Australia's mandatory detention regime for asylum seekers who come by boat has been widely and justifiably condemned. This is a lecture delivered on 20 August 2011 at the annual conference of the Australia and New Zealand Association of psychiatry, Psychology and Law.
The document discusses challenges facing refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It notes that KRI hosts over 1 million IDPs and 250,000 refugees, most living in urban areas alongside local communities. The national policy of Iraq aims to find durable solutions for displaced populations through voluntary repatriation, local integration, or resettlement. The KRI government coordinates with UN agencies and NGOs to provide emergency response and ensure rights to protection, food, shelter, health, education and other services for refugees and IDPs. However, challenges remain around financial constraints, limited resources, and sustaining services.
The document discusses asylum seekers, refugees, and the resettlement process. It provides definitions of asylum seekers and refugees, explains that resettlement is a voluntary UNHCR program, and notes that less than 1% of refugees globally are resettled each year. It also outlines Australia's annual refugee quota and summarizes some of the services refugees receive upon resettlement in Australia as well as research findings on the long-term economic and social contributions of refugees. Famous individuals who were once refugees are also listed.
This document discusses human rights for refugees and provides information about refugee laws and conventions. It begins with an introduction defining what constitutes a refugee under international law. It then discusses the objectives of refugee camps, including providing protection and assistance to refugees. Finally, it concludes that while there are international conventions regarding refugees, the issue still poses many challenges and there is a need for India to establish its own refugee laws to better protect and support refugees within its borders.
The IDC has now launched its handbook, the first-ever guide, aimed at preventing unnecessary immigration detention globally & outlining good practice examples of alternatives to detention from around the world. This comes as governments increasingly use immigration detention as a migration management tool with refugees, asylum seekers and migrants often detained for prolonged periods, in conditions below international standards, which deny basic human rights.
This document discusses human rights issues related to asylum seekers, using Qatar and Australia as case studies. It provides background on human rights declarations and protections for refugees. Specifically, it outlines concerns with Qatar's human rights record around punishments, women's testimony, and prohibitions. It also summarizes Australia's history with mandatory detention laws for asylum seekers and differences between refugees, internally displaced people, and asylum seekers. The rights of child asylum seekers are discussed in relation to international conventions.
This document summarizes the key differences between old media and new media. Old media refers to traditional mass communication forms like books, newspapers, radio, and television that are produced and distributed by large organizations. New media emerged with digital technologies and allows for user-generated content where individuals can produce and share content worldwide for little to no cost by posting videos, statuses, or other information online through platforms. While some newspaper corporations have adapted by also providing online content, new media has fundamentally changed media production and consumption.
The document discusses challenges facing refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It notes that KRI hosts over 1 million IDPs and 250,000 refugees, most living in urban areas alongside local communities. The national policy of Iraq aims to find durable solutions for displaced populations through voluntary repatriation, local integration, or resettlement. The KRI government coordinates with UN agencies and NGOs to provide emergency response and ensure rights to protection, food, shelter, health, education and other services for refugees and IDPs. However, challenges remain around financial constraints, limited resources, and sustaining services.
The document discusses asylum seekers, refugees, and the resettlement process. It provides definitions of asylum seekers and refugees, explains that resettlement is a voluntary UNHCR program, and notes that less than 1% of refugees globally are resettled each year. It also outlines Australia's annual refugee quota and summarizes some of the services refugees receive upon resettlement in Australia as well as research findings on the long-term economic and social contributions of refugees. Famous individuals who were once refugees are also listed.
This document discusses human rights for refugees and provides information about refugee laws and conventions. It begins with an introduction defining what constitutes a refugee under international law. It then discusses the objectives of refugee camps, including providing protection and assistance to refugees. Finally, it concludes that while there are international conventions regarding refugees, the issue still poses many challenges and there is a need for India to establish its own refugee laws to better protect and support refugees within its borders.
The IDC has now launched its handbook, the first-ever guide, aimed at preventing unnecessary immigration detention globally & outlining good practice examples of alternatives to detention from around the world. This comes as governments increasingly use immigration detention as a migration management tool with refugees, asylum seekers and migrants often detained for prolonged periods, in conditions below international standards, which deny basic human rights.
