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Single Facility Lot Size Model Elsp
The document describes a single facility production lot size model that produces multiple products on one machine. It provides notation for demand rates, production rates, holding costs, and setup costs for each product. An example is given with data for 4 products, including production rates, annual demand, setup costs, and more. The optimal solution is calculated as a cycle length of 0.20 years, with calculated lot sizes for each product that satisfy demand over that period. The total cost for the optimal solution is provided as $108,190.
Design Generation Chapter6
This chapter discusses design generation and creativity. It covers types of designs like configuration, parametric, and original designs. It presents models of creative thinking such as Wallas model and Fabun model. It also discusses characteristics of creative thinking, barriers to creativity, and techniques for generating alternatives like lateral thinking, brainstorming, and mental exercises.
Newsboy
This document discusses inventory control when facing uncertain demand. It provides an example of weekly sales data for a computer journal over 52 weeks. It shows histograms and normal approximations of the sales data. It also shows the mass function and cumulative distribution function calculated from the sales data. It discusses how starting inventory can be included in the model and how the model can be extended to multiple planning periods with ending inventory carrying over to the next period as starting inventory.
Multi Echelon Inventories
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Role Of Robots
Robots are increasingly being used in welding applications in manufacturing industries. Welding robots can weld three heavy frames simultaneously with high accuracy and speed, improving productivity over human welders. They do not require breaks and can work continuously. This allows other workers to perform other tasks, increasing efficiency by 40%. Robots also improve workplace safety by removing humans from dangerous welding processes and conditions. As a result, the use of robots in welding has led to improved quality, productivity, profits and decreased costs for manufacturers.
Trend Based + Reg And Holtns
The document discusses trend-based forecasting methods including double exponential smoothing. Double exponential smoothing uses two smoothing constants and two equations to calculate the intercept and slope over time to forecast future demand. The intercept and slope are updated each period to generate forecasts that factor in the trend observed in historical demand data.
Recommended
Single Facility Lot Size Model Elsp
The document describes a single facility production lot size model that produces multiple products on one machine. It provides notation for demand rates, production rates, holding costs, and setup costs for each product. An example is given with data for 4 products, including production rates, annual demand, setup costs, and more. The optimal solution is calculated as a cycle length of 0.20 years, with calculated lot sizes for each product that satisfy demand over that period. The total cost for the optimal solution is provided as $108,190.
Design Generation Chapter6
This chapter discusses design generation and creativity. It covers types of designs like configuration, parametric, and original designs. It presents models of creative thinking such as Wallas model and Fabun model. It also discusses characteristics of creative thinking, barriers to creativity, and techniques for generating alternatives like lateral thinking, brainstorming, and mental exercises.
Newsboy
This document discusses inventory control when facing uncertain demand. It provides an example of weekly sales data for a computer journal over 52 weeks. It shows histograms and normal approximations of the sales data. It also shows the mass function and cumulative distribution function calculated from the sales data. It discusses how starting inventory can be included in the model and how the model can be extended to multiple planning periods with ending inventory carrying over to the next period as starting inventory.
Multi Echelon Inventories
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Role Of Robots
Robots are increasingly being used in welding applications in manufacturing industries. Welding robots can weld three heavy frames simultaneously with high accuracy and speed, improving productivity over human welders. They do not require breaks and can work continuously. This allows other workers to perform other tasks, increasing efficiency by 40%. Robots also improve workplace safety by removing humans from dangerous welding processes and conditions. As a result, the use of robots in welding has led to improved quality, productivity, profits and decreased costs for manufacturers.
Trend Based + Reg And Holtns
The document discusses trend-based forecasting methods including double exponential smoothing. Double exponential smoothing uses two smoothing constants and two equations to calculate the intercept and slope over time to forecast future demand. The intercept and slope are updated each period to generate forecasts that factor in the trend observed in historical demand data.
Delayed Differantiation
The document models the costs and benefits of delayed product differentiation for companies. It presents a framework for analyzing when delayed differentiation can increase profits by deterring competitive entry. The model considers how long to delay differentiation based on factors like demand uncertainty, competition intensity, and the size of the potential market.
Qfd Yr
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a planning technique used to ensure customer requirements are incorporated into product design. It uses matrices like the House of Quality to translate customer wants/needs into technical requirements. A multidisciplinary team completes the House of Quality to prioritize engineering targets. Additional matrices address customer needs with technical solutions and propose processes. QFD was applied to inventory system design by identifying customer and technical requirements, then relating them in a House of Quality matrix. Several design concepts were generated and evaluated.
