This document summarizes a presentation on optimizing quality of life in the treatment of depression. It begins with learning objectives focused on defining quality of life, describing how depression impacts quality of life, and strategies to engage patients regarding quality of life. It then provides background on depression and challenges in treatment. Sections define quality of life, discuss how it differs from functioning, and describe commonly used quality of life measures.
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENTUNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruct.docxpooleavelina
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT
UNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruction:
You are the newly appointed compliance officer for a major medical center in Chicago. One key objective of your compliance plan is to create a secure and effective reporting process so that you can avoid qui tam lawsuits against your hospital. Your goal is to have zero qui tam lawsuits during your tenure as compliance officer. What steps will you take to avoid such lawsuits against your facility?
Your journal entry must be at least 200 words. No references or citations are necessary. SIMPLE SHEET / NO HEAD RUNNING / NOTHING JUST 200 WORDS _____________________________________________________________________________ DO NOT MIXED Part I & PART II. There are two different assignments. Posted separated.
_____________________________________________________________________________
UNIT I Part IV Instructions
You have just been hired as a compliance officer for your healthcare organization, and you have discovered that the food services department of the organization is not in compliance with state food safety regulations for healthcare organizations. The board of directors has requested a report from you and your team that contains an outline of the issues that have been occurring within the food services department that have caused it to become noncompliant, a plan to bring the department into compliance, and a description of how you and your team plan to maintain the department’s compliance in the future.
Your report should cover the following topics:
· a description of the foodborne hazards that have occurred within the healthcare organization that have caused it to become noncompliant,
· why it is important for patient recovery that the food service department maintain food safety and become complaint with state regulations,
· the key elements of your compliance plan, and
· the importance of internal audits and project management in the creation, implementation, and maintenance of the compliance plan.
Your report should consist of at least three pages, not including a title page and reference pages. Please be sure to use APA formatting for all sources, including your textbook. You must use at least three sources, one of which can be your textbook.
Course Textbook(s)
Safian, S. C. (2014). Fundamentals of health care administration. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
for Schizophrenia: Improvement in Functioning and Experiential
Negative Symptoms
Eric Granholm and Jason Holden
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University
of California, San Diego
Peter C. Link
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System
John R. McQuaid
Veterans Affairs San Francisco Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco
Objective: Identifying treatments to improve functioning and reduce negative symptoms in consumers
with schizophrenia is of high publ ...
Measuring the right outcomes in mental healthJohn Brazier
This talk presents the findings of an MRC study on whether the generic health measures of EQ-5D and SF-36 are valid in mental health. It uses mixed methods research (including interviews with service users) to show that these measures miss important ways in which mental health impacts on people's lives. It proposes 7 themes that seem to capture the important domains of recovery for people with mental health problems that provide the basis for a new generic outcome measure for mental health.
N.B. These slides were presented at the 20th Anniversary of the Centre for Mental and Physical Health Economics, 7th November 2013.
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENTUNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruct.docxpooleavelina
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT
UNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruction:
You are the newly appointed compliance officer for a major medical center in Chicago. One key objective of your compliance plan is to create a secure and effective reporting process so that you can avoid qui tam lawsuits against your hospital. Your goal is to have zero qui tam lawsuits during your tenure as compliance officer. What steps will you take to avoid such lawsuits against your facility?
Your journal entry must be at least 200 words. No references or citations are necessary. SIMPLE SHEET / NO HEAD RUNNING / NOTHING JUST 200 WORDS _____________________________________________________________________________ DO NOT MIXED Part I & PART II. There are two different assignments. Posted separated.
_____________________________________________________________________________
UNIT I Part IV Instructions
You have just been hired as a compliance officer for your healthcare organization, and you have discovered that the food services department of the organization is not in compliance with state food safety regulations for healthcare organizations. The board of directors has requested a report from you and your team that contains an outline of the issues that have been occurring within the food services department that have caused it to become noncompliant, a plan to bring the department into compliance, and a description of how you and your team plan to maintain the department’s compliance in the future.
Your report should cover the following topics:
· a description of the foodborne hazards that have occurred within the healthcare organization that have caused it to become noncompliant,
· why it is important for patient recovery that the food service department maintain food safety and become complaint with state regulations,
· the key elements of your compliance plan, and
· the importance of internal audits and project management in the creation, implementation, and maintenance of the compliance plan.
Your report should consist of at least three pages, not including a title page and reference pages. Please be sure to use APA formatting for all sources, including your textbook. You must use at least three sources, one of which can be your textbook.
Course Textbook(s)
Safian, S. C. (2014). Fundamentals of health care administration. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
for Schizophrenia: Improvement in Functioning and Experiential
Negative Symptoms
Eric Granholm and Jason Holden
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University
of California, San Diego
Peter C. Link
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System
John R. McQuaid
Veterans Affairs San Francisco Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco
Objective: Identifying treatments to improve functioning and reduce negative symptoms in consumers
with schizophrenia is of high publ ...
Measuring the right outcomes in mental healthJohn Brazier
This talk presents the findings of an MRC study on whether the generic health measures of EQ-5D and SF-36 are valid in mental health. It uses mixed methods research (including interviews with service users) to show that these measures miss important ways in which mental health impacts on people's lives. It proposes 7 themes that seem to capture the important domains of recovery for people with mental health problems that provide the basis for a new generic outcome measure for mental health.
N.B. These slides were presented at the 20th Anniversary of the Centre for Mental and Physical Health Economics, 7th November 2013.
Conceptualization for tablet application for aged population, to help improve and maintain a healthy morale and mental state.
#Design #UX #User Experience #Aged Population # Old Age #Mental Health #Health
Fseap - mental health in the workplace presentationGregg Taylor
Addressing and Managing Mental Health and Stress-Related Issues.
