Martin Luther King Jr. was an American pastor who led the civil rights movement in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. He organized nonviolent protests to fight against racial segregation and discrimination. Some of his most notable efforts included organizing the Montgomery bus boycott and leading the March on Washington, where he delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. King advocated for equal voting rights and basic civil rights for African Americans through peaceful demonstrations and is remembered today as one of the most influential leaders of the civil rights movement.