Malamig na pagsasanib, Tesla, Libreng enerhiya = Palsipikado agham ? / Cold Fusion, Tesla, Free energy = Pseudo science? (part 1 of 2)

BEN RUSUISIAK
NEW NATURE PARADIGM TECH ANALYSIS
MALAMIG NA PAGSASANIB,
TESLA, LIBRENG ENERHIYA..
= PALSIPIKADO AGHAM?!
COLD FUSION, TESLA, “FREE ENERGY”
= PSEUDO SCIENCE? PART 1 OF 2
ANG BAGONG TULARAN SA TEKNOLOHIYA NG ENERHIYA
NA MAY GEO- SOCIO - PINANSIYAL NA EPEKTO
ANALYSIS OF NEW ENERGY PARADIGM: INCLUDING
CONTROVERSIAL & QUESTIONABLE CLAIMS
VANCOUVER, BC, CANADA, Updated Dec 10, 2016
www.linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm

2
BUOD: NATITIRANG BAHAGI NG PAGTATANGHAL NA ITO AY NASA INGLES
• "Malamig na pagsasanib"(mababang enerhiya Reaksiyong nukleyar, Coldfusion-LENR) ay nasa virtual na pagtanggap sa
pamamagitan ng mainstream agham: Enerhiya ay ginawa na may libreng "fuel" + kagamitan + cost pagpapatakbo, ring
tagumpay pagsubok maginoo termonuklear fusion para sa mga walang limitasyong enerhiya sa 2013. Walang opisyal na
mainstream agham itinataguyod commercialized device LENR bilang ng Enero 2016, ngunit 1MW koryente generator
"ECAT" ay ibinebenta sa pang-industriya market sa ilalim ng mga tiyak na kasunduan.、
Ito ay maaari ring maging sanhi ng mainstream buong pagsusuri; ng agham / media binabalewala at panlilibak ang paulit-
ulit na bagong mga claim ng pribadong micro scale paggamit ng imbentor "libreng enerhiya" teknolohiya: 1- bunutan ng
nakapaligid na enerhiya tulad ng sa paraan ng koryente, 2- Bumuo ng boltahe sa baligtarin at pag-aani para sa
kapangyarihan sa halip ng paggamit ng dagdag na puwersa upang kanselahin ito(counter elektromotibo puwersa motor),
3- Imbayog / geometry reaksyon pinabilis na mabilis HHO gas - ay maaaring magamit rin upang madagdagan ang enerhiya
haydrokarbon output habang lubhang cut fumes, 4- Paglikha ng plasma o estado uliuli sa tubig/gas, 5- Compressed
hangin, init pakikipagpalitan, & amplifying mekanismo na nag-convert sa kapangyarihan, 6- Water emulsyon incorporating
malayo sa kabila ng 20% tubig, 7- Harvesting underwater air lumulutang force + gravity, 8- Hydrodynamic cavitation
heater, 9- Betz limitasyon paglabag pagganap hydro / wind turbine, 10- Single Junction solar cell na may kahusayan
lampas Shockley- Queisser limit etc.etc. Tila sila upang tumakbo sa mekanika din sinamahan ng mga side effect
kasalukuyang pisika ay hindi maaaring ipaliwanag, mababang gastos imprastraktura, at tangi sa roon,at posibleng ma-
convert sa iba pang mga "hindi karaniwang pisika“ techs na may napakahusay epekto na maaaring palitan ang karamihan
ng mga pagpapaandar, medikal, nuclear waste remediation, at ilang mahahalagang mining - pang-industriya - Pagsasaka
proseso - Kung sakaling ang isang kumpletong buong pang-agham pagsusuri peer Isinagawa bilang isang follow up、
Ang pagtaas ng mga dokumento at testigo sa iba't-ibang mga iba't ibang mga uri ng "bukas na dulo" "palsipikado agham"
pananaliksik at pag-unlad sa ilang mga ahensya ng Gobyerno/Espasyo/Militar/Intelligence kasama taguan pribadong
kontratista, protektado sa ilalim ng pambansang seguridad, ibig sabihin, black programa na badyet, na sa itaas na
nakasaad samahan executive kanilang sarili madalas walang access sa. Ito ay lubos na ihiwalay mula sa "patay-end"
"pampublikong pagkonsumo agham" na kung saan ay sinusubaybayan at pinaghihigpitan ayon sa pamamagitan ng "batas
ng agham”; halimbawa Sa isang teknolohiya advanced na bansa , ay nagpapahiwatig ng kahit na mga opisyal na rekord,
Mahigit 1000 imbensyon sa Kapaligiran - Enerhiya - Pagpapaandar, maraming patentadong, iniuri sa pamamagitan ng lihim
Batas. Sa kabila ng lahat ng ito, mayroong maraming maliit na mapaglalang ngunit kapag pinagsama-sama hindi
malabo ang mga karatula mula sa higit sa kalahati ng Kanluranin pagtatatag upang dahan-dahan ipakilala ang mga
bagong walang limitasyong tularan ang "Buksan Sistema" 、
Kahit na pang-industriya proseso ng parehong mga gas -langis-uling batay at alternatibong enerhiya Maaaring manatili sa
pamamagitan ng makabagong-likha, commercialization ng libreng enerhiya mismo ay hindi maiwasan at ito ang peligro sa
mga social pagkagambala Samakatuwid dialogue ay kailangan upang talakayin kung ano-rate ang lahat ng mga kaugnay
na teknolohiya / impormasyon upang maiwaksi at inamin sa opisyal na paraan

