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DFS vs BFS
Breadth First Search
Prosedur pencarian melebar pertama
(breadth-first search) merupakan prosedur
yang menjamin diperolehnya sebuah solusi
jika solusi itu memang ada, dimana
tersedia sejumlah percabangan pohon
(tree) yang berhingga
Prosedur BFS
Inisialisasi :
open = [start]; closed []
While open = [] do
Begin
Hapuskan keadaan paling kiri dari keadaan open, sebutlah keadaan itu dengan X;
Jika X merupakan tujuan then return (sukses);
Buatlah semua child dari X;
Ambillah X dan masukkan pada closed;
Eliminasilah setiap child X yang telah berada
pada open atau closed, yang akan menyebabkan loop dalam search;
Ambillah turunan di ujung kanan open sesuai urutan penemuan-nya;
End;
Kelebihan dan kekurangan
• Karena proses pencarian breadth-first mengamati setiap
simpul di setiap tingkat graf sebelum bergerak menuju
ruang yang lebih dalam, maka mula-mula semua
keadaan akan dicapai lewat lintasan yang terpendek
dari keadaan awal. Karena itu, proses pencarian ini
menjamin ditemukannya lintasan terpendek dari
keadaan awal ke keadaan tujuan.
• Karena proses pencarian Breadth-First
selalu memeriksa setiap simpul (node)
pada tingkat n sebelumnya memproses
tingkat n + 1, maka pencarian tersebut
selalu mendapatkan lintasan terpendek
menuju simpul tujuan
Depth First Search
DFS melakukan penelusuran dari Root menuju node paling kiri
kemudian meneruskan level di bawahnya (ke dalam) sampai ditemukan
daun (leaf),
Jika daun (leap) tersebut merupakan goal-nya maka berhenti (sukses),
jika bukan goal maka proses dilanjutkan ke leap yang lain (melebar)
atau backtracking ke node di level atasnya sampai ditemukanya goal.
Prosedur DFS
prosedur depth_first_search
inisialisasi: open = [Start]; closed = []
while open x [] do
begin
hapuskan keadaan berikutnya dari sebelah kiri
open, sebutlah keadaan itu dengan X;
jika X merupakan tujuan then return(sukses);
buatlah semua child yang dimungkinkan dari X;
ambilah X dan masukkan pada closed;
eliminasilah setiap child X yang telah berada
pada open atau closed, yang akan menyebabkan
loop dalam search;
ambilah child X yang tersisa di ujung kanan open
sesuai urutan penemuannya;
end.
Kelebihan dan Kekurangan
• Proses pencarian Depth-First akan dengan cepat
mencapai kedalaman ruang pencarian. Jika
diketahui bahwa lintasan solusi problema
akan panjang, maka pencarian depth_first tidak
akan memboroskan waktu untuk melakukan
pencarian sejumlah besar keadaan ‘dangkal’
dalam graf problema.
• Pencarian depth-first jauh lebih efisien
untuk ruang pencarian dengan banyak
percabangan, karena tidak perlu harus
mengevaluasi semua simpul pada suatu
tingkat tertentu.

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Materi5 blind search_bfs-dfs

  • 2. Breadth First Search Prosedur pencarian melebar pertama (breadth-first search) merupakan prosedur yang menjamin diperolehnya sebuah solusi jika solusi itu memang ada, dimana tersedia sejumlah percabangan pohon (tree) yang berhingga
  • 3.
  • 4. Prosedur BFS Inisialisasi : open = [start]; closed [] While open = [] do Begin Hapuskan keadaan paling kiri dari keadaan open, sebutlah keadaan itu dengan X; Jika X merupakan tujuan then return (sukses); Buatlah semua child dari X; Ambillah X dan masukkan pada closed; Eliminasilah setiap child X yang telah berada pada open atau closed, yang akan menyebabkan loop dalam search; Ambillah turunan di ujung kanan open sesuai urutan penemuan-nya; End;
  • 5. Kelebihan dan kekurangan • Karena proses pencarian breadth-first mengamati setiap simpul di setiap tingkat graf sebelum bergerak menuju ruang yang lebih dalam, maka mula-mula semua keadaan akan dicapai lewat lintasan yang terpendek dari keadaan awal. Karena itu, proses pencarian ini menjamin ditemukannya lintasan terpendek dari keadaan awal ke keadaan tujuan.
  • 6. • Karena proses pencarian Breadth-First selalu memeriksa setiap simpul (node) pada tingkat n sebelumnya memproses tingkat n + 1, maka pencarian tersebut selalu mendapatkan lintasan terpendek menuju simpul tujuan
  • 7. Depth First Search DFS melakukan penelusuran dari Root menuju node paling kiri kemudian meneruskan level di bawahnya (ke dalam) sampai ditemukan daun (leaf), Jika daun (leap) tersebut merupakan goal-nya maka berhenti (sukses), jika bukan goal maka proses dilanjutkan ke leap yang lain (melebar) atau backtracking ke node di level atasnya sampai ditemukanya goal.
  • 8.
  • 9. Prosedur DFS prosedur depth_first_search inisialisasi: open = [Start]; closed = [] while open x [] do begin hapuskan keadaan berikutnya dari sebelah kiri open, sebutlah keadaan itu dengan X; jika X merupakan tujuan then return(sukses); buatlah semua child yang dimungkinkan dari X; ambilah X dan masukkan pada closed; eliminasilah setiap child X yang telah berada pada open atau closed, yang akan menyebabkan loop dalam search; ambilah child X yang tersisa di ujung kanan open sesuai urutan penemuannya; end.
  • 10. Kelebihan dan Kekurangan • Proses pencarian Depth-First akan dengan cepat mencapai kedalaman ruang pencarian. Jika diketahui bahwa lintasan solusi problema akan panjang, maka pencarian depth_first tidak akan memboroskan waktu untuk melakukan pencarian sejumlah besar keadaan ‘dangkal’ dalam graf problema.
  • 11. • Pencarian depth-first jauh lebih efisien untuk ruang pencarian dengan banyak percabangan, karena tidak perlu harus mengevaluasi semua simpul pada suatu tingkat tertentu.