The document provides an overview of the global efforts to develop vaccines and tests for COVID-19. It discusses several pharmaceutical companies and research organizations working on vaccine development, including CanSino, Novavax, CureVac, and Altimmune. It also covers companies involved in testing, such as Quest Diagnostics, and notes the high estimated costs of testing for consumers and healthcare systems. Potential treatments discussed include research into antibodies and genome sequencing.
The world faced unprecedented challenges when it came to COVID19 viruses. The world is still working through COVID19 including testing, vaccines, reopening of the economy, and contact tracing
The world faced unprecedented challenges when it came to COVID19 viruses. The world is still working through COVID19 including testing, vaccines, reopening of the economy, and contact tracing
How to best manage a Pandemic| Crisis Management| December 20,2020paul young cpa, cga
Dosage
Although high income countries are currently buying the larger shares of doses, India has ordered 1.5 billion—more than any other individual country.
The U.S., in comparison, has pre-purchased 1.01 billion doses, and although this number is less than the amount India has purchased, the U.S. has around 330 million people compared to India’s burgeoning 1.3 billion citizens.
Source - https://www.visualcapitalist.com/tracking-covid-19-vaccines-around-the-world/
Despite this public commitment to equity, individual countries are incentivized to purchase as many vaccine doses (and from as wide a pool of candidates) as possible to increase their chances of covering their population. Before any vaccine candidates are even approved for market, confirmed purchases cover 7.7 billion doses, with another 3.9 billion doses currently under negotiation or reserved as optional expansions of existing deals.
Source - https://launchandscalefaster.org/COVID-19
Vaccine Tracker
Other countries have gotten a head start on vaccinations. China and Russia authorized their own shots in July and August before they had been fully tested. Since then, they have vaccinated hundreds of thousands of people.
UK and United States have received early supply of vaccines.
Source - https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/
Israel still leads the world in terms of vaccinations - https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
There have been issues with PCR testing - https://theorca.ca/visiting-pod/failure-to-use-rapid-tests-points-to-deeper-problems/ or All testing needs to be done in relations with other tests - https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/22/gateway-pundit/who-did-not-admit-pcr-tests-grossly-inflate-positi/
Global economy will have a long road to recovery - https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/economy/global-economic-outlook/weekly-update.html/
Global Risks - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83rTDoqdCtY
Poverty - https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/oxfam-urges-radical-economic-rejig-for-post-covid-world/article33655102.ece
UK
That pattern of Britain investing aggressively and early while the EU takes a slower, more cautious approach has been the hallmark of the vaccine race in Europe — and offers a window into problems that have dogged the vaccination rollout by the world’s biggest trading bloc.
https://globalnews.ca/news/7625760/uk-eu-vaccine-response/
Trudeau failures
Trudeau’s Liberals created a vacuum regarding the COVID-19 virus with their consistent reluctance to level with Canadians. The prime minister seems congenitally incapable of sharing information, despite all the many pledges of openness he is offered through the years, and his handling of the COVID pandemic has been consistent with that reluctance. Official statements have consistently sought to assure Canadians that everything possible was being done, that the government was moving heaven and Earth to obtain a ready supply of vaccines, and that no stone would be left unturned to ensure arms would be getting jabs before the winter snows ebbed.
https://nationalpost.com/opinion/kelly-mcparland-not-only-have-the-liberals-failed-us-on-obtaining-vaccines-they-wont-even-be-honest-about-it
COVID19 roll out - https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/
Israel - https://newseu.cgtn.com/news/2021-02-07/Why-is-Israel-s-COVID-19-vaccine-rollout-the-fastest-in-the-world--XDM6cn8Oyc/index.html
Latest on COVID19 - https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/the-latest-on-the-coronavirus/
WHO dashboard - https://covid19.who.int/
However, vaccinations only work when they are effectively combined with public health strategies. These strategies include isolation and quarantine, tracking and tracing, as well as effective communication.
https://reliefweb.int/report/tunisia/glimmer-hope-covid-19-vaccines-roll-out-countries-eastern-mediterranean-region
Vaccinations
Israel has done a banner job when it comes to procuring vaccines and then delivering them to their citizens
Canada trails countries like Bahrain, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Israel
Source - https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/covid-vaccination-doses-per-capita?tab=chart&stackMode=absolute&time=latest®ion=World
Approval of vaccines
Oxford/Astra vaccine has been approved - https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/30/how-well-does-the-oxford-vaccine-work-what-we-know-so-far
Testing Kits
https://www.self.com/story/covid-19-tests-at-home
Global economy outlook has been reduced due emergence of the second wave - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-the-global-economy-november-2020 or https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/research-insights/economy/global-economy-watch/predictions-2020.html
How to best manage a Pandemic| Crisis Management| December 20,2020paul young cpa, cga
Dosage
Although high income countries are currently buying the larger shares of doses, India has ordered 1.5 billion—more than any other individual country.
The U.S., in comparison, has pre-purchased 1.01 billion doses, and although this number is less than the amount India has purchased, the U.S. has around 330 million people compared to India’s burgeoning 1.3 billion citizens.
Source - https://www.visualcapitalist.com/tracking-covid-19-vaccines-around-the-world/
Despite this public commitment to equity, individual countries are incentivized to purchase as many vaccine doses (and from as wide a pool of candidates) as possible to increase their chances of covering their population. Before any vaccine candidates are even approved for market, confirmed purchases cover 7.7 billion doses, with another 3.9 billion doses currently under negotiation or reserved as optional expansions of existing deals.
Source - https://launchandscalefaster.org/COVID-19
Vaccine Tracker
Other countries have gotten a head start on vaccinations. China and Russia authorized their own shots in July and August before they had been fully tested. Since then, they have vaccinated hundreds of thousands of people.
UK and United States have received early supply of vaccines.
