The document discusses the negotiation process in the European Union. It describes the institutions and actors involved, including the European Commission, European Parliament, Council, and member states. It outlines the qualified majority voting system used and thresholds required. It also notes some of the complexities involved in EU negotiations due to different interests among member states.

2. negotiate in an we environment

3. negotiate through a we process

4. negotiate with a we structure

5. community method

7. EUROPEAN COMMISSION EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT COUNCIL LEGISLATIVE ACT

8. COUNCIL COREPER SCA Working groups and special committees Agenda: Points A: Agreement Points B: Negotiation Agenda: Points I: Agreement Points II: Negotiation

9. weighed votes qualified majority qualified majority vote (QMV) demographic verification blocking minority

10. Qualified Majority Voting (QMV) Member States Votes Germany, United Kingdom, France and Italy 29 Spain and Poland 27 Romania 14 Netherlands 13 Greece, Czech Republic, Belgium, Hungary and Portugal 12 Sweden, Austria and Bulgaria 10 Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Lithuania 7 Latvia, Slovenia, Estonia, Cyprus and Luxembourg 4 Malta 3 QMV = 255 Demographic verification = 62% of total EU population Blocking minority = 91 345

11. consensus community

12. presidency agenda setter chair facilitator package broker neutrality

13. commission proposes defends amendment or withdrawal owner of the proposal expertise

14. member states represented members of the council actors leaders and pivotal coalitions

16. Presidency: dual role Commission: proposal and expertise member states cleavages importers vs. producers consumers net contributors supranational vs. intergovernmental

17. communication

18. informal negotiations

23. complexity uncertainty

26. coalitions

29. linkages

32. institutions

35. rules

38. leadership

41. information