This document discusses human rights issues related to asylum seekers, using Qatar and Australia as case studies. It provides background on human rights declarations and protections for refugees. Specifically, it outlines concerns with Qatar's human rights record around punishments, women's testimony, and prohibitions. It also summarizes Australia's history with mandatory detention laws for asylum seekers and differences between refugees, internally displaced people, and asylum seekers. The rights of child asylum seekers are discussed in relation to international conventions.
This document summarizes the key differences between old media and new media. Old media refers to traditional mass communication forms like books, newspapers, radio, and television that are produced and distributed by large organizations. New media emerged with digital technologies and allows for user-generated content where individuals can produce and share content worldwide for little to no cost by posting videos, statuses, or other information online through platforms. While some newspaper corporations have adapted by also providing online content, new media has fundamentally changed media production and consumption.
The document discusses Australian policy on asylum seekers and mandatory detention. It outlines that Australian law requires the detention of all non-citizens without a valid visa, including asylum seekers who arrive without proper documentation. However, mandatory detention policies have been criticized for violating human rights and inflicting physical and mental health problems on detainees due to long detention periods. The document also examines different theories on refugee migration and the definition of refugees under international law.
Australia has a long history of accepting refugees for resettlement, with over 700,000 refugees settling in Australia since 1945. As a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention, Australia must ensure people who meet the refugee definition are not returned to countries where they would face threats, through the principle of non-refoulement. In Malaysia, where there is no legal framework for refugees, UNHCR strives to meet protection challenges and will continue advocating for a more favorable environment, though refugees currently lack access to services and face risks of arrest and deportation.
The document discusses refugee community organizations (RCOs) in the UK and their roles and challenges. It notes that RCOs provide cultural, emotional and practical support to refugees, helping with integration. However, RCOs face challenges like limited funding, language barriers, and lack of understanding from funders about their work and refugee issues. The Basis Project aims to build the capacity of RCOs through training and support.
The Australian government has excised several islands from its migration zone since 2001 in order to deter unauthorized boat arrivals. People who arrive at these excised offshore places have no right to apply for an Australian visa and can be expelled to another country. This policy aims to protect and control Australia's borders but has been criticized by refugee advocates as it treats asylum seekers differently based on their mode of arrival and bars them from the usual refugee status determination process. Mandatory detention of unauthorized arrivals in Australia has been ongoing policy since 1992 but has faced legal challenges and criticism for potentially breaching human rights.
This document provides background information on international refugee law and asylum policies in the UK. It defines an asylum seeker and notes that over 5 million people have sought asylum in Western countries since the 1980s. The key international legal framework is the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. The document outlines the UK's asylum laws and policies over time, including the role of organizations like UNHCR and the Refugee Council in providing guidance and legal interventions. It also presents statistics on global refugee numbers and asylum applications to various countries.
Refugee survey quarterly 2013-fozdar-rsq hdt009Gracie 宁宁 Liu
This document provides an overview of refugee resettlement in Australia based on research over the last 15 years. It discusses that Australia accepts around 14,000 refugees annually through the UNHCR program and provides settlement services to assist with employment, education, housing, language, health and social support. However, research has found some key barriers to social inclusion that could be improved through policy changes. The document outlines dimensions of refugee settlement that have been studied, including economic, social, health and spatial factors, and calls for further research in some areas.
This document outlines a research study on the discourses that affect perceptions of asylum seekers in Australia. It discusses Australia's history of strict immigration policies and the "White Australia" policy. It also examines common myths and stereotypes that contribute to negative views of asylum seekers, such as the ideas that they are "queue jumpers" or do not have valid reasons for seeking asylum. The study aims to understand the criteria for granting asylum in Australia and the potential political disadvantages of accepting more asylum seekers. It describes the methodology used, including analyzing data on asylum trends and consulting with communities affected by public discourse on the issue.
The issue of asylum is arguably one of the most politicised in Australia and elsewhere. Critics argue for a strict distinction between legal and illegal immigration, while supporters of the right to asylum highlight human rights abuses, war, and starvation as legitimate reasons for benevolence. States over the last two decades have increased the policing of borders, detention and deportation of would-be refugees. We shall examine the various approaches to the debate situating it within a view on globalization that highlights the apparently unstoppable flow of humans and the possible futility of borders in a transnational age defined by risk, uncertainty and the human instinct for survival.