Source - https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/
Israel still leads the world in terms of vaccinations - https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
There have been issues with PCR testing - https://theorca.ca/visiting-pod/failure-to-use-rapid-tests-points-to-deeper-problems/ or All testing needs to be done in relations with other tests - https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/22/gateway-pundit/who-did-not-admit-pcr-tests-grossly-inflate-positi/
Global economy will have a long road to recovery - https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/economy/global-economic-outlook/weekly-update.html/
Global Risks - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83rTDoqdCtY
Poverty - https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/oxfam-urges-radical-economic-rejig-for-post-covid-world/article33655102.ece
UK
That pattern of Britain investing aggressively and early while the EU takes a slower, more cautious approach has been the hallmark of the vaccine race in Europe — and offers a window into problems that have dogged the vaccination rollout by the world’s biggest trading bloc.
https://globalnews.ca/news/7625760/uk-eu-vaccine-response/
Trudeau failures
Trudeau’s Liberals created a vacuum regarding the COVID-19 virus with their consistent reluctance to level with Canadians. The prime minister seems congenitally incapable of sharing information, despite all the many pledges of openness he is offered through the years, and his handling of the COVID pandemic has been consistent with that reluctance. Official statements have consistently sought to assure Canadians that everything possible was being done, that the government was moving heaven and Earth to obtain a ready supply of vaccines, and that no stone would be left unturned to ensure arms would be getting jabs before the winter snows ebbed.
https://nationalpost.com/opinion/kelly-mcparland-not-only-have-the-liberals-failed-us-on-obtaining-vaccines-they-wont-even-be-honest-about-it
COVID19 roll out - https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/
Israel - https://newseu.cgtn.com/news/2021-02-07/Why-is-Israel-s-COVID-19-vaccine-rollout-the-fastest-in-the-world--XDM6cn8Oyc/index.html
Latest on COVID19 - https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/the-latest-on-the-coronavirus/
WHO dashboard - https://covid19.who.int/
However, vaccinations only work when they are effectively combined with public health strategies. These strategies include isolation and quarantine, tracking and tracing, as well as effective communication.
https://reliefweb.int/report/tunisia/glimmer-hope-covid-19-vaccines-roll-out-countries-eastern-mediterranean-region
Vaccinations
Israel has done a banner job when it comes to procuring vaccines and then delivering them to their citizens
Canada trails countries like Bahrain, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Israel
Source - https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/covid-vaccination-doses-per-capita?tab=chart&stackMode=absolute&time=latest®ion=World
Approval of vaccines
Oxford/Astra vaccine has been approved - https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/30/how-well-does-the-oxford-vaccine-work-what-we-know-so-far
Testing Kits
https://www.self.com/story/covid-19-tests-at-home
Global economy outlook has been reduced due emergence of the second wave - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-the-global-economy-november-2020 or https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/research-insights/economy/global-economy-watch/predictions-2020.html
Research Dive has recently added a new report on Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Market Size Share which provides a succinct analysis of the market size, revenue forecast, and the regional landscape of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Market Size Share
Biotech Pharmaceutical Medical Equipment and Supplies - Analysis - July 2023....paul young cpa, cga
The global market for pharmaceuticals reached USD 1.25 trillion in 2019, up 4.5% from 2018. Going forward, the global market will grow by 4-5% CAGR, reaching USD 1.5 trillion by 2023.
North America is expected to retain the leading position in the global pharmaceuticals market with market share of 45.33% in.
Source - https://www.reogma.com/industry-reports/global-pharmaceutical-industry-to-reach-1-5-trillion-by-2023/
Key links and sources:
Generative AI and Healthcare - https://www.statnews.com/2023/07/18/medical-ai-doctors-chatgpt/?utm_campaign=rss
Patents - https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/patents-signal-china-leads-with-patent-filings-in-pharma-in-q2/
Biotech - https://www.investors.com/news/technology/biotech-and-pharma-industry-and-stock-news-merk-bristol-myers-amgn-gilead/
Trends - https://blog.gitnux.com/life-science-industry-trends/
Biotech upcoming companies - https://www.fool.com/investing/2023/07/17/this-artificial-intelligence-biotech-stock-is-crus/
ESG - https://www.mltaikins.com/esg/global-climate-litigation-continues-to-heat-up-highlighting-esg-risks/
ESG - https://invivo.pharmaintelligence.informa.com/IV147763/Pressure-Mounts-On-Pharma-To-Act-On-Environmental-Targets
Biotech Pharmaceutical Medical Equipment and Supplies - Analysis - June 2023....paul young cpa, cga
Blog – Pharma Healthcare and Biotech – Commentary and Analysis – June 2023
1. Limited market understanding
2. Regulatory compliance
3. Limited marketing budget
4. Long sales cycle
5. Communication of Scientific Complexity
Source - https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/navigating-marketing-challenges-biotech-industry-solutions-satya/
Additional sources and links:
ESG and Sustainability - https://www.hospitalmanagement.net/dashboards/filings/environmental-sustainability-mentions-healthcare-industry/ or https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/sponsored/the-rise-and-rise-of-esg-in-the-pharmaceutical-sector-is-a-zero-waste-supply-chain-possible/ or
Trusted AI - https://www.csis.org/analysis/path-trustworthy-ai-g7-outcomes-and-implications-global-ai-governance
Drug costs - https://www.healthaffairs.org/content/forefront/medicare-drug-price-negotiation-few-drugs-big-impact
Patents - https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/moderna-pfizer-hit-with-new-patent-lawsuits-over-covid-vaccines-2023-06-06/
Globalization - https://www.rbcwealthmanagement.com/en-asia/insights/worlds-apart-risks-and-opportunities-as-deglobalization-looms
Healthcare - https://www.globsec.org/what-we-do/commentaries/bridging-healthcare-gap-solidarity-and-investment-east-west-equality
Medical top technologies - https://healthnews.com/family-health/healthy-living/wearable-medical-devices-used-in-healthcare/ or
Challenges - https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/3-key-biotech-trends-for-2023-and-beyond
Digital - https://www.valtech.com/industries/health/?utm_content=linkedin_retargeting&gclid=CjwKCAjwhJukBhBPEiwAniIcNcPpvaGlbKHuP7YC9bsc-F9R6vUM1bUzfp0VyZwfI_pwZ_6Bk_P2jhoCORwQAvD_BwE
Healthcare delivery - https://troymedia.com/politicslaw/danielle-smiths-first-challenge-will-be-to-fix-alberta-healthcare/
Optimization of healthcare - https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/expert-insights/the-importance-of-the-optimal-nursetopatient-ratio or https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-fix-the-healthcare-delivery-model-around-the-globepptx
Genetic Technologies Limited is a diversified molecular diagnostics company
developing tools for the prediction and assessment of cancer risk to help physicians
proactively manage patient health. The Company’s lead products, ‘GeneType for
Breast Cancer’ and ‘GeneType for Colorectal Cancer’, are clinically validated risk
assessment tests that are first in their class. The Company’s development pipeline
includes new tests for Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, prostate cancer, and
melanoma. Listed on the ASX in 2000 and NASDAQ in 2005, Genetic Technologies
has been a leader in the development and commercialization of genetic risk
assessment technology for 20 years.
