Mehdi Hosseini often uses the word monodies not only as the title of his composition, but also as a musical term; by which he means the characteristics of single voice structures, adapting themselves to any musical texture. The composer recently had a new recording published in Tehran, which also takes on the title Monodies. For this album he collected compositions which were written based on regional folk tunes from different parts of Iran. The album was recorded in Russia by well-known local soloists, ensembles, and the Saint-Petersburg State Philharmonic Orchestra and State Academic Orchestra. All of the compositions were written between 2003 and 2009.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Mehdi hosseini
1. MONODIES Mehdi Hosseini
Symphony of Monody Taleshi Hava
Concerto for String Quartet and Chamber Orchestra
Peshtpa Baluch
Arqanoon Records
ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻫرنی ارﻏﻨﻮن
3. سخن نارش
اولین بار سال 7831، مهدی حسینی را در نشستهای موسیقایی محفلی و خصوصیمان مالقات کردم و در
هامن دیدار نخست، رفتار صمیمی و خلق و خوی مهربانش بر دمل نشست و سبب پیوند دوستی و استمرار
آن تا امروز شد.
طبق روال معمول در دیدار اول به رد و بدل تجربههای موسیقایی خودمان پرداختیم؛ گرچه این دوست
عزیز، دانشاموخته کنرسواتوار سن پرتزبورگ بوده ولی حوزه مطلوب وی موسیقی نواحی و قومی ایران
است بگونهای که طی این سالها در حوزه آهنگسازی معطوف به مصالح این دست آثار کرده و آن
موسیقیهای بکر و ناب را با فکر خالق خود دست مایه آثارش منوده و به زبان معارص جهانی برگردان
کرده است.
1 مهدی حسینی که اجرای آثارش از سن پرتزبورگ فراتر رفته و در برخی کشورهای اروپایی و حتی آمریکا به
گوش مستمعین موسیقی معارص رسیده است از چنان تواضع و فروتنیای برخوردار است که به رغم جایگاه
موسیقاییاش از انتقال علوم دست یافته خود به عموم عالقه مندان دریغی ندارد گرچه تا کنون فرصتی برای
معرفی او پیش نیامده تا در محافل آکادمی داخل کشور حضور یابد.
پیرو دوستی من و مهدی، چاپ مقالهی «بررسی مرتیال صدا در سیستم پرده بندی موسیقی ایرانی» به
تحقیق وی در ماهنامه «گزارش موسیقی» (شامره 02 و 12 – فروردین و اردیبهشت 8831) به مدیرمسئولی
و رسدبیری اینجانب بود که متعاقباً امروز به نرشآثار موسیقی وی منجر شد و اکنون در اختیار شام قرار
میگیرد.
باشد تا این مجموعه نیز سبب پیوند دوستی شام و این موسیقیدان جوان شود و من به نوبه خود خرسند
از فراهم کردن امکان دوستیها.
رسوش ریاضی
5. سید مهدی حسینی
در سال ۸۵۳۱ خورشیدی در تهران به دنیا آمد. در ایران نزد فرهاد فخرالدینی به فراگیری تئوری موسیقی
ایرانی و اصول آهنگسازی پرداخت و در ادامه، تحصیالت خود را در رشته آهنگسازی کنرسواتوار دولتی
سن پرتزبورگ به نام ریمسکی کورساکف نزد پرفسور الکساندرمناتساکانیان (از شاگردان دمیرتی شوستاکویچ)
به پایان رسانید. وی پس از فارغ التحصیلی، در اتریش نزد پرفسور ناجیل آزبُرن (آهنگساز و پرفسور دانشگاه
اِدینبورگ اسکاتلند) به فراگیری آهنگسازی پرداخت و در سال ۷۸۳۱ برای امتام دورهی دکرتا، مجددا ً به
کنرسواتوار سن پرتزبورگ بازگشت و در ادامه در دو رشته موزیکولوژی و آهنگسازی مشغول به تحصیل
شد. در این دوره او آهنگسازی را نزد پرفسور رسگئی اسالنیمسکی دنبال کرد و مدرک دکرتای آهنگسازی را
از کنرسواتوار سن پرتزبورگ به سال ٩٨٣١ اخذ کرد و هم اکنون نیز به عنوان کاندیداتور علمی در رشته
3 موزیکولوژی هامن کنرسواتوار نزد پرفسور تاتیانا برشادسکایا مشغول به تحقیق است.
