The document explains the topic of directions in logical reasoning, which is essential for various competitive exams. It covers key concepts like cardinal directions, relative and absolute directions, and provides examples of problems involving movements in different directions. Understanding directions is crucial for mastering seating arrangement and solving analytical questions in entrance tests.

2. Directions are part of logical reasoning. It is one of the most commonly found topics in
almost all the entrance exams. The topic requires analytical and logical skills to solve the
questions. Mastering the ‘Directions’ topic will help in gaining expertise in seating
arrangement.
‘Directions’ is one of the most common topics in the competitive exam syllabus, and at
least 2-4 questions are frequently asked in the various Government exams.

3. What is Direction?
Direction is the information contained in the relative position of one point
with respect to another point without the distance information. Directions
may be either relative to some indicated reference or absolute according to
some previously agreed upon frame of reference.

4. Main Directions

5. Cardinal Directions

6. Direct yourself
A person is walking towards you, and after walking for a few meters, he takes a right
turn. Which direction is he moving?
Solution: The direction we are facing is always assumed as North. Hence, if a person is
walking towards us, he is walking facing (towards) West.

7. Tips & Tricks
The direction of the top of the page is always considered as
North unless specified in the question.
Ex: The direction a person is facing at a present movement is
always taken as north for convenience and thereby making the
approach to solve the problem easier.

8. Directions Based on angles
Angle formed between two main directions
(i.e. North-East; North-West; South-East or South-
West) is 90°
Angle formed between a cardinal direction and
main direction is 45°.

9. Mr Deepak Mohan walks 5 km towards the south and then turns to the right.
After walking 3 km he turns to the left and walks 5 km. What direction is he
facing right now?
A.West
B.South
C.North-East
D.South-West

10. Sowmya Krishnan walked 20 m towards the north. Then she turned right and walks 30 m. Then
she turns right and walks 35 m. Then she turns left and walks 15 m. Finally she turns left and
walks 15 m. In which direction and how many meters is she from the starting position?
A. 15 m West
B. 30 m East
C. 30 m West
D. 45 m East

11. 4 Km & North Direction
Siva starting from his house, goes 5 km in the East, then he turns to his left and
goes 4 km. Finally he turns to his left and goes 5 km. Now how far is he from
his house and in what direction?

12. Mrs.Veena wants to go to the Krishna Rajendra market. She moved northwards and after
covering some distance turned left and moved 4 km and reached a crossing. The road in
front of her led to Jaynagar while the road on to her left led to Bangalore Medical College
and the road on to her right led to the Krishna Rajendra market. In which direction the
Krishna Rajendra market is located with reference to the starting point?
North West Direction

13. If South-East becomes North, North-East becomes West and so on.
What will West become?
It is clear from the diagrams that new name of West will become South-East.

14. A man is facing west. He turns 45° in the clockwise direction and then another 180° in
the same direction and then 270° in the anti-clockwise direction. Which direction is he
facing now?
South West Direction

15. Deepa moved a distance of 75 metres towards the north. She then turned to the left
and walking for about 25 metres, turned left again and walked 80 metres. Finally, she
turned to the right at an angle of 45°. In which direction was she moving finally?
South West Direction

16. Pythagoras Law
In a right angle triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse equals the
sum of the square of the other two sides.
𝒂𝟐
+ 𝒃𝟐
= 𝒄𝟐
a
c
b

17. Minimum Distance = 42 + 32
16 + 9
25
5 Km
Suresh starting from his house, goes 4 km in the East, then he turns to his
right and goes 3 km. What minimum distance will be covered by him to
come back to his house?

18. Subash walks 1 km towards east and then he turns to south and walks 5 km, again
he turns to east and walks 2 km after this he turns to north and walks 9 km, how far
is he from starting point?
Distance from starting point
= (1 + 2)2+42
= 9 + 16
= 25
= 5

19. The directions of sun rays and shadow
The sun's position in the sky can be used to determine east and west if the general time
of day is known. In the morning, the sun rises roughly in the east and tracks upwards. In
the evening it sets roughly in the west.
1.At the time of Sunrise if a man stands facing the East, his shadow will be towards West.
2.At the time of Sunset the Shadow of an object is always in the East.
3.If a man stands facing the North, at the time of sunrise his shadow will be towards his left and at
the time of sunset it will be towards his right.
At 12:00 noon, the rays of the sun are vertically downward hence there will be no
shadow.

20. One morning after sunrise Juhi while going to school met Lalli at Boring road crossing.
Lalli's shadow was exactly to the right of Juhi. If they were face to face, which direction
was Juhi facing?
Clue 1 : In the morning sunrises in the east.
Clue 2 : In morning the shadow falls towards the west.
Clue 3 : Now Lalli's shadow falls to the right of the
Juhi.
Hence Juhi is facing South

21. One morning Udai and Vishal were talking to each other face to face at a crossing. If
Vishal's shadow was exactly to the left of Udai, which direction was Udai facing?
North

22. One evening before sunset Rekha and Hema were talking to each other face to face. If
Hema's shadow was exactly to the right of Hema, which direction was Rekha facing?
In the evening sun sets in West.
Hence then any shadow falls in the East
Since Hema's shadow was to the right of Hema.
Hence Rekha was facing towards South.

23. One morning after sunrise, Nandita and Ravi were sitting in a lawn with their
backs towards each other. Nandita’s shadow fell exactly towards her left-hand
side. Which direction was Ravi facing?
Since it was morning and Nandita’s shadow fell exactly to her left-hand side,
Nandita was facing North and hence Ravi should be facing South. Hence the
answer is South.
Solution:

24. P, Q, R, and S are playing a game of carrom. P, R, and S, Q are
partners. S is to the right of R who is facing west. Then Q is
facing?
Since R is facing West and P is the partner of R P is
facing East. Also, S is to the right of R, so S will be
facing South and Q is the partner of S.
Therefore, Q will face North.

25. Thank You