Similar to Management of a Pandemic| Analysis and Commentary (11)
Global Housing Market Analysis and Commentary- September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Homebuilders are walking a fine line when it comes to new projects as high mortgage rates curb demand.
New residential construction, including single-family homes and multifamily, dropped 11.3% month over month in August to 1.283 million units on a seasonally adjusted basis, according to Census Bureau data released Tuesday. That's down 14.8% compared with a year ago and well below the 1.44 million units economists surveyed by Bloomberg projected.
But authorized residential permits — an indicator of potential future activity — rose 6.9% to 1.543 million permits in August from July. That was still down 2.7% from last August. Single-family permits, though, were up 2% from July to 949,000. Multifamily permits came in at 535,000.
The data reflects two opposing forces builders are trying to balance: the ongoing need for new construction to fill in limited inventory and elevated mortgage rates that are hurting their biggest customer right now, the first-time homebuyer.
"High mortgage rates are clearly taking a toll on builder confidence and consumer demand, as a growing number of buyers are electing to defer a home purchase until long-term rates move lower," Robert Dietz, chief economist of the National Association of Home Builders, said Monday in a press release after builder confidence dropped for the second straight month.
Source: https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/homebuilders-face-a-tough-balancing-act-on-new-construction-amid-high-mortgage-rates-130744368.html
Blog – What is next for the Mining Sector – September 2023
The mining sector provides critical material that support solar, wind, and lithium-ion batteries as part of the green transition. https://www.iea.org/news/critical-minerals-market-sees-unprecedented-growth-as-clean-energy-demand-drives-strong-increase-in-investment
The mining sector products play a key role with the global GDP - https://www.yicaiglobal.com/news/global-mining-industry-value-was-69-of-world-gdp-last-year-china-says
Mining practices need to be sustainable including following all ESG policies - https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-can-you-monitor-sustainable-mining-practices
Other links and sources –
Lithium Supply and Price - https://zbr.com.mx/en/sin-categoria-es/lithium-prices-fall-44-in-china-due-to-lack-of-demand/138168/
Cobalt - https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mahmut-karada%C5%9F-a2b7a5151_china-exportrestrictions-gallium-activity-7082603182589157376-Zrty/?trk=public_profile_like_view
Nickel https://www.eureporter.co/business/2023/09/15/stanislav-kondrashov-from-telf-ag-nickel-prices-outlook-remains-positive/
Iron-ore - https://www.brecorder.com/news/40263584/sgx-iron-ore-set-for-best-week-in-3-months
TD Bank / Metals - https://www.tdsecurities.com/ca/en/setting-the-stage-for-gold-outlook
Biodiversity / Mining - https://worldcrunch.com/green/lithium-green-energy-argentina-indigenous
ESG - https://iriscarbon.com/the-added-value-of-integrated-esg-reporting-a-threefold-framework/
Blog – Manufacturing Shipments and Orders – The United States – August 2023
Summary:
New orders for manufacturing technology in the United States totaled $353.9 million in July 2023, as per the latest report by AMT – The Association For Manufacturing Technology. This figure marked a 12.4% decline from June 2023 but remained only 10.5% lower than July 2022. Year-to-date orders amounted to $2.83 billion, reflecting a 12.7% decrease compared to the same period the previous year.
Douglas K. Woods, President of AMT, noted that July is typically a slower month for manufacturing technology orders, so a slight drop was expected. However, he pointed out a notable trend: over the last two months, the year-to-date order gap has narrowed during historically slow periods. While job shops have seen decreased orders, other industries that benefited from reshoring or government investments have helped fill the gap.
Among specific sectors, job shops, the largest customer segment, placed their lowest total monthly orders since August 2020. In contrast, metal valve manufacturers recorded their third-highest monthly order value on record, last seen in September 2018, making up nearly 5% of the total manufacturing technology order value for July 2023. Manufacturers of motor vehicle transmissions continued to order machinery at an elevated pace. However, the aerospace industry continued to order below its early 2022 peaks, with hopes that recent projects like the federal government's $1.5 billion investment in communications satellites might reverse this trend.
Source: https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2023/september/u.s.-manufacturing-technology-orders-dip-in-july-but-show-resilience-amid-economic-uncertainty
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 15 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Blog – Analysis and Commentary – Stock Market – WE September 15 2023
Summary:
Stocks fell Friday as investors wrap up a volatile week ahead of the Federal Reserve's policy meeting.