Topics:
Mental Health & Stress Defined
Why Invest in Health & Wellness?
Effects of Unhealthy Workplaces
Elements of a Psychologically Healthy Workplace
Promoting Positive Psychological Health in the Workplace
Identifying Key Factors for Psychological safety at work
Resources
Due Facilitating group to post by Day 1; all other students post AlyciaGold776
Due: Facilitating group to post by Day 1; all other students post to discussion prompt by Day 4 and one other peer initial discussion prompt post by Day 7
Initial Post: Created by Facilitating Group ( I am not in the facilitating group)
This is a student-led discussion.
· The facilitating group should choose one member from their group who will be responsible for the initial post.
· On Day 1 of this week, the chosen group member will create an initial post that is to include the group's discussion prompts, resources, and the instructions for what your classmates are to do with the resources.
· During this week, each member of your group is to participate in the facilitation of the discussion. This means making certain that everyone is engaged, questions from students are being answered, and the discussion is expanding.
· It is the expectation that the facilitating group will address all initial peer response posts by Day 7.
Reply Posts: Non-Facilitating Students
· If you are not a member of the facilitating group, you are to post a discussion prompt response according to the facilitating group's instructions by Day 4. Your reply posts should include substantive reflection directed to the presenters.
· You are also expected to respond to at least two other peer's initial discussion prompt posts.
Facilitating Group’s Post (to be replied)
Depression and Somatization Disorders
Barry Lynne, Brittany Stoken, and Jessica Murphy
NU664C: Psychiatric Mental Health Care of the Family I
November 1, 2021
Depression and Somatization Disorders
Hello Class,
Group 1 is assigned Depression and Somatization Disorders to further discuss. Failure to adjust and modify emotions cognitively while experiencing stress can ultimately present an outcome of exaggerated physiological and behavioral responses and amplify susceptibility to somatic disorders, such as somatization (Davoodi, et al., 2019). Somatization Disorder is the presentation of recurrent and multiple somatic complaints of several years duration for which medical attention has been sought but which do not derive from a specific physical disorder (Swartz, Blazer, & George, 2012).
Please respond to the following questions:
1. When caring for a patient with somatization disorder, what therapeutic interventions would you formulate (Allen, Woolfolk, Escobar, Gara, and Hamer, 2006)?
2. How would you evaluate the success of your interventions for a patient living with somatization?
Depression is an extremely serious mood disorder that effects how you think, feel, and act. Symptoms range from mild to severe including, feeling sad, loss of interest or pleasure, change in appetite, trouble sleeping or getting too much sleep, feeling worthless, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide (American Psychiatric Association, 2021). To be diagnosed with depression, symptoms must last at least two weeks and present a change in level of functioning (National Institute of Men ...
AssignmentWrite a Respond to two of these #1&2 case studies.docxnormanibarber20063
Assignment:
Write a Respond to two of these #1&2 case studies using one or more of the following approaches:
Share additional interview and communication techniques that could be effective with your colleague’s selected patient.
Suggest additional health-related risks that might be considered.
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
Each must have at least 2 references no more than 5 years old using APA Format
Response # 1
“The case of physician do not heal thyself”
Three questions I will ask the patient on a visit to my office and rationale thereof.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined as “feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can decrease a person’s ability to function at work and at home” and it is one of the most common reasons patients present for medical care worldwide (McConnell, Carter & Patterson, 2019). Childhood traumatic experiences, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, neglect, and separation from caregivers, they posit significantly increase the risk of developing mental and physical illnesses later in life.
NO .1
Have you had any thoughts of death or suicide before? Are you having them now? And do you have a current plan to harm or kill yourself? What are the details of that plan?
McConnell,et .al, (2019) posit that clients with MDD often presents with feeling sad or depressed; lack of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities; appetite changes (unintentional weight loss or gain); sleep difficulty (too much or little); lack of energy (fatigue); feeling of guiltiness or worthlessness; moving more slowly or pacing (others observe); difficulty with decision-making, concentration, and thinking; and/or suicidal thoughts.
Patient safety remains a central concern in every healthcare setting (Smith,2018). This patient did report several feelings of Suicide Ideation and Homicidal ideation so patients’ safety should be priority. Although the welfare of patients encompasses a broad range of concerns, the increasing prevalence of suicide in our society compels health care workers to ensure a safe healthcare environment for patients with suicidal ideation. These efforts include the elimination or, at least, the mitigation of physical setting characteristics that enable suicide attempts.
No 2.
Are you depressed? How does this problem make you feel? What makes the problem better?
According to DSM-5 (2013) diagnostic criteria, MDD requires five or more of the following symptoms during the same two-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one symptom is either 1) depressed mood or 2) loss of interest or pleasure (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013).
According to the patient’s file, he has experienced five or more of the symptoms of MDD during the same two-week period, on more than one occasion, incl.
Regular practice of yoga promotes strength, endurance, flexibility and facilitates characteristics of friendliness, compassion & self-control. So this study was conducted to find out the effect of yoga on anxiety. This study was conducted on 200 anxiety cases having age range of 18 to 55 years. Hamilton anxiety scale was used to measure the anxiety. These cases were divide into two group randomly i.e. study group and control group. Study group was given certain set of yogic exercise. Both the groups were followed and results were compared where independent variables yoga and dependent variable Anxiety was used. Chi-square, independent t test, was used for data analysis. It was observed that Anxiety was significantly decreased after the yogic intervention (P=0.042S). So it can be concluded that yoga can reduce perceived stress improve well-being even more significantly so its recommend to do yoga regularly.
