. It explains that Earth has different layers including the inner and outer core, mantle, and crust. The crust is broken into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle and gravity.
3. The document also covers earthquakes, describing primary and secondary waves, focal points, and locations being determined through trilateration. Earthquakes commonly occur at plate boundaries like the Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are also discussed in relation to plate tectonics.
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States of Matter and physical and chemical changes
States of Matter and physical and chemical changes
Minerals
- 1. Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic solids With definite chemical composition Orderly atomic arrangement
- 3. Minerals Cleavage: Tendency to break along parallel planes Or into specific geometric shapes