This document discusses queering the heteronormative and cisnormative space of aged care in Australia to be more inclusive of LGBTQ individuals. It provides context on recent aged care reforms, the current religious influence on many service providers, and workforce demographics. It then outlines efforts to increase inclusion through the national LGBTQ aging strategy, training resources, and the Outrageous Ageing project. The goal is to improve access, services and advocacy for LGBTQ elders.
Here are the key points about culture and diversity:
- Culture refers to the beliefs, values, traditions and behaviors that are shared by a group of people. It encompasses aspects like language, religion, cuisine, arts, and customs.
- Diversity recognizes the presence of differences within a society in terms of things like race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other attributes.
- A diverse society is one that values and respects these differences in individuals and groups. It promotes inclusion and equal treatment without discrimination.
- Cultural diversity is increasing in many countries due to factors like globalization, immigration and multicultural policies. Australia is a prime example,
The document provides an overview of international laws, conventions, and agencies related to refugees and asylum seekers. It discusses key terms like refugees, asylum seekers, people smuggling, and trafficking. It also summarizes UNHCR's mandate to protect and assist refugees, and outlines some of the major refugee crises and camps currently being addressed by UNHCR around the world. Finally, it discusses Australia's policies and processes for assessing asylum applications and detaining unauthorized arrivals.
This document discusses refugee rights and policies in Australia. It provides background on the large number of refugees internationally and different country approaches. It then examines Australia's strict policies toward refugees and asylum seekers, including mandatory detention policies. While Australia claims the right to control its borders for security and financial reasons, critics argue these policies violate international law, are inhumane, and ineffective as a deterrent. The document explores representations of refugees as "illegal" or threats and how this influences policy debates.
Hello guys! I hope you all are doing well. I am an undergraduate student at Karakoram International University. My topic is about migration refugees and human rights. I hope will get content according to your subject matter...
The document discusses refugees and forced displacement worldwide. It notes that in 2015 there were 65.3 million forcibly displaced people, including 21.3 million refugees. The top three source countries of refugees were Syria, Afghanistan, and South Sudan. Most refugees are hosted in Turkey, Pakistan, Lebanon, Iran, Ethiopia, and Jordan. The document also provides statistics on stateless people and averages of people forced to flee daily.
This document provides an overview of migration trends and data for Leeds. It summarizes statistics on arrivals to Leeds by country of origin over time. It also discusses programs to support migrants, including refugees resettling in Leeds from Syria. Challenges migrants may face are outlined, as well as opportunities migration brings. Resources are listed to help services support migrants.
Evidence-Based Care of Your Immigrant & Refugee Patientsnatalielovesey
This document summarizes a presentation on providing evidence-based care to immigrant and refugee patients. It begins with definitions of immigrants and refugees, then discusses their health statuses and health coverage options. Key populations in London, Ontario are discussed, including Iraqi and Bhutanese refugees. The presentation outlines important considerations for primary care providers in screening and caring for refugee patients, including using interpreters and assessing for infectious diseases and mental health. Guidelines and online checklists are provided to guide clinical evaluations.
Christian persecution in Islamic countries has intensified, with alarming incidents of violence, discrimination, and intolerance. This article highlights recent attacks in Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq, exposing the multifaceted challenges faced by Christian communities. Despite the severity of these atrocities, the Western world's response remains muted due to political, economic, and social considerations. The urgent need for international intervention is underscored, emphasizing that without substantial support, the future of Christianity in these regions is at grave risk.
https://ecspe.org/the-rise-of-christian-persecution-in-islamic-countries/
Slide deck with charts from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive exploration of news consumption habits around the world, based on survey data from more than 95,000 respondents across 47 countries.
केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
The document discusses Australian policy on asylum seekers and mandatory detention. It outlines that Australian law requires the detention of all non-citizens without a valid visa, including asylum seekers who arrive without proper documentation. However, mandatory detention policies have been criticized for violating human rights and inflicting physical and mental health problems on detainees due to long detention periods. The document also examines different theories on refugee migration and the definition of refugees under international law.