ABSTRACT: LENR-Cold Fusion effect itself has been virtually accepted by mainstream science: Energy produced with
basically free “fuel” + equipment & operation cost. Although unadmitted by creative interpretations, thermodynamic
over-unity or Persistent Current/motion is officially observed in quantum level nano circuit, beyond Shockley-Queisser
limit efficiency solar cell, non-linear optic/laser/spintronics, time crystal, & magnetocaloric effects. Academic taboo
with extracting photon or electron fluctuation in vacuum, Maxwell's demon, affirming quantum ratchet, Casimir force
harvesting micro electronic device, & violation of 2nd law are finally discussed at mainstream journals. No publicly
endorsed LENR device exists, but 1MW electricity generator "Ecat" has been claimed to be sold with pre-conditions.、
Low cost resonance/magnet based major emission reducers with 10%+ extra efficiency, solid state thermo Electric/
thermo PhotoVoltaics heat-to-energy systems, & highly efficient Waste-To-Fuel/Energy systems with Catalytic,
SuperCritical water, Cold or Steam Plasma mechanics are starting to make inroads quietly. Above changes might
foreshadow first full science review of recurring inventors' hyper energy efficiency claims & small commercialized
installations: e.g. 1-Extracting nano oscillation/radiant energy as industrial electricity, 2-Harvesting DC reverse voltage
power instead of using force to cancel it(Back EMF), 3-Resonance catalyzed HHO/Oxy-hydrogen gas, also as mileage
booster, 4-Electromagnetic or cold plasma pulse/vortex creation in confined water/inert gas, 5-Compressed air &
COP>1 heat exchanger converted to mechanical power, 6-Catalyzed emulsion fuel with far beyond 50% H2O,
7-Hydrocarbon increased by std photocatalyzed O2 Nanobubble water & fuel emulsion, when infused with CO2 in
room temp/pressure. +variations, 8-Combining underwater air floating force & down gravity, 9-Propellantless drive,
10-Hydrodynamic cavitation heater, 11-Betz limit excess hydro/wind turbine, 12-Pyromagnetic self running heat
producing trash decomposer, etc. They often seem to run on mechanics & accompanied by common side effects
current official physics cannot explain(explained by Torsion physics or pre-Heaviside Maxwell equations), low cost, &
are convertible to superior new techs that can replace majority of propulsion, weather, medical, nuclear remediation,
time dilation, psychology, algorithm, & key mining-industrial-farming processes -IF fully peer reviewed in science.、
Recent paradigm shift might warrant disruptive official investigations on questionable but increasing documents/
testimonial claims on above alternative physics based “open-end pseudo science” R&Ds by groups working across
Gov’t/Aerospace/Military/Intel agencies & private contractors, hidden under secrecy law, to which above organizations’
executives often have no access i.e "unacknowledged" projects. They seem to be totally freed from “dead-end public
consumption science" & education that are restricted by “science law”: e.g. At one nation, according to official data,
1000+ inventions in Enviro-Energy-Propulsion-Medical field, including patented, are classified by "national security"
label, & applied to its allies. But as indicated at beginning, there are collectively clear signs that a majority of
establishment is attempting to gradually release unlimited “Open System” technologies & to reduce tech debunking.
Overall, mainstream commercialization of unlimited energy production is inevitable & it risks social disruption, hence
public discussion on how all related tech/geopolitical info to be officially released & endorsed can be valuable.