حسینی بعنوان آهنگساز و موزیکولوگ در هر دو رشته کامکان فعال بوده و تحقیقات وی بر روی موسیقی
بومی ایران، بطور چشمگیری تأثیر بر روی آثار آهنگسازی اش داشته است. آثار مهدی حسینی توسط
ارکسرتها و تکنوازان مطرحی در فسیوال های مختلفی در خارج از ایران به اجرا در آمده که گزیده ای از این
آثار که بر اساس موسیقی محلی ایران ساخته شده در این مجموعه گردآوری شده است.
جهت آشنایی با فعالیت های این هرنمند به سایت www.monodies.comمراجعه کنید.
8. در نگاهی اجاملی به آثار مهدی حسینی در آغاز مسیرش به عنوان آهنگساز (سمفونی مونودی
و کوارتت زهی شامره یک)، با نوعی رسگشتگی و نیز عدم توانایی او در گسست از آموزههای
کنرسواتیو وی مواجه هستیم. امری که بدون استثناء در مورد متامی آهنگسازان قابل مشاهده
است. تأثیر استادان مسلم آهنگسازی بر آهنگسازان تازه کار امری است اجتناب ناپذیر و غیر
قابل کتامن. مسئلهای که در مورد آثار اولیه حسینی نیز وجود دارد، سایه سنگین شوستاکویچ،
اسرتاوینسکی، حتی امیرف و سایر بزرگان روس در آثار ابتدایی وی مؤید این نظر است. اما همین
نکته برای او نقطه قوتی محسوب شده زیرا که بیانگر تسلط وی به شیوه بیان ثقیل و سنگین
آهنگسازی روسی است. توانایی که جز با مطالعات گسرتده و رصف زمان بسیار برای آنالیز آثار و
در نهایت تسلط کامل به آثار این بزرگان میرس منیشود. سخن گفنت به زبان دیگران امریست بس
پیچیده و سخت، به خصوص اگر متایلی برای متایز و تشخیص گوینده نباشد.
این امر با گذشت زمانی چند و مواجهه گردیدن با آثار متأخر وی، با استقالل و یافنت زبان
شخصی و مستقل از سوی حسینی مرتفع میشود.
ِ
ناگفته پیدا بوده که استفاده وی از موسیقی بومی ایران در یافنت هرچه رسیعرت این استقالل 6
بیانی به وی کمک کرده است. شیوه برخورد حسینی با موسیقی فولکلور ایرانی با عموم آنچه تا
کنون در این زمینه صورت گرفته، متفاوت است. عمده برخوردی که آهنگسازان ایرانی تاکنون با
موسیقی بومی ایران کرده اند به تنظیم ملودیهای این موسیقی برای سازهای غربی، چه به صورت
تک نوازی یا آنسامبل یا ارکسرتی و با هارمونیهای ساده کالسیک محدود میشود. از کسانی که
به شیوههایی متفاوت با این آثار برخورد منوده اند میتوان به ایرج صهبایی (آواهای بومی برای
پیانو)، لوریس چکنواریان (باگاتلهای ارمنی) و رضا والی (دیلامن، آوازهای محلی و ...) و نیز
زنده یادان مثین باغچهبان (بومی وار و شلیل) و محمد تقی مسعودیه (موومان برای ارکسرت زهی
و..) اشاره کرد. متامی این آهنگسازان به نوعی هارمونی و کنرتپوان بر اساس ساختارهای ملودیک
موجود در بطن موسیقی محلی دست یافته اند و اصول آهنگسازی خود را به طور کامل مبتنی و
بر گرفته از دل این موسیقی بنا ساخته اند. البته اکرثا ً در زمینه فرم به ساختار فرمال این موسیقی
پایبند مانده و تخطی از ساختارهای فرمال موسیقی محلی را بر خود جایز ندانسته و با رعایت این
9. مسئله به نوعی به این موسیقی و اصالت آن ادای احرتام کردهاند.