Australia has a long history of accepting refugees for resettlement, with over 700,000 refugees settling in Australia since 1945. As a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention, Australia must ensure people who meet the refugee definition are not returned to countries where they would face threats, through the principle of non-refoulement. In Malaysia, where there is no legal framework for refugees, UNHCR strives to meet protection challenges and will continue advocating for a more favorable environment, though refugees currently lack access to services and face risks of arrest and deportation.
The document discusses refugee community organizations (RCOs) in the UK and their roles and challenges. It notes that RCOs provide cultural, emotional and practical support to refugees, helping with integration. However, RCOs face challenges like limited funding, language barriers, and lack of understanding from funders about their work and refugee issues. The Basis Project aims to build the capacity of RCOs through training and support.
The Australian government has excised several islands from its migration zone since 2001 in order to deter unauthorized boat arrivals. People who arrive at these excised offshore places have no right to apply for an Australian visa and can be expelled to another country. This policy aims to protect and control Australia's borders but has been criticized by refugee advocates as it treats asylum seekers differently based on their mode of arrival and bars them from the usual refugee status determination process. Mandatory detention of unauthorized arrivals in Australia has been ongoing policy since 1992 but has faced legal challenges and criticism for potentially breaching human rights.
This document provides background information on international refugee law and asylum policies in the UK. It defines an asylum seeker and notes that over 5 million people have sought asylum in Western countries since the 1980s. The key international legal framework is the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. The document outlines the UK's asylum laws and policies over time, including the role of organizations like UNHCR and the Refugee Council in providing guidance and legal interventions. It also presents statistics on global refugee numbers and asylum applications to various countries.
Refugee survey quarterly 2013-fozdar-rsq hdt009Gracie 宁宁 Liu
This document provides an overview of refugee resettlement in Australia based on research over the last 15 years. It discusses that Australia accepts around 14,000 refugees annually through the UNHCR program and provides settlement services to assist with employment, education, housing, language, health and social support. However, research has found some key barriers to social inclusion that could be improved through policy changes. The document outlines dimensions of refugee settlement that have been studied, including economic, social, health and spatial factors, and calls for further research in some areas.
This document outlines a research study on the discourses that affect perceptions of asylum seekers in Australia. It discusses Australia's history of strict immigration policies and the "White Australia" policy. It also examines common myths and stereotypes that contribute to negative views of asylum seekers, such as the ideas that they are "queue jumpers" or do not have valid reasons for seeking asylum. The study aims to understand the criteria for granting asylum in Australia and the potential political disadvantages of accepting more asylum seekers. It describes the methodology used, including analyzing data on asylum trends and consulting with communities affected by public discourse on the issue.
The issue of asylum is arguably one of the most politicised in Australia and elsewhere. Critics argue for a strict distinction between legal and illegal immigration, while supporters of the right to asylum highlight human rights abuses, war, and starvation as legitimate reasons for benevolence. States over the last two decades have increased the policing of borders, detention and deportation of would-be refugees. We shall examine the various approaches to the debate situating it within a view on globalization that highlights the apparently unstoppable flow of humans and the possible futility of borders in a transnational age defined by risk, uncertainty and the human instinct for survival.
This document discusses queering the heteronormative and cisnormative space of aged care in Australia to be more inclusive of LGBTQ individuals. It provides context on recent aged care reforms, the current religious influence on many service providers, and workforce demographics. It then outlines efforts to increase inclusion through the national LGBTQ aging strategy, training resources, and the Outrageous Ageing project. The goal is to improve access, services and advocacy for LGBTQ elders.
Here are the key points about culture and diversity:
- Culture refers to the beliefs, values, traditions and behaviors that are shared by a group of people. It encompasses aspects like language, religion, cuisine, arts, and customs.
- Diversity recognizes the presence of differences within a society in terms of things like race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other attributes.
- A diverse society is one that values and respects these differences in individuals and groups. It promotes inclusion and equal treatment without discrimination.