The Dow Jones Industrials tumbled 288.87 points to close out Friday and the week at 34,618.24. At its lows, it completely wiped out Thursday's 332-point rally.
The S&P 500 index sank 54.78 points, or 1.2%, to 4,450.32.
The NASDAQ index plunged 217.72 points, or 1.6%, to 13,708.33.
The Dow held onto a winning week. The S&P 500 and NASDAQ both closed out the week with losses.
Information technology was the worst-performing sector in the S&P 500, down nearly 2%. Adobe shares fell more than 4% even after the software firm posted better-than-expected quarterly results. Shares of Arm Holdings were lower one day after its successful public debut.
Auto stocks General Motors and Stellantis N.V. were higher Friday, while Ford Motor was about flat. Thousands of members of the United Auto Workers went on strike after failing to reach a deal with the automakers Thursday night.
Elsewhere, Lennar shares slid 3%. The home construction firm posted third-quarter results that beat on the top and bottom lines.
On the economic front, the University of Michigan's consumer sentiment survey showed one-year inflation expectations dropped to 3.1% in
September, tied for the lowest since January 2021. Also, the five-year outlook fell to 2.7%, matching its lowest since December 2020.
Electricity Analysis - Canada and the OECD - June 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Over three-quarters of the world’s total coal-generated electricity is consumed in just three countries. China is the top user of coal, making up 53.3% of global coal demand, followed by India at 13.6%, and the U.S. at 8.9%.
Burning coal—for electricity, as well as metallurgy and cement production—is the world’s single largest source of CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, its use in electricity generation has actually grown 91.2% since 1997, the year when the first global climate agreement was signed in Kyoto, Japan.
However, even as non-renewables enjoy their time in the sun, their days could be numbered.
In 2022, renewables, such as wind, solar, and geothermal, represented 14.4% of total electricity generation with an extraordinary annual growth rate of 14.7%, driven by big gains in solar and wind. Non-renewables, by contrast, only managed an anemic 0.4%.
The authors of the Statistical Review do not include hydroelectric in their renewable calculations, even though many others, including the International Energy Agency, consider it a “well-established renewable power technology.”
With hydroelectric moved into the renewable column, together they accounted for over 29.3% of all electricity generated in 2022, with an annual growth rate of 7.4%.
Source - https://energynow.ca/2023/09/infographic-what-electricity-sources-power-the-world-see-them-here-visual-capitalist/
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 9 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
What did the markets tell us this week?
1. Housing supply and costs continue to plague countries around the world.
2. Gasoline prices are on the rise that puts pressure on central banks ability to hit their core inflation targets.
3. ESG adoption by both the private and public sector is leading to both funding concerns and the overall cost of implementing ESG policies.
4. Adopting technology as part of increasing food production is facing both capital and operational funding concerns.
5. Strike at LNG facility in Australia is leading to concerns around a supply chain disruption of natural gas for EMEA and Asia.
6. The threat of China dumping batteries into markets - https://www.ft.com/content/b6038e51-7b5b-4f97-a5da-9202e71562fc
7. Adoption of generative AI has been facing many challenges related to security, privacy, and ethical issues.
8. Lack of biodiversity planning as part of the overall climate mitigation including sustainable mining, forestry, oil, gas, agriculture, and housing
9. Geopolitical issues continue to impact supply chain.
10. The concerns of recession continue to plague both the private and public sector.
11. Productivity issues continue to plague governments around the world.
Global (Mining Oil and Gas Forestry and Agriculture) Analysis and Commentary ...paul young cpa, cga
The mining, oil, gas, agriculture, forestry, and mining continue to face environmental, social, and governance policy review including reporting of key metrics as part of ESG reporting cycle.
There is more focus on profitability and investment returns as part of the integrated planning and reporting cycle.
Summary:
The global economy faces what at least one forecaster is calling a mild trade recession as shipments from China slump and German factories downshift.
China’s export declines extended into August, though there were signs that the worst of a world trade slowdown may be over for the leading exporter.
Overseas shipments from China fell 8.8% in dollar terms from a year earlier while imports contracted 7.3%, both better than economists’ estimates and significantly less severe than July’s downturn.
Other data have suggested trade may be stabilizing after weakening for most of this year. Exports from South Korea also declined at a more moderate pace in August than the previous month.
Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-09-07/supply-chain-latest-world-trade-faces-a-shallow-recession?srnd=economics-v2
Additional sources and links:
Lithium - https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/falling-lithium-prices-challenge-potential-cost-advantages-of-sodium-batteries
Oil Production - https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/06/business/oil-price-goldman-sachs/index.html
Natural gas - https://www.fxstreet.com/news/natural-gas-holds-up-as-markets-in-limbo-over-strikes-202309070956
Lumber - https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/sawmill-capacity-closures-reshape-us-lumber-supply
Critical metals - https://www.wasterecyclingmag.ca/feature/how-recycling-could-solve-the-shortage-of-minerals-essential-to-clean-energy/
Agriculture - https://www.morningagclips.com/economists-forecast-positive-end-of-year-crop-outlook-despite-warmer-midwestern-climate/
ESG - https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2023/09/the-informed-board/the-eus-new-esg-disclosure-rules
Ports - https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/HAPAG-LLOYD-AG-24857717/news/Hapag-Lloyd-chief-warns-of-rougher-seas-ahead-for-container-shipping-44789017/
Top destination for reshoring - https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/economy/2023/08/29/uae-in-top-10-most-powerful-passports-for-investment-opportunity/
Global Trade - https://phys.org/news/2023-09-opinion-broke-global-climate-finish.html
What is next for the Forestry Sector and Lumber Production - September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Lumber production in Canada continues to face many hurdles
Canada forest management practices are some of the bests in the world
Canada planted over 440M in seedlings back in 2018. It is now 2022 which means close 2M seedlings have been planted.