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm - Ben Rusuisiak, Vancouver BC, Canada 4
PART 1 CONTENTS
• p06 Science accepted high efficiency generators & free energy harvesters
• p64 Solar, Wind, & Hydro power efficiency beyond official science limit 、
. p83 Still under-utilized vast Biomass, Waste-to-Energy, & Hydrocarbons
• p122 Ten categories of inventors' seeming “over-unity” claims
• p152 Commercialization attempts
• p161 Law of Thermodynamics interpretations, “Dissident” scientists
• p164 Scalar “wave”, Standing wave resonance, Torsion field..
• p198 Terahertz & Far Infrared waves, “No light” Photo Catalysis, ORMUS..
• p224 LENR/Cold Fusion update, Losers & Gainers by its success
• p239 Reduced suppressions, energy paradigm smooth transition models
• p249 Radical ramifications if inventor tech becomes mainstream
• p302 ZPE related outrageous claims & controversial tech lobby accusations
• p370 Debatable Free Energy Summary & Recommendations .._...、 .. ....
.. That Are Still Considered as Far-Fetched
• PART 2 (In Slideshare click [here], Part 1&2 in one file at Scribd [here])

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm - Ben Rusuisiak, Vancouver BC, Canada
QUALIFICATION OF INFORMATION
• This presentation focuses on less known but latest science consensus forming technologies on
strict effect basis, while a bulk of highest efficiency low cost techs & a majority of "outrageous"
& controversial claims category contradict predominant view, especially of Wikipedia &
Western media/NGOs. Hence attendants/readers are recommended to re-assess the data from
own independent perspective
• Regarding Controversial But Future Critical Technologies Discussed:
■ Term “Free energy” or “Over-unity” in this presentation is defined as seeming as if:
-1 Drawing of more energy than exerted to generate
-2 Continuous motion without energy input
-3 Using free material generally not considered as fuel、
■ Inventors-scientists-witnesses: their claims might involve higher likelihood of:
-4 Fabrication, reliability exaggeration, or statistical error chance of observed effect
-5 At least above collective majority seems to consistently produces claimed effects
• Currently more detailed reference list is being produced & will be published separately:
The research is updated based on reviewing academic papers & journals, books, speeches,
presentations, patents, lab/commercialized product testimonies/complaints, publications &
public records of NGOs/media/research institutes/think tanks/military/space & gov't agencies/
industry associations. Most effects quoted have accumulative-consistent evidence from
unrelated era & source, but mechanics listed are hypothetical. Commercialized company/
products are shown in Boldface Navy. Due to space constraints, referenced individual names
are given with max 3 letters of first name with whole last name(except some non-Western
names), & company names are listed in a way that is findable by search engine.
5
• THIS FILE IS PART 1 of 2 SERIES: BOTH 2 FILES CAN BE VIEWED IN ONE FILE AT:
Scribd [click here], Issuu [here], or Yumpu [here]

6
• Main academia/media in mid-late 1800s forecasted commercialized free energy
by early 1900s(Anthony+), 1- Free Ground Earth Battery regularly demonstrated
self charging or inducing electricity capacity in low moisture, also power
generation efficiently of two-points-voltage gap depends on location(Snow,
Lockwood, Wilkins, Dieckmann, Strong, Bain, Edard, Haworth, Bear, Mellon,Hicks,
Cerpaux, Garratt, Lamont +); invention rush for telegraph use, Along with strong
claims of pre-dated telephony & wireless(Meucci, Stubblefield, Tesla+),
2- Very low cost Vaccumized Air/Compressed Air engine/residential-industrial
system, Trompe/Water Pumps also widely used in France etc(Rix, Mekarski,
Hardie, Hoadley, C Hodges+)
• Non earth battery free energy claims mixed: General lack of information to tell
degree of actual physical effects from fabrication, some can be valid, Involved
mainstream scientists till early 1900s, yet no widely known commercialization
• Science legal 1&2 disappeared from schooling/research while other types of free
energy & repeated side effects in combination didn’t fit with “science package”
then & now; gradually became irrelevant/pseudo science, which matched major
business-financial lobby interest then
QUEST FOR “FREE ENERGY”: 1
CLAIMS STARTED WELL BEFORE 1800S