College of Social Sciences
Master of Science in Counseling
Treatment Plan
Client Name:
Date:
Clinical Placement Student:
Type of service (check one): FORMCHECKBOX
Individual FORMCHECKBOX
Family FORMCHECKBOX
Child FORMCHECKBOX
Couple
1. Target Problem
Specific/Short Term Goals:
Objectives:
Strategies/Interventions to Achieve Goals:
2. Target Problem
Specific/Short Term Goals:
Objectives:
Strategies/Interventions to Achieve Goals:
Monthly Review date: ___________________________________
Client Signature: _______________________________________ Date:
Counseling Student Signature: ____________________________ Date:
Supervisor Signature: ___________________________________ Date:
1
39
42
30
48
35
40
27
25
28
34
33
38
25
34
32
28
42
35
34
37
40
30
31
36
40
45
36
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34
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The following data represents the daily telephone calls received at a call center:
A.- Use five classes and prepare: frequency distribution, histogram, polygon and warhead. What is the form of distribution? Which graph shows the shape of the distribution?
B- Prepare the dot plot and stem and stem diagram for ungrouped data. Compare these two graphs with the histogram and the previously made polygon.
Title
ABC/123 Version X
1
Obsessive Compulsive, Trauma, Psychotic, and Personality Disorders and Psychometrics
CCMH/547 Version 2
1
University of Phoenix MaterialObsessive Compulsive, Trauma, Psychotic, and Personality Disorders and Psychometrics
Complete the following table by choosing four disorders from the DSM-5’s obsessive compulsive, trauma, psychotic, and personality disorders categories. Align your chosen disorders with the psychometric tests that may be used to assess them.
Psychological disorder
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for the psychological disorder
Applicable psychometric test
Description of the psychometric test (50–100 words each)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is present by the following symptoms. Reoccurring thoughts and urges, or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance. Attempts to ignore or stop such thoughts that urges, or images to neutralizes with some other thoughts or actions by a compulsion. Repetitive behaviors e.g. handwashing, ordering, checking (Achim, Maziade, Raymond, et al, 2011).
Brief Obsessive-compulsive Scale (BOCS), a self-rating measure for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which has been around for a couple of decades and is widely used in Sweden. However, to begin an evidence - based assessment is used to rule out any other mental illness. It is stated that “obsessive–compulsive symptoms can be difficult to assess, given that they are often manifested internally, and individuals with OCD may not be inclined to recognize and report symptoms” (Rapp, A., Bergman, ...
Quality of Life Project is a 501c3 based in Santa Barbara, California that was started in 2008, I was started in 2023 #linkedin,#health,#research and #projectmanagement
Mental health is concerned with well-being, positive attitude, life satisfaction and so on. All these may be
influenced by following and practicing integral yoga. The present study was intended to compare mental
health between followers of Sri Aurobindo and others. Sixty adults volunteered for the study. Hundred
followers of Sri Aurobindo from different ashrams and hundred other adult people were considered as
subject for the study. Their mental health was tested with the Mental Health Inventory Questionnaire. All
the responses were then converted into scores following the guidelines. T –test was used to compare the
result. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level. Significant difference was found in General
Positive Affect, Life Satisfaction, Anxiety, Loss of Behavioural / Emotional Control and Mental Health
Index among the followers of Sri Aurobindo.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Conceptualization for tablet application for aged population, to help improve and maintain a healthy morale and mental state.
#Design #UX #User Experience #Aged Population # Old Age #Mental Health #Health
Fseap - mental health in the workplace presentationGregg Taylor
Addressing and Managing Mental Health and Stress-Related Issues.
Topics:
Mental Health & Stress Defined
Why Invest in Health & Wellness?
Effects of Unhealthy Workplaces
Elements of a Psychologically Healthy Workplace
Promoting Positive Psychological Health in the Workplace
Identifying Key Factors for Psychological safety at work
Resources
Due Facilitating group to post by Day 1; all other students post AlyciaGold776
Due: Facilitating group to post by Day 1; all other students post to discussion prompt by Day 4 and one other peer initial discussion prompt post by Day 7
Initial Post: Created by Facilitating Group ( I am not in the facilitating group)
This is a student-led discussion.
· The facilitating group should choose one member from their group who will be responsible for the initial post.
· On Day 1 of this week, the chosen group member will create an initial post that is to include the group's discussion prompts, resources, and the instructions for what your classmates are to do with the resources.
· During this week, each member of your group is to participate in the facilitation of the discussion. This means making certain that everyone is engaged, questions from students are being answered, and the discussion is expanding.
· It is the expectation that the facilitating group will address all initial peer response posts by Day 7.
Reply Posts: Non-Facilitating Students
· If you are not a member of the facilitating group, you are to post a discussion prompt response according to the facilitating group's instructions by Day 4. Your reply posts should include substantive reflection directed to the presenters.
· You are also expected to respond to at least two other peer's initial discussion prompt posts.
Facilitating Group’s Post (to be replied)
Depression and Somatization Disorders
Barry Lynne, Brittany Stoken, and Jessica Murphy
NU664C: Psychiatric Mental Health Care of the Family I
November 1, 2021
Depression and Somatization Disorders
Hello Class,
Group 1 is assigned Depression and Somatization Disorders to further discuss. Failure to adjust and modify emotions cognitively while experiencing stress can ultimately present an outcome of exaggerated physiological and behavioral responses and amplify susceptibility to somatic disorders, such as somatization (Davoodi, et al., 2019). Somatization Disorder is the presentation of recurrent and multiple somatic complaints of several years duration for which medical attention has been sought but which do not derive from a specific physical disorder (Swartz, Blazer, & George, 2012).
Please respond to the following questions:
1. When caring for a patient with somatization disorder, what therapeutic interventions would you formulate (Allen, Woolfolk, Escobar, Gara, and Hamer, 2006)?