All levels need to put more focus on urban and rural planning solutions
More work including spending on wildfire and forest fire mitigation
Canada and USA need to find a path forward to resolve the softwood lumber dispute
There needs to a better balanced between climate change policies and growing the economy in a sustainable way
3D printing for housing needs to become mainstream
More protection needs to happen with key ecosystems like wetlands, forest, and peatlands.
There is a risk of debt default if interest rates are hike over the next few months
This presentation poster infographic delves into the multifaceted impacts of globalization through the lens of Nike, a prominent global brand. It explores how globalization has reshaped Nike's supply chain, marketing strategies, and cultural influence worldwide, examining both the benefits and challenges associated with its global expansion.
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1. RACE TO COVID19 VACCINE AND TESTING
PAUL YOUNG CPA CGA
AUGUST 31, 2020
2. PAUL YOUNG CPA CGA – BIO
September 9,
2014
• CPA, CGA
• Financial Solutions
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Close, Consolidate and
Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Supply Chain Management
Contact – Paul.Young@ca.ibm.com
7. CANSINO
BIOLOGICS
INC.(6185)
100% of the revenue is in China -
https://www.marketscreener.com/CANSINO-BIOLOGICS-INC-
59318312/company/
The chair is McGill graduate. https://www.marketscreener.com/business-
leaders/Xue-Feng-Yu-0DD2L9-E/biography/ Trudeau attended McGill and
McGill has high Chinese enrolment -
https://www.mcgill.ca/international/channels/news/mcgill-news-china-
tops-international-enrolment-mcgill-first-time-291377
J&J and Casino have similar vaccine -
https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-vaccine/special-
report-countries-companies-risk-billions-in-race-for-coronavirus-
vaccine-idUSL2N2CF0JG. China is ahead of the curve. China weakness has
always been with real facts.
https://www.fiercepharma.com/vaccines/china-s-cansino-pushes-
coronavirus-vaccine-into-clinical-testing-as-moderna-doses-1st “The
green light was doled out very quickly. It was only Tuesday when CanSino
said it had filed the pre-IND review application for the vaccine to
authorities and was in the process of a rolling submission of technical
documents. CanSino’s candidate, dubbed Ad5-nCoV, uses its adenovirus-
based viral vector vaccine platform. In 2017, the same technology helped
the company earn a Chinese nod for its Ebola vaccine, which was the first
Ebola shot approved anywhere based on the strain behind the deadly
epidemic in West Africa in 2014.
Trial of COVID19 drug back by the Military -
https://twitter.com/dockaurg/status/1262018934569664515
Last 10K filed was 2017 - https://fintel.io/filings/us/casbf
Only 2018 showed revenue
8. SYMVIVIO
CORPORATION
Early VC company working with Canadian government -
https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/185411-98#funding (Key investor -
National Research Council Canada
https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-
profiles.symvivo_corporation.31108ce6e17eb52f4e64c097dc36f2f7.html
“Symvivo Corporation is in Burnaby, BC, Canada and is part of the
Biotechnology Research Services Industry. Symvivo Corporation has 3 total
employees across all of its locations and generates $580,698 in sales (USD).”
Small venture capital and pre-trials - https://www.trialsitenews.com/ubc-
dalhousie-university-commence-study-of-the-bactrl-spike-vaccine-targeting-
covid-19/ “According to one profile, the venture has raised $2 million from a
local early state venture investor and $100K from a National Research Council.
Founder Graves started the company, along with Mark Fox—a friend from
undergrad—as he realized “he sucked” at research but desired to leverage his
scientific degree in meaningful ways. Graves and Fox sought to develop a
platform that could accelerate drug development by focusing on the
discovery—developing patents for aspects of the drug delivery process that
could be licensed to drug makers”
9. NOVOVAX
A small group of scientists, execs, and VCs are $277 million richer as their companies
race to create a coronavirus vaccine. Here are 7 who have raked in huge sums. -
https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/coronavirus-drugmakers-moderna-
gilead-novavax-stock-price-profit-millions-shareholders-2020-2-1028949761
Stock sales due to trials -
https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/news/2020/05/20/novavax-prepares-stock-
sale-as-covid-19-vaccine.html
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/novavax-nvax-stock-come-too-224659672.html
“Vaccine specialist Novavax (NVAX) stepped up to the plate, and hit the ball out of
the park yet again. Investors had already enjoyed some pretty hefty gains in 2020
before more positive developments sent the stock into the stratosphere. Last week,
news that Novavax had received a $384 million grant from the Coalition for Epidemic
Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) to support the development of its COVID-19 vaccine
candidate, NVX-CoV2373, resulted in a 133% addition to the share price”
Coalition Preparedness https://cepi.net/about/whoweare/ - CEPI has secured
financial investment from the Governments of Australia, Belgium, Canada,
Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany, Japan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the
Netherlands, Norway, the UK and Switzerland, as well as the Bill & Melinda
Gates Foundation, and Wellcome. The European Commission provides
substantial financial contributions to support relevant projects through its
mechanisms. CEPI has also received donations from the private sector and
individuals through the UN Foundation’s COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund to
support our COVID-19 vaccine development efforts.
10. CUREVAC
As the race to develop a coronavirus vaccine intensifies, one player—
German drugmaker CureVac—is backed by particularly deep pockets.
CureVac, which is in the headlines amid rumors that the U.S.
government offered funding to lure its research exclusively to
America, counts one of Germany’s richest entrepreneurs, Mexican
shopping mall tycoons and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
among its investors.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/martaorosz/2020/03/16/these-are-the-
billionaire-investors-behind-german-drugmakers-developing-a-
coronavirus-vaccine/#78c83f841fb8
Regulators / Germany https://www.ft.com/content/7409dbae-6b4f-
4be0-ba75-46ed52e951ae
In the race to find a medical breakthrough to the pandemic, the
startup, CureVac, said earlier this month that its proprietary
technology has found suitable candidates that could lead to a
treatment, and that it aims to start clinical trials in early summer.