- Cultural diversity is increasing in many countries due to factors like globalization, immigration and multicultural policies. Australia is a prime example,
The document provides an overview of international laws, conventions, and agencies related to refugees and asylum seekers. It discusses key terms like refugees, asylum seekers, people smuggling, and trafficking. It also summarizes UNHCR's mandate to protect and assist refugees, and outlines some of the major refugee crises and camps currently being addressed by UNHCR around the world. Finally, it discusses Australia's policies and processes for assessing asylum applications and detaining unauthorized arrivals.
This document discusses refugee rights and policies in Australia. It provides background on the large number of refugees internationally and different country approaches. It then examines Australia's strict policies toward refugees and asylum seekers, including mandatory detention policies. While Australia claims the right to control its borders for security and financial reasons, critics argue these policies violate international law, are inhumane, and ineffective as a deterrent. The document explores representations of refugees as "illegal" or threats and how this influences policy debates.
Hello guys! I hope you all are doing well. I am an undergraduate student at Karakoram International University. My topic is about migration refugees and human rights. I hope will get content according to your subject matter...
The document discusses refugees and forced displacement worldwide. It notes that in 2015 there were 65.3 million forcibly displaced people, including 21.3 million refugees. The top three source countries of refugees were Syria, Afghanistan, and South Sudan. Most refugees are hosted in Turkey, Pakistan, Lebanon, Iran, Ethiopia, and Jordan. The document also provides statistics on stateless people and averages of people forced to flee daily.
This document provides an overview of migration trends and data for Leeds. It summarizes statistics on arrivals to Leeds by country of origin over time. It also discusses programs to support migrants, including refugees resettling in Leeds from Syria. Challenges migrants may face are outlined, as well as opportunities migration brings. Resources are listed to help services support migrants.
Evidence-Based Care of Your Immigrant & Refugee Patientsnatalielovesey
This document summarizes a presentation on providing evidence-based care to immigrant and refugee patients. It begins with definitions of immigrants and refugees, then discusses their health statuses and health coverage options. Key populations in London, Ontario are discussed, including Iraqi and Bhutanese refugees. The presentation outlines important considerations for primary care providers in screening and caring for refugee patients, including using interpreters and assessing for infectious diseases and mental health. Guidelines and online checklists are provided to guide clinical evaluations.
Christian persecution in Islamic countries has intensified, with alarming incidents of violence, discrimination, and intolerance. This article highlights recent attacks in Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq, exposing the multifaceted challenges faced by Christian communities. Despite the severity of these atrocities, the Western world's response remains muted due to political, economic, and social considerations. The urgent need for international intervention is underscored, emphasizing that without substantial support, the future of Christianity in these regions is at grave risk.
https://ecspe.org/the-rise-of-christian-persecution-in-islamic-countries/
Slide deck with charts from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive exploration of news consumption habits around the world, based on survey data from more than 95,000 respondents across 47 countries.
केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
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12062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
17062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
18062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
ग्रेटर मुंबई के नगर आयुक्त को एक खुले पत्र में याचिका दायर कर 540 से अधिक मुंबईकरों ने सभी अवैध और अस्थिर होर्डिंग्स, साइनबोर्ड और इलेक्ट्रिक साइनेज को तत्काल हटाने और 13 मई, 2024 की शाम को घाटकोपर में अवैध होर्डिंग के गिरने की विनाशकारी घटना के बाद अपराधियों के खिलाफ सख्त कार्रवाई की मांग की है, जिसमें 17 लोगों की जान चली गई और कई निर्दोष लोग गंभीर रूप से घायल हो गए।
1. A tale of two
Pacific Solutions
Harry Minas
Centre for International Mental Health
Melbourne School of Population Health
Delivered at:
Winter Symposium: Young People and State Intervention
Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Law (VIC)
Mercure Ballarat Hotel & Convention Centre, Ballarat
20 August 2011
2. Outline
Refugees and asylum seekers
Impact of detention on mental health
Mandatory detention
The 1st Pacific Solution
The 2nd ‘Pacific Solution’
Where to next?