2. How would you evaluate the success of your interventions for a patient living with somatization?
Depression is an extremely serious mood disorder that effects how you think, feel, and act. Symptoms range from mild to severe including, feeling sad, loss of interest or pleasure, change in appetite, trouble sleeping or getting too much sleep, feeling worthless, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide (American Psychiatric Association, 2021). To be diagnosed with depression, symptoms must last at least two weeks and present a change in level of functioning (National Institute of Men ...
AssignmentWrite a Respond to two of these #1&2 case studies.docxnormanibarber20063
Assignment:
Write a Respond to two of these #1&2 case studies using one or more of the following approaches:
Share additional interview and communication techniques that could be effective with your colleague’s selected patient.
Suggest additional health-related risks that might be considered.
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
Each must have at least 2 references no more than 5 years old using APA Format
Response # 1
“The case of physician do not heal thyself”
Three questions I will ask the patient on a visit to my office and rationale thereof.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined as “feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can decrease a person’s ability to function at work and at home” and it is one of the most common reasons patients present for medical care worldwide (McConnell, Carter & Patterson, 2019). Childhood traumatic experiences, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, neglect, and separation from caregivers, they posit significantly increase the risk of developing mental and physical illnesses later in life.
NO .1
Have you had any thoughts of death or suicide before? Are you having them now? And do you have a current plan to harm or kill yourself? What are the details of that plan?
McConnell,et .al, (2019) posit that clients with MDD often presents with feeling sad or depressed; lack of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities; appetite changes (unintentional weight loss or gain); sleep difficulty (too much or little); lack of energy (fatigue); feeling of guiltiness or worthlessness; moving more slowly or pacing (others observe); difficulty with decision-making, concentration, and thinking; and/or suicidal thoughts.
Patient safety remains a central concern in every healthcare setting (Smith,2018). This patient did report several feelings of Suicide Ideation and Homicidal ideation so patients’ safety should be priority. Although the welfare of patients encompasses a broad range of concerns, the increasing prevalence of suicide in our society compels health care workers to ensure a safe healthcare environment for patients with suicidal ideation. These efforts include the elimination or, at least, the mitigation of physical setting characteristics that enable suicide attempts.
No 2.
Are you depressed? How does this problem make you feel? What makes the problem better?
According to DSM-5 (2013) diagnostic criteria, MDD requires five or more of the following symptoms during the same two-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one symptom is either 1) depressed mood or 2) loss of interest or pleasure (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013).
According to the patient’s file, he has experienced five or more of the symptoms of MDD during the same two-week period, on more than one occasion, incl.
Regular practice of yoga promotes strength, endurance, flexibility and facilitates characteristics of friendliness, compassion & self-control. So this study was conducted to find out the effect of yoga on anxiety. This study was conducted on 200 anxiety cases having age range of 18 to 55 years. Hamilton anxiety scale was used to measure the anxiety. These cases were divide into two group randomly i.e. study group and control group. Study group was given certain set of yogic exercise. Both the groups were followed and results were compared where independent variables yoga and dependent variable Anxiety was used. Chi-square, independent t test, was used for data analysis. It was observed that Anxiety was significantly decreased after the yogic intervention (P=0.042S). So it can be concluded that yoga can reduce perceived stress improve well-being even more significantly so its recommend to do yoga regularly.
College of Social Sciences
Master of Science in Counseling
Treatment Plan
Client Name:
Date:
Clinical Placement Student:
Type of service (check one): FORMCHECKBOX
Individual FORMCHECKBOX
Family FORMCHECKBOX
Child FORMCHECKBOX
Couple
1. Target Problem
Specific/Short Term Goals:
Objectives:
Strategies/Interventions to Achieve Goals:
2. Target Problem
Specific/Short Term Goals:
Objectives:
Strategies/Interventions to Achieve Goals:
Monthly Review date: ___________________________________
Client Signature: _______________________________________ Date:
Counseling Student Signature: ____________________________ Date:
Supervisor Signature: ___________________________________ Date:
1
39
42
30
48
35
40
27
25
28
34
33
38
25
34
32
28
42
35
34
37
40
30
31
36
40
45
36
41
34
39
The following data represents the daily telephone calls received at a call center:
A.- Use five classes and prepare: frequency distribution, histogram, polygon and warhead. What is the form of distribution? Which graph shows the shape of the distribution?
B- Prepare the dot plot and stem and stem diagram for ungrouped data. Compare these two graphs with the histogram and the previously made polygon.
Title
ABC/123 Version X
1
Obsessive Compulsive, Trauma, Psychotic, and Personality Disorders and Psychometrics
CCMH/547 Version 2
1
University of Phoenix MaterialObsessive Compulsive, Trauma, Psychotic, and Personality Disorders and Psychometrics
Complete the following table by choosing four disorders from the DSM-5’s obsessive compulsive, trauma, psychotic, and personality disorders categories. Align your chosen disorders with the psychometric tests that may be used to assess them.
Psychological disorder
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for the psychological disorder
Applicable psychometric test
Description of the psychometric test (50–100 words each)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is present by the following symptoms. Reoccurring thoughts and urges, or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance. Attempts to ignore or stop such thoughts that urges, or images to neutralizes with some other thoughts or actions by a compulsion. Repetitive behaviors e.g. handwashing, ordering, checking (Achim, Maziade, Raymond, et al, 2011).
Brief Obsessive-compulsive Scale (BOCS), a self-rating measure for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which has been around for a couple of decades and is widely used in Sweden. However, to begin an evidence - based assessment is used to rule out any other mental illness. It is stated that “obsessive–compulsive symptoms can be difficult to assess, given that they are often manifested internally, and individuals with OCD may not be inclined to recognize and report symptoms” (Rapp, A., Bergman, ...