CureVac has received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation. - https://fortune.com/2020/03/16/coronavirus-cure-
trump-businesses-biotech/
11. GENEREX
Manufacturing of peptide -
https://www.globenewswire.com/news-
release/2020/05/04/2026744/0/en/Generex-Biotechnology-
Initiates-Peptide-Manufacturing-for-Ii-Key-SARS-CoV-2-Peptide-
Vaccine-Against-the-COVID-19-Pandemic.html
Stock/Generex- https://www.fool.com/investing/2020/05/17/is-
buying-a-basket-loaded-with-every-coronavirus-v.aspx “BIO, the
biggest trade group representing the biotechnology industry,
currently lists 28 companies that are actively involved in
developing COVID-19 vaccines. Here are the 21 of those
drugmakers that are publicly traded:”
12. VAXART
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif., May 20, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) --
Vaxart, Inc. (“Vaxart” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: VXRT), a clinical-
stage biotechnology company developing oral recombinant vaccines
that are administered by tablet rather than by injection, today
announced that it has selected its lead COVID-19 vaccine candidate
and has contracted with KindredBio to manufacture bulk vaccine
under cGMP to complement the manufacturing capacity of partner
Emergent BioSolutions https://www.globenewswire.com/news-
release/2020/05/20/2036357/0/en/Vaxart-Announces-Selection-of-
its-Oral-COVID-19-Vaccine-Lead-Candidate.html
Funding issues - https://seekingalpha.com/article/4334623-vaxarts-
coronavirus-stock-bump-is-unlikely-to-continue-exit-now-be-long
Cash on hand - https://www.fool.com/investing/2020/04/28/why-
vaxart-stock-slumped-today.aspx
Partnerships - https://observer.com/2020/05/covid-19-vaccine-
moderna-results-new-progress/
13. MEDICAGO
Quebec Funding -
https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/research-and-
development/government-of-quebec-providing-7m-to-
medicagos-covid-19-vaccine-development-249412/
Animal Trials - https://www.sttinfo.fi/tiedote/medicago-
announces-positive-results-in-animal-trials-for-its-vaccine-
candidate-against-covid-
19?publisherId=58763726&releaseId=69881188
Collaborative project of more than $1.2 million using artificial
intelligence to optimize the production of vaccines, announced
by CQDM and Medicago R&D - https://www.newswire.ca/news-
releases/collaborative-project-of-more-than-1-2-million-using-
artificial-intelligence-to-optimize-the-production-of-vaccines-
announced-by-cqdm-and-medicago-r-amp-d-859733879.html
14. TAKIS
“TAKIS SRL is located in ROMA, ROMA, Italy and is part of the
Scientific Research & Development Services Industry. TAKIS SRL
has 15 employees at this location and generates $1.78 million in
sales (USD). There are 4 companies in the TAKIS SRL corporate
family. https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-
profiles.takis_srl.1084976c4f88cf6ddd4089044968c511.html
Startup -
https://www.forbes.com/sites/giacomotognini/2020/04/21/inside
-the-tiny-italian-biotech-startup-racing-to-develop-a-
coronavirus-vaccine/#b686e172c106
Funding - https://finance.yahoo.com/news/applied-dna-takis-
biotech-announce-070000273.html
16. VACCINES DEVELOPMENT
GSK - https://indianexpress.com/article/coronavirus/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-glaxosmithkline-oxford-
astrazeneca-moderna-clover-status-check-6469474/
Vaccine Tracker - https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html
Gavi organization funding from sources like Bill Gates and world governments - https://www.biopharma-
reporter.com/Article/2020/06/17/Gavi-receives-billions-in-funding
Gates and Inovio - https://www.newsbreak.com/missouri/kansas-city/news/0OfXdfSR/a-potential-coronavirus-
vaccine-funded-by-bill-gates-is-set-to-begin-testing-in-people-with-the-first-patient-expected-to-get-it-
today
17. ALTIMUNE
“Shares of Altimmune (ALT) - Get Report soared Thursday after
the clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company announced the
next step in development of its coronavirus vaccine AdCovid. “In
collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, we
have commenced preclinical testing of candidates for our Covid-
19 vaccine, AdCovid,” the company said in a statement.
https://www.thestreet.com/investing/altimmune-coronavirus-
vaccine-preclinical-trial
Former Pfizer board director appointed to Altimmune -
https://www.reuters.com/companies/ALT.OQ
18. TESTING
COVID19 – Testing “It uses a simple assay containing plasmonic gold
nanoparticles to detect a color change when the virus is present. The
test does not require the use of any advanced laboratory techniques,
such as those commonly used to amplify DNA, for analysis. The authors
published their work last week in the American Chemical Society’s
nanotechnology journal ACS Nano. "Based on our preliminary results,
we believe this promising new test may detect RNA material from the
virus as early as the first day of infection. Additional studies are needed,
however, to confirm whether this is indeed the case,” said study leader
Dipanjan Pan, PhD, professor of diagnostic radiology and nuclear
medicine and pediatrics at UMSOM.”
https://www.umaryland.edu/news/archived-news/may-2020/covid-19-
results-in-10-minutes-umb-studies-rapid-test.php or
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2020/05/ten-minute-covid-19-
detection-test-using-
nanoparticles.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_
campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%
29
19. TESTING KITS
Source - https://www.medtechdive.com/news/coronavirus-tests-home-collection-quest-diagnostics-
letsgetchecked/578837/
The cost is $129 per kit!
20. GLOBAL MARKET / TESTING
Source - https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/06/01/2041269/0/en/Global-COVID-19-diagnostic-testing-market-to-amass-USD-44481-8-million-in-2020.html
• Additional costs to already strapped healthcare system
• Private insurance companies and their coverage in terms of their testing. This could mean a rise in premiums
• Consumers could be out of pocket about $129 per test.