4. Definition of a Refugee
A refugee is someone whom:
Owing to a well founded fear of being persecuted for
reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a
particular social group or political opinion, is outside the
country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such
fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that
country
or
Who, not having a nationality and being outside the
country of his former habitual residence, is unable or
owing to such fear is unwilling to return to it
(UNHCR Convention on Refugees 1951)
5. Refugees and asylum seekers
In 2009 15.2 million refugees globally – most in
developing countries
Many more internally displaced persons &
‘persons of interest’
983,000 asylum seekers
Women and girls constitute - 47%
Children below 18 years - 41%
UNHCR
Australia takes about 14,000 refugees per
year
6. Australia s International Obligations
Australia
was
one
of
the
24
countries
that
par4cipated
in
the
conference
in
Geneva
in
July
1951
that
dra=ed
and
unanimously
adopted
the
Conven4on
Rela4ng
to
the
Status
of
Refugees
Among
the
first
signatories
of
the
1951
Conven4on
-‐
the
6th
state
to
sign
in
January
1954
-‐
and
of
the
1967
Protocol
on
the
status
of
refugees
Australia
re-‐affirmed
its
commitment
to
the
Conven4on
and
Protocol
at
a
Ministerial
Mee4ng
in
Geneva
in
December
2001
The
refugee
Conven4on
is
the
founda4on
of
of
the
interna4onal
system
of
refugee
protec4on
a
human
rights
instrument
with
legal,
poli4cal
and
ethical
significance
that
goes
well
beyond
its
specific
terms
7. Australia: Human rights leader
In the past 50 years >700,000 refugees re-settled in
Australia
Australia has been
A leader in protecting the human rights of refugees
Among the most generous refugee resettlement countries
in terms of:
the number per capita of refugees resettled and
in the quality of resettlement programs
Australia s resettlement programs for refugees with
Permanent Protection Visas are still among the best
internationally
although there is considerable room for improvement in the
quality & accessibility of mental health and other services
9. Reports: 2007-2010
1. Commonwealth Ombudsman, Notification of decisions and review rights for unsuccessful visa applications, Report no. 15 of 2007, 2007.
2. Proust E, Report to the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship on the Appropriate Use of Ministerial Powers under the Migration and Citizenship Acts
and Migration Regulations, 2008.
3. Refugee Council of Australia, Australia’s refugee and humanitarian program:1.
Community views on current challenges and future directions, Sydney,
2008.
4. Commonwealth Ombudsman, Administration of detention debt waiver and write‐off, Report no. 2 of 2008, 2008.
5. Refugee Council of Australia, Who bears the cost of Australia’s Special Humanitarian Program?, Sydney, 2008.
6. Commonwealth Ombudsman, The Safeguards System, Report no. 7 of 2008, 2008.
7. Australian Citizenship Test Review Committee, Moving forward...Improving Pathways to Citizenship, Canberra, 2008.
8. Refugee Review Tribunal, Guidance on the assessment of credibility, Sydney, 2008.
9. Simon K, Asylum Seekers, Briefing paper no. 13 of 2008, NSW Parliamentary Library Service, Sydney, 2008.
10. AHRC, Immigration detention and visa cancellation under section 501 of the Migration Act, Sydney, 2009.
11. AHRC, Complaints by immigration detainees against the Commonwealth of Australia, Report No. 40, Sydney, 2009.
12. Commonwealth Ombudsman, Use of Interpreters: AFP, Centrelink, DEEWR, DIAC, Report No. 3 of 2009, 2009.
13. Commonwealth Ombudsman, Detention arrangements: the case of Mr W, 2009.
14. Spinks H, Australia’s settlement services for migrants and refugees, Research paper, no. 29, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2009.
15. Kent L and Abu‐Duhou J The Search for Protection: Resettled refugees reflect on seeking asylum in Asia and the Middle East, Refugee Council of
Australia, 2009.
16. Refugee Review Tribunal, Guidance on vulnerable persons, Sydney, 2009.
17. DIAC, Refugee and Humanitarian Issues: Australia’s Response, 2009.
18. Commonwealth Ombudsman DIAC: Invalid Visa Applications, Report No. 10 of 2009, 2009.
19. Spinks H, Refugees and asylum seekers: a guide to key electronic resources, Background note, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2009.