مهدی حسینی نیز به برخوردی نزدیک به همین شیوه دست یافته است، با این تفاوت که در
استفاده از مصالح آهنگسازی چون هارمونی و کنرتپوان به ساده ترین وجه برخورد کرده و به
ساختار ساده (یا به قول خودش: مونودیک1) موسیقی محلی پایبند مانده است اما در زمینه فرم
برخوردی دو گانه دارد. از یک سو در قطعاتی همچون «تالشی هوا» به فرم اصلی قطعه وفادار
مانده و از سوی دیگر در قطعاتی چون «کنرستو برای کوارتت زهی» و یا «موومان دوم بلوچ:
کلمپور» به شدت از سنت بسط و گسرتش موسیقی کنرسواتیو غربی بهره برده است. البته این
ُ
شیوه بسط و گسرتش با وجود اینکه در امتداد سنت آکادمیک غربی بوده، اما کامال با این شیوه
ُ
تفاوت داشته و بیشرت مقوله ایست نزدیک به شیوه گسرتش مدرنیستها و پُست مدرنیستهایی
چون مسیان، اشتوکهاوزن، فورر و ... و یا شاید بتوان در واقع شیوه بسط و گسرتش حسینی را ِ
منحرص به خود وی قلمداد کرد. گسرتش یافنت در آثار مهدی حسینی بنا به خصلتها و ساختارهای
اصلی اثر که هامنا روایت آثار توسط نوازندگان محلی است شکل میگیرند. در حقیقت هر اثر
7 در عین دارا بودن خصلتهای مستقل خود، مشخصات مشرتک زیبا شناسانه و آهنگسازانهای که
مشخصه آثار مهدی حسینی است را نیز در بر میگیرد.
نکته بسیار حائز اهمیت دیگری که باید در بررسی آثار حسینی مد نظر داشت، تحصیالت
جانبی وی در زمینه اتنوموزیکولوژی است. توانایی عظیمی که در زمینه آهنگسازی به کمک وی
آمده و در شکلگیری هویت مستقل آثار تأثیر گذار بوده است. مهمرتین کمکی که این علم به وی
کرده، قابلیت تشخیص اجزای مختلف موسیقی محلی است. اجزایی که وی با تشخیص و تفکیک
آنها به عنارص مختلف ریتمیک، ملودیک، هُموفونیک و پلی فونیک این موسیقی دست پیدا کرده
است و در بازنگاری و بازسازی آنها به زبان خویش از آنها استفاده میکند.
در واقع اگر بخواهیم شیوه آهنگسازی حسینی را به زبانی ساده ترشیح کنیم، بدین نحو به
بیان میکنیم:
1- آوانگاری نسخه اصلی و اولیه اجرا شده توسط نوازندگان محلی.
2- جداسازی عنارص گوناگون ریتمیک- ملودیک.
10. 3- طراحی ساختار و طرح کلی اثر.
4- جاگذاری و ترکیب عنارص گوناگون در ساختار طراحی شده.