22. ANTIBODIES
“Much remains to be learnt about the immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, it is becoming clear that antibodies taken from the
blood serum of people who have recovered from COVID-19 can be used for treatment by being transfused into other people who have the
disease”Source - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01816-5
Disappearance of antibodies 2-3 months - https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/932671
“Those who did not have a bad case of COVID-19 lose antibodies faster. Forty percent of asymptomatic individuals became seronegative and
12.9% of the symptomatic group became negative for IgG in the early convalescent phase. In addition, asymptomatic individuals exhibited lower
levels of 18 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that asymptomatic individuals had a weaker immune response to SARS-
CoV-2 infection.mThe research, published in Nature Medicine on June 18, highlights the risks of using COVID-19 ‘immunity passports’ and
supports the prolonged use of public health interventions such as social distancing and isolating high-risk groups This seems to indicate that our
better bet is t-cell-related therapies and vaccines and hygiene and social distancing.
Avoid getting together with larger groups
Stay 6-10 ten feet apart if at all possible
clean your hands every hour
Source - https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2020/06/coronavirus-antibody-immunity-fades-by-70-within-2-3-
months.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%29
23. GENE RESEARCH
Genome sequencing - https://globalnews.ca/news/7072424/alberta-researchers-genome-sequence-covid-19/
AI and Genome sequencing - http://www.genomequebec.com/486-en/news-covid-19-unprecedented-
research-combining-genomics-and-artificial-intelligenceicial-intelligence/
Blood type and genome - https://directorsblog.nih.gov/2020/06/18/genes-blood-type-tied-to-covid-19-risk-
of-severe-disease/
24. MITIGATION
Shutting down an economy should be last resort
Private sector is driven by cash flow.
The focus should be on infrastructure, getting goods to market, supply chain, advance technology and reforming of government -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-gdp-and-economy-truth-and-what-needs-to-change
All levels of government should review their pandemic responses to ensure they have updated their playbook
Annual audits of risk and crisis management should be completed each year - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-role-of-operational-and-
performancebased-auditing-on-government-and-the-private-sector
WHO needs to provide reports on virus threats including what needs to be done to mitigate the spread
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/crisis-management-how-best-to-managed-a-crisis
More coordination by the WHO with all government including monthly status calls around threats
Reporting should also be provided on the threats including performance audits of various WHO programs
Mitigating the spread is to ensure healthcare is provided with the necessary equipment -
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/index.html
Sterilization methods of equipment and masks - https://www.inthehammer.com/hamilton-firms-technology-addresses-covid-
waste-and-ppe-shortage
Protecting the most vulnerable
Screening at hospitals and long-term care facilities
Restricting the movement of staff between facilities
25. UPDATE – JUNE 23, 2020 TO JULY 1, 2O20
State of affairs with COVID19 - https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-exactly-where-were-at-with-vaccines-
and-treatments-for-covid-19
Line is forming for the vaccine - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/06/line-forming-covid-19-vaccine-who-
should-be-front
You cannot shut down the economy, but all levels of government including the private sector need to take mitigating
steps - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/transforming-the-economy-postcovid19-canada-and-the-world
China is using the pandemic to make changes with laws for Hong Kong -
https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/01/asia/hong-kong-national-security-law-intl-hnk/index.html
USA buys up key drug - https://globalnews.ca/news/7127951/us-remdesivir-supply-coronavirus/
Antibody treatment - https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/26/health/antibody-therapies-covid-19-update-
wellness/index.html
26. VACCINES, HEALTH AND SAFETY AND TESTING UPDATE
USA clinical trials - https://globalnews.ca/news/7178006/us-coronavirus-vaccine-testing/
Human trials in Quebec - https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/human-trials-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-quebec-1.5648648
World and treatment of COVID19 - https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-exactly-where-were-at-with-vaccines-and-
treatments-for-covid-19#Antivirals
Vaccines Trials - https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html
Mobile testing kits - https://www.thestar.com/business/2020/07/09/guelph-companys-mobile-covid-19-test-kit-hits-market-and-
heads-for-norther-ontario.html
Workplace measures - https://www.ontario.ca/page/develop-your-covid-19-workplace-safety-plan or
http://www.worksafesask.ca/covid-19/conducting-a-hazard-assessment-and-developing-a-safety-plan/
Mobile workers - https://www.carsondesign.com/2017/12/designing-your-office-space-for-the-mobile-workforce/
Vaccines trials - https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html or
https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/coronavirusvaccinetracker/
Government of Canada order doses - https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/feds-order-supplies-to-give-two-doses-of-covid-19-vaccine-
when-it-s-ready-1.5029530
Status of treatments and Vaccines – August 16, 2020 - https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-exactly-where-were-at-with-
vaccines-and-treatments-for-covid-19#Vaccines
Treatments - https://catsroundtable.com/yale-prof-harvey-risch-hydroxychloroquine-hcq-covid-19/
27. CONTACT TRACING
Development of contact tracing- “Contact tracing is the public health practice of informing people when they've been
exposed to a contagious disease. As it has become more widely employed across the U.S., it has also become mired in
modern political polarization and conspiracy theories.” - https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
shots/2020/07/14/890628203/conspiracy-theories-aside-heres-what-contact-tracers-really-do
Privacy issues with contact tracing
One of the biggest challenges, experts told a congressional panel this week, is dispelling the unease people feel about the government or private