Quality of Life Project is a 501c3 based in Santa Barbara, California that was started in 2008, I was started in 2023 #linkedin,#health,#research and #projectmanagement
Mental health is concerned with well-being, positive attitude, life satisfaction and so on. All these may be
influenced by following and practicing integral yoga. The present study was intended to compare mental
health between followers of Sri Aurobindo and others. Sixty adults volunteered for the study. Hundred
followers of Sri Aurobindo from different ashrams and hundred other adult people were considered as
subject for the study. Their mental health was tested with the Mental Health Inventory Questionnaire. All
the responses were then converted into scores following the guidelines. T –test was used to compare the
result. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level. Significant difference was found in General
Positive Affect, Life Satisfaction, Anxiety, Loss of Behavioural / Emotional Control and Mental Health
Index among the followers of Sri Aurobindo.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
MGH---Optimizing Quality of Life in the Treatment of Depression.pptx
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Nhi-Ha Trinh MD MPH
Director of Multicultural Studies and Clinical Services
Depression Clinical and Research Program
Director, Department of Psychiatry Center for Diversity
Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
Optimizing quality of life in the treatment of depression
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Disclosures
Neither I nor my spouse has a relevant financial
relationship with a commercial interest to disclose.
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Learning Objectives
At the end of this presentation, participants will be able to:
1. Define the term Quality of Life and describe how it is
measured;
2. Describe two effects of Depressive disorders on patient
Quality of Life;
3. Apply three strategies to engage patients regarding
their Quality of Life.
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Overview
• Background: Depression and Quality of Life
• Impact of Depressive Disorders on Quality of
Life
• Interventions to improve Quality of Life in
patients with Depressive Disorders
• Clinical Recommendations
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Depression: Global Burden of Disease
• Depression is a very common mental illness, affecting an
estimated 350 million people worldwide;
(WHO 2012)
• The clinical course of the disorder is highly recurrent;
only 20% of patients recovering and remaining
continuously well, 80% have at least one recurrence
during their lifetime;
(Burcusa and Iacono, 2007).
• Given its prevalence, highly recurrent nature, and multi-
level impairments, major depressive disorder (MDD) is a
leading cause of disability worldwide.
(WHO 2012)
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Depression: Clinical Challenges
• The core features of MDD include emotional, somatic,
and functional impairments.
• Functional impairments associated with MDD result in
social and occupational impairments that disrupt work,
school, leisure, family life activities, and family
responsibilities.
• Patients also experience reduced quality of life (QoL)
and difficulty with interpersonal relationships.
(APA 2013, Sheehan et al 2017)
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Quality of life: What is it?
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https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gdp-and-beyond/quality-of-life/data
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Quality of life: What is it?
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(Verghese L. 2017)
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Quality of Life: Definition
According to the World Health Organization
(WHO), Quality of Life is defined as:
“the individual’s perception of their position in life
in the context of the culture and value systems in
which they live and in relation to their goals,
expectations, standards and concerns.”
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https://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whoqol-qualityoflife/en/; accessed June 2, 2020
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Quality of Life: Definition (cont.)
Quality of life (QoL) “is a broad ranging concept
affected in a complex way by the person's physical
health, psychological state, personal beliefs, social
relationships and their relationship to salient
features of their environment.”
Health related QoL (HRQoL) is an evaluation of
QoL and its relationship with health.
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https://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whoqol-qualityoflife/en/; accessed June 2, 2020
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Quality of Life versus Functioning
• QoL is often used interchangeably with functioning,
functional impairment, or considered a distinct, albeit
related, concept.
• Functioning refers to one’s performance in activities
such as work, love, and play (as rated by self or
observers);
• QoL refers to one’s satisfaction with the above
activities and one’s perception of health, among other
domains, by self-report.
(IsHak et al. 2011)
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Quality of Life: “The Ultimate Outcome Measure”
• Quality of life measures assess well-being across
several domains.
• Disease-specific measures of severity of illness may not
accurately represent the overall treatment effect.
• There is a growing recognition of the importance of
patient-defined outcomes and the need to involve people
with lived experience in research and clinical practice.
(IsHak et al. 2011)
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Quality of Life: Measures
The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
Questionnaire, Short Form (Q-LESQ-SF)
– 16-item self-report measure designed to quantify satisfaction and
enjoyment in various domains of functioning: physical health,
feelings, work, household duties, school/work, leisure time
activities, social relations, and general activities.
– 5-point Likert scale that indicates the degree of enjoyment or
satisfaction achieved during the past week (1= very poor to 5 =
very good)
– The total score is calculated by summing the scores on the first
14 items. Higher scores represent greater life enjoyment and
satisfaction.
– Internal consistency and test–retest reliability have been
established. (Endicott et al., 1993)
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Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF)
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GENERAL ACTIVITIES OVERALL LEVEL OF SATISFACTION
Taking everything into
consideration, during the past
week how satisfied have you
been with your ...
Very Poor Poor Fair Good Very
Good
… physical health? 1 2 3 4 5
… mood? 1 2 3 4 5
… work? 1 2 3 4 5
… household activities? 1 2 3 4 5
… social relationships? 1 2 3 4 5
… family relationships? 1 2 3 4 5
… leisure time activities? 1 2 3 4 5
… ability to function in daily
life?
1 2 3 4 5
… sexual drive, interest
and/or performance?*
1 2 3 4 5
… economic status? 1 2 3 4 5
… living/household
situation?*
1 2 3 4 5
.. ability to get around
physically without feeling
dizzy or unsteady or falling
1 2 3 4 5
… your vision in terms of
ability to do work or
hobbies?*
1 2 3 4 5
… overall sense of well being? 1 2 3 4 5
… medication? (if not taking
any, check here ______ and
leave item blank)
1 2 3 4 5
How would you rate your
overall life satisfaction and
contentment during the past
week?
1 2 3 4 5
(Endicott et al., 1993)
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Quality of Life: Measures
• The Short Form Health Survey 12 (SF-12)
– The SF-12 is a self-report measure of perceived health status,
with 12 questions on subjects ranging from general health to
physical limitations to the amount of energy one has.