5- آشنایی زدایی از الگوی آشنا برای شنونده با استفاده از تکرارهای پیاپی و استحاله عنارص
ریتمیک - ملودیک
در همهی آثار وی قسمت عمدهای از قطعه اصلی که برای سازهای گوناگون تنظیم شده اند در
ابتدای اثر مطرح میشوند تا به نوعی شنونده با قطعهای که در دستان حسینی تغییر شکل یافته
است آشنا شود. (منونه بارز تغییر شکل و استحاله الگوهای ریتمیک- ملودیک در قطعه «پشت پا»
ِ
کامال قابل مشاهده است) در مرحله بعد این عنارص آنقدر تکرار میشوند تا تغییراتی که حسینی
به صورت ذرهای و قطره چکانی در روند رو به جلوی قطعه و در بخشهای گوناگون هموفونیک
و پلی فونیک اثر اعامل میکند و ماهیت اثر را به کلی دگرگون سازد، آشکارا عیان نگردند. البته
این دگرگونی نیز مفهومی کامال متفاوت با دگرگونی در آثار دیگران دارد. بدین نحو که مخاطب
با دگرگونی غریبی مواجه میشود. نوعی تغییر شکل یا به انتزاع درآوردن یک شیئ قابل تشخیص. 8
چیزی که دگرگون شده هنوز هم قابل تعین و تشخیص است.
در بعضی آثار مانند قسمت دوم قطعه بلوچ: کلمپور، حسینی با کُالژی غیرمتعارف و نا آشنا،
اجزایی که برای همراهی ملودی اصلی در نسخه اصلی قطعه در نظر گرفته شده اند را در مقاطع
زمانی مورد استفاده قرار میدهد که شنونده به هیچ عنوان انتظار شنیدن این الگوی ریتمیک
ملودیک در این قسمت را ندارد و این امر خود باعث استقالل اثر حسینی در عین حفظ وابستگی
به نسخه اصلی از نسخه اصلی قطعه میشود.
قطعهای که در این مجموعه بسیار مهم جلوه کرده، «کنرستو برای کوارتت زهی و ارکسرت
مجلسی» است. این اثر که به لحاظ زمانی آغازگر دوره اوج پختگی آهنگسازی حسینی است
ِ
برداشتی از ساختارها و مسائل زبانی و فرهنگی را به ذهن متبادر میکند. نقطه گذاریهایی که به
صورت آکوردهایی در طول قطعه به چشم میخورند، نه ارجاعی به ،Pointilismبلکه مکثهایی
اند که برای بیان جمالت جدیدی که از پی هم میآیند تلقی میشوند. گفتگوی بین چهار ساز
11. سلوی زهی که در همهمه صداهای ارکسرت، سعی در به گوش رساندن صدای خود دارند، استعارهای ُ
است از وضعیت فرهنگی و موسیقایی اقوام ایرانی. حسینی در این قطعه فرهنگ عامه شهری
و گفتگوهایشان را که یک چند فرهنگی بی رس و ته است را به وسیله اصوات ارکسرت بازسازی
میکند. همهمه جامعهای که عنارص فرهنگی بومی در آن مشهود بوده اما چنان دچار تشطت و
چند پارگی است که به سادگی قابل شنیدن نیست. این جامعه به زبانی سخن میگوید که خود
نیز از فهم آن عاجز بوده اما تشخیص هویت فرهنگی این جامعه از هم گسیخته فرهنگی برای
مخاطبش همچنان قابل تشخیص است.
بازگشت به اصل و رسچشمه، نکته اصلی آثار حسینی است. چنانکه در پایان هر اثر به
انگارههای اصلی موسیقی موسیقی بومی باز میگردد و با بیان دوباره آن پس از بازیها و تغییر
فرمهای گوناگونی که شنیده ایم، به امری دست میزند که یاد آور گرامیداشنت گذشته است ولو
چنان مستحیل شده.
سخن و هدف غایی و انتهایی حسینی نه بر تکیه به گذشته استوار است و نه به پیرشوی به
9 جلو بدون نگاه به گذشته. بلکه هر دو را وابسته به هم و در کنار و مکمل یکدیگر میداند.