20. Brennan F, Kostakidis M, Williams T and Palmer M, National Human Rights Consultation Report, Canberra, 2009.
21. Karlsen E, Complementary protection for asylum seekers ‐ overview of the international and Australian legal frameworks, Research paper no. 7,
Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2009.
22. Taylor J, Behind Australian Doors: Examining the Conditions of Detention of Asylum Seekers in Indonesia, 2009.
23. Refugee Council of Australia, Family reunion and Australia’s Refugee and Humanitarian Program: A discussion paper, Sydney, 2009.
24. Buckmaster L, Australian government assistance to refugees: fact v fiction, Background note, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2009.
25. Green J and Eagar K, The health of people in Australian immigration detention centres, Medical Journal of Australia, 2010, 192 (2).
26. Phillips J, Asylum seekers and refugees: what are the facts?, Background note, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2010.
27. Phillips J and Spinks H, Boat arrivals in Australia since 1976, Background note, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2010.
28. Karlsen E, Phillips J and Koleth E, Seeking Asylum: Australia’s humanitarian response to a global challenge, Background note, Parliamentary Library,
Canberra, 2010.
29. Refugee Council of Australia, Refugee policy in the 2010 federal election campaign: What the parties are saying, Sydney 2010.
10. Mental Health: Detention
Prolonged immigration detention damages
mental health
The manifestations of such harm include depression,
anxiety, self-harm, suicide attempts and a number of
suicides.
Particularly vulnerable to such harm are people who
have been traumatised in their own countries and
most in need of our protection.
Also vulnerable are children and adolescents, who
suffer developmental distortions and delays, as well
as psychological disorders.
This harm is likely to be long-term.
11. Mental Health: Vilification
The harm caused by detention and the
temporary protection visa regime has been
exacerbated by the systematic and sustained
vilification to which asylum seekers have been
subjected.
Asylum seekers have been systematically
portrayed as queue jumpers, and therefore
undeserving of our protection, and as
representing a risk to national security.
12. Detention Centres: January-June 2011
1,507 hospital admissions
72 psychiatric inpatient admissions
213 episodes of self-harm needing medical
attention
723 voluntary starvation needing medical
attention
Riots and general disorder
264 criminal incidents reported to police
14. Mandatory detention
Mandatory detention introduced -1991
Temporary protection visas - 1999
TPVs were introduced “as a disincentive to
unauthorised arrival…”
TPV holders, unlike permanent protection visa
holders
had no right of return if they left Australia
no automatic right to family reunion
limited access to welfare and settlement
services
Tampa and the Pacific Solution – 2001
15. Labor Opposition Policy - 2002
‘The Howard Government’s ‘Pacific Solution’ has cost
more than half a billion dollars to date and is budgeted to
cost more than half a billion more in the next four years.
Despite wasting more than a billion dollars and despite
the Howard Government’s claims that none of these
asylum seekers will set foot on Australian soil, 312 have
already been resettled in Australia with more on the way.
The Howard Government now says that the only reason
for the ‘Pacific Solution’ is to prevent asylum seekers
from gaining access to the more favourable processing
system in Australia.’
Crean & Gillard: ‘Protecting Australia and protecting the Australian way’
December 2002
16. Labor Opposition Policy - 2002
‘The ‘Pacific Solution’ is not just costly, it is a
short term ad hoc strategy. Does anyone really
believe Australia will be detaining asylum
seekers on Nauru in 10, 20 or 50 years?’
Labor’s 2002 policy committed Labor to ‘ending
the so-called “Pacific Solution”, because it is
costly, unsustainable and wrong as a matter
of principle’.
Crean & Gillard: ‘Protecting Australia and protecting the
Australian way’ December 2002
17. UNHCR 2002
‘Of concern to UNHCR in the cases of Nauru and Manus
Island, is that refugees who have been recognized and
therefore have had their status regularised remain detained
until a durable solution is found. This detention is without time
limits or periodic review. The ongoing detention of persons
recognized as refugees is a restriction of freedom of
movement in breach of Article 26 of the 1951 Convention.
Furthermore, such detention is not consistent with Article 31
(2) of the Refugee Convention, which provides that
restrictions of freedom of movement shall only be applied until
the status of refugees in the country is regularised. Even
though these recognised refugees are no longer on Australia's
territory, Australia's obligations under the Refugee Convention
continue to be engaged until a durable solution is found.’