Delayed Product Differentiation
The document discusses several approaches to delayed product differentiation in supply chain systems including standardization, modular design, and process restructuring. Standardization involves using common components or processes to reduce complexity and increase flexibility. Modular design decomposes products into submodules that are assembled after a common process. Process restructuring involves resequencing steps so common steps are performed before product-specific ones. The document provides examples and models for evaluating these approaches.
Vmi1
Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is a supply chain strategy where manufacturers are responsible for maintaining inventory levels at distributors. The manufacturer has access to the distributor's inventory data and generates purchase orders. VMI can reduce costs through lower inventories and smoother demand. Implementation requires agreement on replenishment and data exchange between suppliers and retailers. While VMI provided benefits for companies like Walmart and Procter & Gamble, obstacles to implementation include concerns about information sharing and operational changes required.
Continuous Review Inventory System
The document discusses (Q,R) inventory systems which generalize the economic order quantity (EOQ) model to allow for stochastic demand and a reorder point R. Key aspects include:
1) The system uses continuous review with fixed lead times, stochastic demand, ordering costs, holding costs, and shortage costs.
2) Decision variables are the order quantity Q and reorder point R. The total cost considers holding, ordering, and shortage costs.
3) Service level can be measured in two ways - type 1 is the probability of no shortage in the lead time, type 2 is the proportion of demands met from stock.
4) The optimal solution balances minimizing total costs while meeting a specified service level
Winters Method
The document describes Winter's Method for seasonal time series forecasting. It involves three steps:
1) Decomposing the time series into seasonal, trend, and error components.
2) Using exponential smoothing to update estimates of the deseasonalized series, seasonal factors, and trend over time.
3) Forecasting by combining the updated seasonal, trend, and error estimates. The initialization procedure calculates initial values for the trend, seasonal factors, and series based on historical data.
Distributed Control System
A Distributed Control System (DCS) integrates multiple process controllers and PLCs to monitor and control distributed equipment remotely. There are several types of DCS including Smart DCS and SixTrak IPm. When choosing a DCS system, factors like reliability, compatibility, graphical interface, processing speed, cost and ease of use must be considered. DCS systems have advantages like robustness, flexibility and security but also disadvantages like component costs and difficulty of programming and maintenance. Major DCS manufacturers include Honeywell, ABB and Siemens. In Saudi Arabia, DCS systems are used by companies like Saudi Aramco, power plants and factories.
Inventory Control
This document discusses inventory control for known demand. It introduces different types of inventories and reasons for holding inventory. It describes characteristics of inventory systems such as demand patterns and lead times. It outlines relevant inventory costs including holding, ordering, and penalty costs. It presents the economic order quantity (EOQ) model for determining optimal order quantities to minimize total inventory costs.
Supply Chain Integration
This document discusses supply chain integration and strategies. It introduces push-based and pull-based supply chain systems and their advantages and disadvantages. It then discusses push-pull supply chain strategies that take advantages of both. Examples of push-pull strategies are given for different industries. Finally, it discusses demand-driven strategies and effective distribution strategies for supply chain integration.
Forecasting
This document discusses various forecasting techniques. It covers qualitative and quantitative methods as well as different time horizons for forecasting. Specific quantitative techniques discussed include moving averages, exponential smoothing, regression analysis, and double exponential smoothing. Moving averages and exponential smoothing are described as methods for forecasting stationary time series. Exponential smoothing provides a weighted average of past observations with more weight given to recent observations. Double exponential smoothing accounts for trends by smoothing changes in the intercept and slope over time.
Aggregate Production Planning
The document discusses aggregate planning, which involves translating demand forecasts into production levels over a fixed horizon. It seeks to balance conflicting objectives like reacting quickly to demand changes versus maintaining workforce stability. Different aggregate units and planning approaches are considered, along with associated costs like inventory holding, hiring/firing, and production levels. Two example strategies - chasing demand or keeping workforce constant - are evaluated based on their total costs. Mixed strategies combining these approaches are also proposed to further optimize the planning process.
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Delayed Differantiation
The document models the costs and benefits of delayed product differentiation for companies. It presents a framework for analyzing when delayed differentiation can increase profits by deterring competitive entry. The model considers how long to delay differentiation based on factors like demand uncertainty, competition intensity, and the size of the potential market.