7
QUEST FOR “FREE ENERGY”: 2
TOWARDS MODERN ERA
• Same mechanics & side effects were repeated by unrelated inventors, but linear progress
was often limited to recent Western academia(LENR, Cavitation), Also Russia-Soviet had
some development(Cavitation, Torsion, Ion heater, Ultrasonic, EM pulse) at official level.
• Boiled down to 10 or so base mechanics(p122-150) with similar tendency:
a➢ Often energy is ”triggered in” by rapid change in pressure-voltage-spin, pulse, plasma-
magnetic field, cavitation, transmutation, anomalous electron movement causing/caused by
standing wave resonance, or antioxidant prone "field effect", linking to quantum coherence
b➢ Manifest as anomalous cooling/heat, water hammer, vibration coupling, electrical
breakdown, spike, surge, implosion, spontaneous corona discharge, ball lightning, vortex,
harmonics, similar to Electron Avalanche, Field Emission effect etc, treated as short circuit etc
c➢ Seemingly influenced by cosmo-geophysical factors, avoided by extra energy use
d➢ "Static Electricity" is more like high voltage, can flow, & useable for industrial electricity
e➢ Mainstream insistence on defending clear flaws in Electromagnetic Induction law
• i.e. not closed system?; some "free energy"(p122-150) efficiency fluctuates, by time-location,
altitude, orientation etc; similar to ground-earth battery, In rare cases emotion seems to
affect(O Carr, J Keely, Ra Ring, Th Ludwig, Dan Davidson,Vogel, Seelhofer, R Schild+)
• Occasional rift:1- Mainstream Western scientist vs 2- Inventor, sidelined & Non-Western
scientist(Russia, China+), Some mainstream scholars in West as exception(Austria, Italy+)

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm - Ben Rusuisiak: Specialty Cleantech Analysis, Vancouver, Canada
8
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED “FREE ENERGY”
MICROCURRENT HARVESTING
• FREE ENERGY TYPES; increasingly actively commercialized (indicated
by navy color letters),
■ MICRO CURRENT ENERGY HARVESTERS(technically dated turbine
based smart water meter water flow harvester[also gas meter], or across
the board full mainstream use wind & solar type micro current generator
is not covered in this presentation(eg indoor use calculator).
• Generally negligible as industrial power. Most of them are
commercialized after yr 2000. Used for switches, sensors,
meters(structural integrity, industrial, logistics, transportation,
equipment), IoT(Internet of Things), remote monitoring segment use etc:
Perpetually Powered Systems. Often auto Wireless Transmission function
is built in as one of key benefits.
• This is currently one of most rapid progress energy generation efficiency
& use in commercialization along with industrial use solid state electrical
generator from heat, electronics manufacturing, solar power, & energy
saving waste water/desalination process.

9
2 MICROCURRENT HARVESTING II
• -->>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; increasing actively commercialized
exceptions, ■ Micro Current Energy Harvesters: 、Focus in this application is
to have sufficient power generation for the device and not necessarily high
efficiency. Devices only produce very small power but there are relevancies
& relations to other much larger macro scale "energy harvesting"
mechanics covered in presentation. Some mechanics with relatively easy
industrial electrical generation potential in this segment are marked as #
• Often use of metamaterials(engineered structure to increase wave-
vibration resonance amplifying for harvesting etc), even
MEMS(MicroElectroMechanical System) now works in very low freq. of
under 30hz with S shaped cantilever etc(Huicong Liu +), or increase wide
band reception compared to resonance devices with only small number of
limited frequencies are harvested.
• Often ROI comes at first time replacement of battery or fizzled wire for
sensors especially in remote or difficult to reach locations. -->>continued:

10
• -->>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; increasing actively commercialized
exceptions, ■ Micro Current Energy Harvesters:
• Often ROI comes at first time replacement of battery or fizzled wire for sensors
especially in remote or difficult to reach locations. Many devices combine multiple
mechanics to maintain required electrical supply level. Free energy harvesting
micro devices are generally not frequently reported in newspapers or energy saving
publications due to micro electrical nature, but products are available for very wide
range of sensoring/actuating applications. Some cases there is no differentiator to
long lasting battery system(eg self charging tire sensor for non-commercial vehicle).
Many companies sell "Evaluation Kit" to test out. Following 1-14 main methods are
listed as general representative energy scavenging methods.
• ■1# Low temperature dif.(1-20°C) Thermoelectric device(industrial type generator
version at p50-53): easily made as garage project with high performance Seebeck
effect parts(A Makosinski+) & commercialized for consumer market prior to current
industrial use micropower in 1990s and withdrawn(Citizen Eco-Drive Thermo, Seiko
Thermic), more recent consumable types(Fujitsu, Yamaha had test products,
Vodaphone: PowerPocket+), Latest consumer watch market debut (Matrix
Industries+). Can be woven into fabric(KAIST South Korea+)(Gr Moriarty+), mass
produceable by easy printing(AIST Japan+).
3 LOW TEMP MICRO THERMOELECTRIC