محسن ثقفی
مهرگان 9831 شمسی
1- مجله گزارش موسیقی. شامره 02 و 12-فروردین و اردیبهشت 8831. صص 25-65
12. at the same time a dependence on the original material, in order to use
the rhythmic, melodic patterns in a way that does not follow the expecta-
tions of the listener. The featured piece in this collection is the Concerto
for String Quartet and Chamber Orchestra. This work, which represents
the peak of Hosseini’s expertise, implies many cultural and linguistic is-
sues and structures. The points seen as chords in the piece do not re-
fer to pointillism, but they are pauses, which are to be regarded as the
expression of successive new statements. The dialogue among the four
solo string instruments attempting to be heard through the tumult of
orchestral sounds is a musical metaphor for the cultural status of the
tribes of Iran. In this piece, Hosseini reproduces the absurdity and multi-
cultural aspect of societal and popular culture and conversations with
the use of the orchestra. He represents the tumult of a society in which
ethnic cultural elements are evident but cannot be easily heard. This so-
ciety speaks in a language that is beyond understanding, even for itself,
7
but the cultural identity of this disrupted society can still be found. Return
to the origin is the theme that runs through Hosseini’s works. He eventu-
ally returns to the main elements of the music at the end of each work;
and by re-expressing it after various diversions and transformations, he
reaches out to grasp a commemoration of the albeit transformed past.
For Hosseini, the final goal is not dependent on past but at the same
time progression cannot be achieved without an understanding of what
has already been. He considers that the past and the future are interre-
lated in a complementary way.
- Mohsen Saghafi
13. lodic, homophonic and polyphonic elements. These elements now reap-
pear within the context of Hosseini’s personal language.
In fact, to describe Hosseini’s method of composing in the simplest
way, we can say that his work follows the following pattern:
1- Transcription of the original and initial version performed by local
musicians.
2- Separation of the different rhythmic and melodic elements.
3- Designation of the structure and outline of the work.
4- Placement and layering of the different elements in the designated
structure.
5- Rearrangement of familiar patterns by the use of frequent repeti-
tions and transformations of the rhythmic, melodic elements.
In all of his works, the main thematic materials of the piece are pre-
sented at the beginning of the work so that the listener has an opportuni-
ty to become familiar with the elements, which will later be transformed
6
and developed. (An excellent example of how Hosseini transforms rhyth-
mic, melodic patterns can be seen in the piece Peshtpa “The Back of
the Feet”). All of these elements are repeated so much that the changes
that Hosseini makes become particles, which atomically transform the
homophonic and polyphonic textures of the work. This forward moving
process, which is not entirely disclosed, eventually changes the whole
essence of the piece. Of course, the concept of change here is quite dif-
ferent from the changes in other composers’ works; that is to say, the
listener is exposed to an extraordinary change; a kind of transforma-
tion or abstraction of a recognizable object. Something that is being
transformed is still recognizable. In some works, like in the second part
of Baluch: Kalampour, Hosseini uses material, intended originally to ac-
company the main melody in the original piece, in the form of a bizarre
collage. He does this at various times, finding an independence from and
14. ethnic music and have founded their composing principles based solely
on this music. Of course most of them have been loyal to the formal
structure of the music and restricted themselves from violating these
structures. By following these guidelines, they show respect for the mu-
sic and its originality.
Mehdi Hosseini has arrived at these same conclusions as well. The
difference being that he has treated harmony and counterpoint in the
simplest way and has stayed loyal to the basic structure (monodic in his
words 1 ) of ethnic music. On one hand, he has been loyal to this tradition
in pieces such as Taleshi Hava and on the other hand he has used the
developmental tradition of western conservative music in such pieces
as “The Concerto for String Quartet” and second movement Kalampoor
of Baluch. Although this kind of development runs parallel with western
academic traditions, it is in fact completely different and more in line with
the methods of such modernists and post-modernists as Messiaen,
Stockhausen and Furrer and perhaps it is a method of development, 5
which can be said to be completely his own. Development in Hosseini’s
works is formed according to basic qualities and structures, which are
similar to the narrations of local musicians. In actuality, each work is
comprised of a set of common aesthetics and musical characteristics,
which act as the building blocks of Hosseini’s works and at the same time
enjoy their own independent musical lives.