companies gaining access to their personal data - https://www.marketwatch.com/story/us-contract-tracing-efforts-on-covid-19-falter-on-privacy-
worries-technology-gap-2020-07-09
Data privacy laws like HIPAA, PIPDEA and EUGRP collide with contact tracing - https://www.reuters.com/article/bc-finreg-data-privacy-contact-
tracing/data-privacy-laws-collide-with-contact-tracing-efforts-privacy-is-prevailing-idUSKCN24M1NL
There needs to be audits of the application on routine basis - https://priv.gc.ca/en/privacy-topics/health-genetic-and-other-body-
information/health-emergencies/rev_covid-app/ . All levels of government can automate the audit process through AI and Analytics -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/internal-audit-and-performance-base-auditing
28. MEDICAL SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT
Companies continue to ramped up production of ventilators - https://www.globenewswire.com/news-
release/2020/07/22/2065727/0/en/191-Million-Worldwide-Ventilator-Test-Systems-Industry-to-2027-Impact-of-
COVID-19-on-the-Market.html
Global Production - https://www.supplychainbrain.com/articles/31024-coronavirus-watch-governments-rush-to-
secure-ventilators
Canada medical supplies and equipment
https://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/comm/aic-scr/provisions-supplies-eng.html
There needs to be an audit the readiness of medical supplies and equipment
Liberals
Masks production - https://torontosun.com/news/national/company-awarded-380m-in-contracts-but-fails-to-provide-masks-
blacklocks-reporter
Ventilators - https://thepostmillennial.com/contract-awarded-to-former-liberal-mps-company-to-make-10-000-unapproved-
ventilators
29. JUSTIN TRUDEAU AND PANDEMIC MANAGEMENT
https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/the-fall-will-be-a-period-of-challenge-in-coronavirus-fight-canada-s-top-doctor-says-
1.5055678?taid=5f2e1fbcd7d51b0001834cab&utm_campaign=trueAnthem%3A+Trending+Content&utm_medium=trueAnthem&utm_sourc
e=twitter
When is @CPHO_Canada stepping down as Ms Tam is not up to any challenge when it comes to protecting the healthcare system?
1. Healthcare - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/race-for-covid19-vaccines-and-treatments or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/reforming-healthcare
2. PPE Supply - https://news.ontario.ca/opo/en/2020/08/ontario-partners-with-federal-government-and-3m-canada-on-new-n95-respirator-
manufacturing-facility.html
3. People are still entering Canada from hot spots despite saying the border was closed -
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2410000301
4. Migrant program and disease management audit - https://www.thestar.com/business/2020/08/20/migrant-worker-
program-to-undergo-federal-audit-following-massive-covid-19-outbreaks-on-canadian-farms.html
5. Health Canada and drug issues - https://www.ottawamatters.com/national-news/talks-needed-on-decriminalizing-hard-drugs-to-address-
opioid-crisis-tam-says-2657216
30. DONALD TRUMP AND PANDEMIC
Travel restrictions - https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-51846923
Pandemic funding - https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/cares CARES act was held up by Nancy Pelosi -
https://www.foxnews.com/politics/mccarthy-blames-pelosi-wish-list-coronavirus-stimulus-bill
State and local funding - https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/public-and-social-sector/our-insights/us-
coronavirus-relief-funds-a-guide-for-state-and-local-governments
Assisted living - https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-is-taking-
decisive-action-to-protect-vulnerable-citizens-in-americas-nursing-homes/
Blood treatment - https://globalnews.ca/news/7293522/donald-trump-fda-deep-state-coronavirus-vaccine/
31. CDC / DEATHS
Source - https://local12.com/news/nation-world/cdc-94-of-covid-19-deaths-had-underlying-medical-conditions-coronavirus-centers-for-disease-control or
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm?fbclid=IwAR3-wrg3tTKK5-9tOHPGAHWFVO3DfslkJ0KsDEPQpWmPbKtp6EsoVV2Qs1Q or
https://nbc25news.com/news/local/cdc-94-of-covid-19-deaths-had-underlying-medical-conditions
32. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
If you like to learn more
about trade and/or other
subjects as part of your
professional learning and
development then feel free
to review my material on
https://www.udemy.com/
(search Paul Young CPA
CGA)
These subjects address how
to fixed issues with housing
and/or systemic issues
related to economy
including government
policies
33. SUMMARY
There are many companies involved with research and development of
COVID19 vaccine -
https://www.scienceboard.net/index.aspx?sec=sup&sub=imm&pag=dis&ItemI
D=677
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are playing a key role with funding and
manufacturing - https://www.geekwire.com/2020/gates-foundation-commits-
50m-covid-19-vaccine-initiative-total-funding-now-tops-300m/ (Funding is
now over $300M (USD)
There are allot of startups involved. Various Canadian governments have been
funding VC companies related to biotech research
There appears to be lack of progress reports on the state of affairs when it
comes to government money going to vaccinations R&D -
https://cmajnews.com/2020/05/20/coronavirus-1095847/
There is allot of speculator investments going on with biotech companies as
part of reaping the rewards when vaccines go to market.
Major pharma continues to work with government, institution, labs, Tech, etc.
https://www.bioworld.com/articles/435263-astrazeneca-moving-at-warp-
speed-with-12b-in-barda-funding-for-covid-19-vaccine
Economy could see periods of slow growth for years -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/transforming-the-economy-
postcovid19-canada-and-the-world or
https://www.investmentexecutive.com/news/research-and-markets/covid-19-
to-reshape-economy-society-moodys/ or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/gdp-canada-may-2020
Moderna - https://investors.modernatx.com/financial-information/sec-filings and https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/MRNA/key-statistics/
Source - https://www.theepochtimes.com/hydroxychloroquine-study-corrected-after-more-than-100-scientists-question-findings_3371001.html or https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/hydroxychloroquine-market-2020-global-trends-growth-size-opportunities-regional-overview-leading-company-analysis-and-key-country-forecast-to-2026-2020-06-01?tesla=y or https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2020/apr/08/pharma-firms-await-ingredient-from-china-to-make-sought-after-drug-hcq-2127181.html