– Some items are scored as absent/present while others are
scored on a Likert scale, with ranges varying from item to item.
– Two scores are generated: a physical health factor score and a
mental health factor score. Each score has a possible range
from 0 to 100, with a higher score indicating better function.
– The scales have been constructed so the population norm for
each score is 50.
– The measure has been shown to be valid and has test–retest
reliability.
(Ware et al 1996)
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The Short Form Health Survey 12 (SF-12)
This information will help your doctors keep track of how you feel and how well you are able to do your usual
activities. Answer every question by placing a check mark on the line in front of the appropriate answer. If you
are unsure about how to answer a question, please give the best answer you can and make a written comment
beside your answer.
1. In general, would you say your health is: Excellent (1) Very Good (2) Good (3)Fair (4) Poor (5)
The following two questions are about activities you might do during a typical day. Does YOUR HEALTH NOW
LIMIT YOU in these activities? If so, how much?
2. MODERATE ACTIVITIES, such as moving a table, pushing a vacuum cleaner, bowling, or playing golf: Yes,
Limited A Lot (1) Yes, Limited A Little (2) No, Not Limited At All (3)
3. Climbing SEVERAL flights of stairs: Yes, Limited A Lot (1) Yes, Limited A Little (2) No, Not Limited At All (3)
During the PAST 4 WEEKS have you had any of the following problems with your work or other regular
activities AS A RESULT OF YOUR PHYSICAL HEALTH?
4. ACCOMPLISHED LESS than you would like: _____ Yes (1) _____ No (2)
5. Were limited in the KIND of work or other activities: _____ Yes (1)_____ No (2)
(Ware et al 1996)
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The Short Form Health Survey 12 (SF-12) cont.
During the PAST 4 WEEKS, were you limited in the kind of work you do or other regular activities AS A
RESULT OF ANY EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS (such as feeling depressed or anxious)?
6. ACCOMPLISHED LESS than you would like: _____ Yes (1) _____ No (2)
7. Didn’t do work or other activities as CAREFULLY as usual: Yes (1) No (2)
8. The PAST 4 WEEKS, how much did PAIN interfere with your normal work (including both work the
home and housework)? Not At All (1) A Little Bit (2) Moderately (3) Quite A Bit (4) Extremely (5)
The next three questions are about how you feel and how things have been DURING THE PAST 4
WEEKS. For each question, please give the one answer that comes closest to the way you have been
feeling. How much of the time during the PAST 4 WEEKS –
9. Have you felt calm and peaceful?
10. Did you have a lot of energy?
11. Have you felt downhearted and blue?
12. During the PAST 4 WEEKS, how much of the time has your PHYSICAL HEALTH OR EMOTIONAL
PROBLEMS interfered with your social activities (like visiting with friends, relatives, etc.)?
All of the Time (1) Most of the Time (2) A Good Bit of the Time (3) Some of the Time (4) A Little of the
Time (5) None of the Time (6)
(Ware et al 1996)
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Impact of Depression on Quality of Life
“Quality of life is neither the opposite of
depression, nor is euthymia a synonym of
QoL.”
(da Rocha et al 2009)
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Impact of Depression on Quality of Life
• In treating depression, the optimal treatment outcome
has long been recognized as full remission of depressive
symptoms and improvements in psychosocial
functioning.
(Cho et al 2019)
• Partial remission and residual depressive symptoms
have been associated with impaired quality of life, and
subsequently, burden in healthcare and social welfare.
(Keller et al 2003)
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Impact of Depression on Quality of Life
• Multiple domains of QoL are significantly impaired in
MDD.
• Research has consistently demonstrated that depressed
patients’ QoL is significantly lower than that of healthy
individuals, and often even those with chronic medical
illnesses such as hypertension, cancer, or chronic pain.
• When depression is comorbid with other medical and
psychiatric illnesses, the deterioration in QoL is
compounded.
(Ishak et al 2011)
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Impact of Depression on QoL
• Although depression severity is correlated with QoL
impairment, changes in QoL are not fully accounted for
by changes in depression symptoms.
• QoL changes more slowly than depressive symptoms.
(Judd, et al., 2000; Hirschfeld, et al., 2002; Trivedi, 2006)
• Treatments that reduce depression symptoms do not
necessarily result in improved QoL;
• Two meta-analyses demonstrated that while clinician
ratings of depressive symptoms may decrease with
pharmacotherapy, patients’ ratings of QoL did not exhibit
improvement. (Spielmans et al, 2013 and 2014)
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Impact of Depression on Quality of Life
• Although QoL impairments are seen to persist even
following successful treatment of depressive symptoms;
• QoL has been shown to be a better predictor of
sustained remission than symptom resolution;
• QoL may serve as a protective factor against future
depressive episodes.
(Ishak et al 2011)
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Impact of Depression on Quality of Life
• In addition, improved QoL is associated with improved
adherence and response to treatment in patients with
depression.
(Pyne et al 2001)
• Health-related QoL (HRQoL) has been known to be an
independent factor affecting various medical outcomes,
such as death or re-admission, and is an important
consideration for health care interventions.
(Dominick et al 2002)
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Interventions to Improve QoL: Psychotherapy
(Cuijpers 2020)
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Interventions to Improve QoL: Pharmacotherapy
• Meta-analyses have demonstrated that pharmacotherapy (SSRIs)
are also associated with significant improvements in QoL
(Hofmann et al 2017; Kamenov et al 2017)
• CBT may improve QoL primarily by reducing symptoms of
depression, while SSRIs are more broad-band therapies that target
a multitude of psychiatric problems, including anxiety and stress.