Another important point that should be considered, when looking at
Hosseini’s works, is his education in ethnomusicology. It is a major asset,
which has been assisting him in the composition and formation of the
independent identity of his works. The most important way in which this
science has been helping him is in the recognition of the different aspects
of ethnic music. He has separated them according to their rhythmic, me-
1- Published writing by Mehdi Hosseini “Sound Material in Persian Music” Music Report Journal, Tehran 2009, No. 20-21, P. 52-56.
.
15. Glancing through Mehdi Hosseini’s works at the advent of his course
as a composer (Symphony of Monody and String Quartet No. 1), we
encounter a sort of confusion and inability to separate from conservative
doctrines. This can be seen with all composers without exception. The
influence of master composers upon new composers is inevitable and
undeniable. This is true in the case of Hosseini’s initial works. He has been
under the influence of Shostakovich, Stravinsky, Amirov’s heavy shadow
and other great Russian composers. This is a privilege for him because it
signifies his mastery over the heavy expression of Russian composing.
This achievement can only be accomplished by extensive studies and
spending much time on analyzing works with the final result being the
complete mastery of these masters’ works. Speaking the language of
others is a very complicated and difficult task, especially if it is done so
well that the speaker is difficult to recognize.
This problem has been resolved by the passing of time; and with a look
4 at his new works we see a fresh independence and a very personal new
language.
It goes without saying that the use of Iranian ethnic music has assisted
him in finding this expressive independence as quickly as possible.
Hosseini’s approach towards Iranian folklore music takes a different path
from what has been done in the field before. Iranian composers have
mainly approached this music in a limited way, transcribing the
melod ies for western sol o i nstrum ents, en se m b l es a n d
orchestra. The following composers have broken this mold: Iraj
Sahbaee Ethnic Sounds for Piano, Loris Tjeknavorian Armenian Baga-
tels, Reza Vali Deilaman Local Songs and also Samin Baghtcheban
Ethnic and Shalil and Mohammad Taghi Massoudieh Movement for String
Orchestra. All these composers have found a kind of harmony and coun-
terpoint based upon melodic structures embedded in the heart of this
18. Mehdi Hosseini Born in 1979 in Tehran. He first studied composition with
the Iranian composer, Farhad Fakhreddini, and then continued his studies
in Russia at the St. Petersburg State Conservatory with Alexander Minat-
sakanian and in Austria with Nigel Osborne. He also pursued mu-
sicology studies under the guidance of Tatyana Bershadskaya at the St.
Petersburg State Conservatory, where he received his Doctorate degree
in Composition studying with Sergei Slonimsky.
Hosseini’s work encompasses a wide range of musical genres. As a mu-
sicologist, his research is concerned with the rich and diverse folk music
of the Persian provinces. As a theoretician, Hosseini devotes himself to
studying the nature and structure of the uniquely Persian phenomenon
of the mugham. His works show the strong influence of monodic music,
which he interprets in a completely new and independent way. Hosseini
1
has made use of his musicological research in works such as “Baluch,”
“Taleshi Hava,” “Concerto for String Quartet,” and “Peshtpa,” all of which
display the influence of Persian folk music.
Hosseini’s music is regularly performed at such festivals as The St. Pe-
tersburg Musical Spring, The Contemporary East and West Music Festi-
val, Reverse Perspective, The St. Petersburg Renaissance, Trajec-
tories of the Petersburg Avant-garde, The Contemporary Past, and Sound
Ways, and has been interpreted by the St. Petersburg State Philharmonic
Symphony Orchestra, the St. Petersburg State Academic Symphony Or-
chestra, and other prestigious ensembles. A number of his works have
been published by the Compozitor Publishing House in St. Petersburg.