18. Detention
85-90% of boat arrivals in immigration detention
centres have been found to be refugees.
This proportion has declined in the past year or
two.
When we are considering detention of asylum
seekers it is essentially detention of refugees
19. Immigration Minister
Introduction of the Detention Values statement - 2008
‘The Rudd Government is proud of its reforms in
abolishing temporary protection visas, closing the so-
called Pacific Solution, introducing decent values to
detention policy, providing independent review of
negative asylum decisions and abolishing detention
debt. They reflect values of fairness, respect and
decency in dealing with asylum seekers not a weakening
of border security’.
Senator Evans, late 2010
20. Immigration Minister 2010
‘The contemporary debate in Australia has been
characterized by a narrow focus on domestic
policy and a return to demands for simplistic and
punitive policy responses, with no regard to
evidence of likely success.’
Chris Evans, late 2010
Senator Evans criticised the Howard
Government for ‘the outsourcing of Australia’s
international obligations with the
establishment of the Offshore Processing
Centres at Nauru and Manus Island’.
21. Gillard PM
Despite the introduction of the 2008 ‘Detention Values’,
soon after becoming prime minister Ms Gillard
Committed Labor to offshore processing.
Fully adopted the Opposition position that people
smugglers must be denied ‘a product to sell’
Announced a new policy framework ‘to ensure people
smugglers have nothing to sell’ - a ‘regional
processing centre’ in East Timor.
Gillard: ‘The purpose would be to ensure that people
smugglers have no product to sell. Arriving by boat would
just be a ticket back to the regional processing centre.’
When asked about Ms Gillard’s plan the prime minister
of East Timor, Xanana Gusmao, replied: ‘What plan?’
23. Secretary’s Questions
Joint Select Committee on Australia’s Immigration Detention Network
How should we manage the issue of asylum?
What is the balance between our international obligations to
protect refugees and our need for strong border controls?
Can we manage different cohorts, with different success rates
or security and risk features, in different ways?
How do we manage reception… and our detention network?
Is immigration detention a deterrent?
Does immigration detention facilitate case resolution?
What range of facilities should be utilised?
For how long is an immigration arrival and status
determination process in a detention centre environment
required?
24. Border protection
The use of the term border protection suggests
that it is we who need protection from refugees,
rather than they who engage our protection
obligations
Has the government been aware of the mental
health and other harms done by the detention
and temporary protection visa regime?
Yes, but clear and persistent advice has been
comprehensively ignored
25. Re-traumatisation is OK
A disturbing element of the re-traumatisation of
already vulnerable people – by systematic
vilification, prolonged detention and the agony of
temporary protection – is that it is knowingly
done in pursuit of the policy objective of border
protection.
In Australia it has become legitimate to
systematically mistreat one group of people in
order to influence the behaviour of another.
It is also disturbing that that such mistreatment
has been presented in a way that wins the
approval of the majority of the population.
26. Pacific
Solu+on
2
The fate of the ‘Malaysia solution’ is unknown -
dependent on the High Court
The Gillard government signed an agreement
yesterday with the PNG government to re-open
Manus Island
27. Population Survey August 2011
Boat arrivals should be:
Allowed to land and claims assessed in Aus – 53%
Sent to another country to assess claims – 28%
Sent back out to sea – 15%
Boat arrivals should be:
Held in detention – 64%
Allowed to live in the community – 32%
‘Genuine’ refugees should be:
Allowed to stay permanently in Aus – 60%
Allowed to stay temporarily until safe to return – 36%
28. The
future
We
are
now
where
we
were
in
2001,
except
we
now
have
a
bipar4san
consensus
We
will
re-‐commence
transporta4on
of
asylum
seekers
The
next
government
Nauru
Temporary
protec4on
visas
???
Other
measures
29. Current Asylum Seeker Policy
The damage inflicted in August 2001 by Coalition
opportunism and Labor weakness has yet to run its course.
Australian Federal Police train in a clearing in the jungle on Christmas Island to handle
any possible trouble with refugees being transported to Malaysia. (Herald, Sun 2/8/2011)