Qfd Yr
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a planning technique used to ensure customer requirements are incorporated into product design. It uses matrices like the House of Quality to translate customer wants/needs into technical requirements. A multidisciplinary team completes the House of Quality to prioritize engineering targets. Additional matrices address customer needs with technical solutions and propose processes. QFD was applied to inventory system design by identifying customer and technical requirements, then relating them in a House of Quality matrix. Several design concepts were generated and evaluated.
Delayed Product Differentiation
The document discusses several approaches to delayed product differentiation in supply chain systems including standardization, modular design, and process restructuring. Standardization involves using common components or processes to reduce complexity and increase flexibility. Modular design decomposes products into submodules that are assembled after a common process. Process restructuring involves resequencing steps so common steps are performed before product-specific ones. The document provides examples and models for evaluating these approaches.
Vmi1
Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is a supply chain strategy where manufacturers are responsible for maintaining inventory levels at distributors. The manufacturer has access to the distributor's inventory data and generates purchase orders. VMI can reduce costs through lower inventories and smoother demand. Implementation requires agreement on replenishment and data exchange between suppliers and retailers. While VMI provided benefits for companies like Walmart and Procter & Gamble, obstacles to implementation include concerns about information sharing and operational changes required.
Continuous Review Inventory System
The document discusses (Q,R) inventory systems which generalize the economic order quantity (EOQ) model to allow for stochastic demand and a reorder point R. Key aspects include:
1) The system uses continuous review with fixed lead times, stochastic demand, ordering costs, holding costs, and shortage costs.
2) Decision variables are the order quantity Q and reorder point R. The total cost considers holding, ordering, and shortage costs.
3) Service level can be measured in two ways - type 1 is the probability of no shortage in the lead time, type 2 is the proportion of demands met from stock.
4) The optimal solution balances minimizing total costs while meeting a specified service level
Winters Method
The document describes Winter's Method for seasonal time series forecasting. It involves three steps:
1) Decomposing the time series into seasonal, trend, and error components.
2) Using exponential smoothing to update estimates of the deseasonalized series, seasonal factors, and trend over time.
3) Forecasting by combining the updated seasonal, trend, and error estimates. The initialization procedure calculates initial values for the trend, seasonal factors, and series based on historical data.
Distributed Control System
A Distributed Control System (DCS) integrates multiple process controllers and PLCs to monitor and control distributed equipment remotely. There are several types of DCS including Smart DCS and SixTrak IPm. When choosing a DCS system, factors like reliability, compatibility, graphical interface, processing speed, cost and ease of use must be considered. DCS systems have advantages like robustness, flexibility and security but also disadvantages like component costs and difficulty of programming and maintenance. Major DCS manufacturers include Honeywell, ABB and Siemens. In Saudi Arabia, DCS systems are used by companies like Saudi Aramco, power plants and factories.
Inventory Control
This document discusses inventory control for known demand. It introduces different types of inventories and reasons for holding inventory. It describes characteristics of inventory systems such as demand patterns and lead times. It outlines relevant inventory costs including holding, ordering, and penalty costs. It presents the economic order quantity (EOQ) model for determining optimal order quantities to minimize total inventory costs.
Supply Chain Integration
This document discusses supply chain integration and strategies. It introduces push-based and pull-based supply chain systems and their advantages and disadvantages. It then discusses push-pull supply chain strategies that take advantages of both. Examples of push-pull strategies are given for different industries. Finally, it discusses demand-driven strategies and effective distribution strategies for supply chain integration.
Forecasting
This document discusses various forecasting techniques. It covers qualitative and quantitative methods as well as different time horizons for forecasting. Specific quantitative techniques discussed include moving averages, exponential smoothing, regression analysis, and double exponential smoothing. Moving averages and exponential smoothing are described as methods for forecasting stationary time series. Exponential smoothing provides a weighted average of past observations with more weight given to recent observations. Double exponential smoothing accounts for trends by smoothing changes in the intercept and slope over time.
Aggregate Production Planning
The document discusses aggregate planning, which involves translating demand forecasts into production levels over a fixed horizon. It seeks to balance conflicting objectives like reacting quickly to demand changes versus maintaining workforce stability. Different aggregate units and planning approaches are considered, along with associated costs like inventory holding, hiring/firing, and production levels. Two example strategies - chasing demand or keeping workforce constant - are evaluated based on their total costs. Mixed strategies combining these approaches are also proposed to further optimize the planning process.