(Hofmann et al 2017)
• Combined treatment appears to be superior, but psychotherapy and
pharmacotherapy alone are also efficacious for improving
functioning and QoL; adjusting for publication bias, psychotherapy
appears to be more efficacious than pharmacotherapy for QoL.
(Kamenov et al 2017)
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Interventions to Improve QoL: Promising interventions
• A meta-analysis of exercise interventions suggested exercise
(defined as a planned, structured, repetitive and purposive physical
activity) significantly improved physical and psychological domains
and overall QoL in patients with MDD; (Schuch et al 2016)
• A meta-analysis of mindfulness meditation programs showed small
improvements in the mental health component of health-related QoL
for patients with anxiety and depression symptoms;
(Goyal et al. 2014)
• Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) has some data to
suggest efficacy in reducing symptoms in MDD; limited data on QoL.
(Haller et al, 2019)
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Future Directions: Quality of Life
• More studies are needed to examine the effect of individual patient
demographics, pre-morbid AND co-morbid clinical variables that
account for poor QoL in patients with MDD.
• More emphasis needs to be placed, not just on symptom severity
and functional status, but also on QoL as measured by the patient’s
self-reported level of satisfaction and perceptions.
• Assessments of outcome for MDD treatment—including medication,
psychotherapies, and alternative treatments—need account for
symptom severity, functioning, and QoL.
(IsHak et al 2011)
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Recommendations: Quality of Life
“Research shows that patients find symptom reduction a very important
goal of therapy, but it is certainly not the only goal. What patients want
is very personal and depends on their current situation.”
“Apart from symptom reduction, it is well-known to clinicians that
patients want, for example to be able to go back to work, have a more
fulfilling life, solve conflicts with partners, other close relatives, friends,
want to learn to live with the chronic disorder they recently developed,
learn to handle a trauma, recent or in the past.”
(Cuijpers 2020)
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Recommendations: Quality of Life
https://www.verywellmind.com/tips-for-living-with-depression-1066834
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Recommendations: Quality of Life
• Engage patient in goal-setting for QoL:
“What would satisfaction and enjoyment in [health,
feelings, work, household duties, school/work, leisure time
activities, social relations, and general activities] look like
for you?”
• Share what we know: Interventions and QoL.
• Don’t be afraid to think outside the box!
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Discussion
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References
American Psychiatric Association, 2013. Major Depressive Disorder, Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association,
Washington, DC, 160–168.
Burcusa, S.L., Iacono, W.G., 2007. Risk for recurrence in depression. Clin. Psychol. Rev.
27, 959–985.
Cuijpers P (2020) Measuring success in the treatment of depression: what is most important
to patients?, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 20:2, 123-125, DOI:
10.1080/14737175.2020.1712807
da Rocha NS, Power MJ, Bushnell DM, Fleck MP. Is there a measurement overlap between
depressive symptoms and quality of life? Compr Psychiatry 2009;50:549–55.
Dominick KL, Ahern FM, Gold CH, Heller DA. Relationship of health-related quality of life to
health care utilization and mortality among older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2002;
14(6):499–508. Epub 2003/04/ 04. PMID: 12674491.
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References
European Commission, Quality of Life Data: Background information. Accessed June 11,
2020. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gdp-and-beyond/quality-of-life/data
Goyal M, Singh S, Sibinga EM, et al. Meditation programs for psychological stress and
well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med.
2014;174(3):357‐368. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018
Haller H, Anheyer D, Cramer H, et al. Complementary therapies for clinical depression:
an overview of systematic reviews. BMJ Open 2019;9:e028527. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-
2018-028527
Hofmann SG, Curtiss J, Carpenter JK, Kind S. Effect of treatments for depression on
quality of life: a meta-analysis. Cogn Behav Ther. 2017;46(4):265‐286.
doi:10.1080/16506073.2017.1304445
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References
IsHak WW, Greenberg JM, Balayan K, et al. Quality of life: the ultimate outcome measure
of interventions in major depressive disorder. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2011;19(5):229‐239.
doi:10.3109/10673229.2011.614099
Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Zeller PJ, Paulus M, Leon AC, Maser JD, Keller MD. Psychosocial
disability during the long-term course of unipolar major depressive disorder. Archives of
General Psychiatry. 2000; 57:375–380. [PubMed: 10768699]
Kamenov K, Twomey C, Cabello M, Prina AM, Ayuso-Mateos JL. The efficacy of
psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and their combination on functioning and quality of life in
depression: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2017;47(3):414‐425.
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002774
Keller MB. Past, present, and future directions for defining optimal treatment outcome in
depression: remission and beyond. JAMA. 2003; 289(23):3152–60. Epub 2003/06/19.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama. 289.23.3152 PMID: 12813121.
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Pyne JM, Bullock D, Kaplan RM, Smith TL, Gillin JC, Golshan S, et al. Health-related
quality-of-life mea- sure enhances acute treatment response prediction in depressed
inpatients. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001; 62 (4):261–8. Epub 2001/05/31. PMID: 11379840.
Schuch FB, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S, Richards J, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Exercise
improves physical and psychological quality of life in people with depression: A meta-
analysis including the evaluation of control group response. Psychiatry Res.
2016;241:47‐54. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.054
Sheehan DV, Nakagome K, Asami Y, Pappadopulos EA, Boucher M. Restoring function
in major depressive disorder: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2017;215:299‐313.
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.029
Schimelpfening N. 8 Tips for Living With Depression. accessed June 8, 2020.
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References
Verghese L. Accessed June 11, 2020. It’s not you, it’s me: the difference between patient
experience and quality of life. https://think.macmillan.org.uk/its-not-you-it-s-me-the-
difference-between-patient-experience-and-quality-of-life-e5af8751226e
Wang F, Man JK, Lee EK, et al. The effects of qigong on anxiety, depression, and
psychological well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based
Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:152738. doi:10.1155/2013/152738
Wisniewski SR, Rush AJ, Bryan C, et al. Comparison of quality of life measures in a
depressed population. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007;195(3):219‐225.
doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000258229.38212.6f
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2020. https://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whoqol-qualityoflife/en/
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Editor's Notes
Among survey respondents with 12-month MDD, 97% reported some level of functional impairment, and 60% reported severe or very severe impairment based on the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) (Kessler et al., 2003).
Respondents reported that moderate, severe, or very severe functional impairments led to an inability to function for a mean of 11, 33, and 97 days in the past year, respectively (Kessler et al., 2003).
In comparison with adults with no mood disorder, adults with MDD reported limitations in the ability to perform work, household, or school activities 4.5 times more frequently (Shippee et al., 2011).
WHO defines Quality of Life as an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. It is a broad ranging concept affected in a complex way by the person's physical health, psychological state, personal beliefs, social relationships and their relationship to salient features of their environment.
WHO defines Quality of Life as an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. It is a broad ranging concept affected in a complex way by the person's physical health, psychological state, personal beliefs, social relationships and their relationship to salient features of their environment.
Health related QoL: quality of life is often regarded in terms of how a certain ailment affects a patient on an individual level.
Traditional outcomes of randomized clinical trials have included clinical outcomes such as symptomatic measures of treatment response.
More recently, subjective indicators of quality of life have been increasingly used as additional outcome measures in clinical trials.
ALSO:a growing recognition of the importance of patient-defined outcomes and the need to involve people with lived experience in research and clinical practice. Another important development is that the diagnostic systems, especially the DSM and ICD, have been increasingly criticized.
For example, a depressed patient may have a reduction in the severity of the depression yet not be able to return to work; or a patient’s mood may improve on medication but at the cost of untoward side effects that reduce quality of life. It is also very likely that the timing of changes in treatment with respect to the symptoms will be different from the timing of changes in quality of life.
2 types of quality of life measures, general and disease-specific. General measures are intended to assess quality of life over a wide range of medical conditions, which allows comparison of patients with different diseases.
These general measures, however, do not focus on issues that may be relevant to the disease being studied, and therefore they may not possess the sensitivity to detect a clinically significant change.
Disease-specific measures, on the other hand, are intended to assess quality of life in a population with a given condition by assessing aspects of quality of life that specifically relate to that condition. While disease-specific measures may be more sensitive to change, they cannot be used to compare patients with different diseases.
Because both general and disease-specific quality of life measures have limitations, it is recommended that any study including quality of life measures includes both a general and a disease- specific measure.
On the basis of these results, a reasonable question is which is the best general quality of life measure to use in a study of patients suffering from depression? The answer to this question depends on the hypothesis being tested. One must consider the domains that are of importance to the hypothesis. For example, if the primary interest is the Living Situations domain, SF-12 would be a poor choice as it does not address this domain. As well, the perspective of the domains being measured should be considered. The SF-12 is more a measure of perceived function, assessing the ability to complete a task, while the Q-LES-Q measures an individual’s satisfaction in their perceived ability to complete the task.
. A meta-analysis examining adjunctive atypical antipsychotic treatment for depression, for instance, showed that while observer ratings of depression decreased with pharmacotherapy use, there was little evidence of improvement in patients’ QoL (Spielmans, Berman, Linardatos, Rosenlicht, Perry, & Tsai, 2013). Additionally, a meta- analysis investigating the efficacy of antidepressants for depressed youths demonstrated that despite improvement in clinician-rated depression symptoms following the use of antidepressants, patients did not exhibit improvement in overall well-being and QoL (Spielmans & Gerwig, 2014).
It has been suggested that psychotherapy might be more effective for changing QoL because it directly targets general well-being, whereas pharmacotherapy more indirectly targets QoL by focusing on symptoms (Angermeyer & Kilian, 2006; Gladis, Gosch, Dishuk, & Crits- Christoph, 1999) but there is little empirical data to support this argument
However, the treatment effects on QoL have not received nearly as much attention as clinical measures of depression. It is possible that regulatory agencies have not placed much value on QoL measures because they are not primary outcome measures in clinical trials, including those leading to drug marketing approval.
QOL theories of depression that view poor QOL to be a result of a gap between where one is and where one wants to be along with one’s perceived ability to close the gap.
Computer-based, individual, and group-based CBT for depression similarly improved QoL.
A meta-analysis of 37 studies and more than 4000 patients of showed that both Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs, n=13) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT, n=24 ) were associated with large reductions in QoL from pre to post-treatment, with small effects compared to control treatments.
“Despite these limitations, our results add to the current state of knowledge regarding the effect of CBT and SSRIs for depression on QoL. Our review suggests that both treatment modalities improve QoL in patients with depression, with no evidence for differential effects between treatments. Improvements in QoL were more strongly linked to symptom reduction after CBT than SSRIs, possibly pointing to a different mechanism through which the treatments enhance QoL. However, in order to directly compare CBT and SSRIs for depression on QoL, large-scale studies are needed that directly compare these treatment modalities (and their combination).
Mindfulness meditation programs, in particular, show small improvements in anxiety, depression, and pain with moderate evidence, and small improvements in stress/distress and the mental health component of health-related quality of life with low evidence when compared to nonspecific active controls
QoL measurement and improvement—and not merely reduction of depressive symptoms—should be integral to monitoring depression treatment.
older age, lower level of education, lower income, unemployment, worse subjective perception of health, obesity and mental health struggles were associated with QoL impairments in depressive individuals.
We should step away from uni-dimensional research focusing on symptoms of depression only, that instead we should also listen better to the needs of patients and include their needs and views into outcome research.
The idea of creating greater wellness as a means of reducing illness is consistent with many of the ideas developed by the recovery model of mental illness and the positive psychology movement, which focus on building the strengths and potential of an individual.