11
4 THERMOELECTRIC, PIEZOELECTRIC
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Harvesters: ■1 ThermoElectric:、
Relatively significant penetration for mainstream industrial monitoring use last
several yrs(Micropelt, EnOcean, Laired Technologies, Marlow Industries, Perpetua
Power Source+), fair number of bio sensor focus companies(MC10 inc+), thin micro
device for wearables(Thermogen Technologies+), but super high density harvester
by combo with solar in wristwatch format is shelved?(EnergyBionics Carbon:
Ebersold+). Low cost printed super thin material that is capable of micro current to
industrial size electricity conversion from heat(Otego GmbH+). Overall this sector is
filled with many players existing in West.
• ■2# Piezoelectricity(material directly produces electricity when deformed, most
widely commercialized in microcurrent generator types), Often use Barium Titanate
(BaTiO3) or Zinc Oxide (ZnO), PZT: Lead zirconate titanate. Following elements are
often relevant to majority of microcurrent generation by ambient scavenging(other
than piezo methods)
• ●Usually takes cantilever of bimorph or unimorph(one electricity producing piezo
layer) generator with magnetic tip to interact with fixed two magnets of above &
below. To maximize resonance tuning of wide range or many frequencies(to amplify
energy harvesting), multimorph/multilayer or cantilever array located side by side
row is arranged.

12
5 PIEZOELECTRIC II MICRO & MACRO
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Energy
Harvesters: ■2 Piezoelectricity:
●But for non-linear frequency harvesting(non-repetitive vibration)
focus, resonance might be avoided: Stochastic Bi-stable or Multi
stable, cantilever with magnetic tip to interact with one magnet at
ﬁxed position that is same "height" as extension of cantilever. Also
might use buckled beam with with both ends clamped with middle.
• Parametric resonance(not set to narrow frequency resonance
emphasis but incorporating non-linear movements: non periodic
one time only unique arbitrary motion is ok) type non linear
inductance-capacitance of piezo vibration: eg Velocity Damped
Resonant Generator(VDRG) by EM damping, Coulomb Damped
Resonant Generators(CDRGs) by electrostatic damping. Can be
combined with other methods such as electromagnetic
induction.

13
6 PIEZOELECTRIC III COMMERCIAL E.G.
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Energy Harvesters:
■2 Piezoelectricity:
• ◆ Generally wide range of vibration is harvested as energy(ReVibe Energy,
Mide Volture, Arveni fr+),
◆Battery combo emphasis (Linear Technology+), ◆Switch focus(Algra Group+),
◆ Automobile distance warning(Ceratec Engineering Corporation+),
◆Automatic parking space broadcaster (ParkHere GmbH), ◆High power
density(MicroGen Systems MSM, AdaptivEnergy RLP, 8power+), ◆Footsteps
use for surveillance device (Pavegen+), ◆AAA battery self charging battery or
10sec shaking 3mins lighting LED ﬂashlight was taken out of market quickly
(ブラザー工業)
◆Large industrial power is possible: 200kw+/km production at busy hwy
became possible with multi-stacked structure(Edery-Azulay/Innowattech),
Polyvinylidene Fluoride(PVDF) based ﬂexible Piezoelectric -
FerroElectric(electrically polarized material) polymer woven fabric +
photovoltaic coating(El Siores /FibrLec). ◆Others: Wearables(Flexous BV -
Kinergizer+), Tire sensor for transport or mining trucks (Transense,
SilentSensors+), Spray paint on surface to make it a generator
(www.munekata.jp/eh/),

14
7 PIEZOELECTRIC IV VARIATIONS
■2 Piezoelectricity:
Others: Wearables(Flexous BV - Kinergizer+), Tire sensor for transport or mining trucks
(Transense, SilentSensors+), Spray paint on surface to make it a generator
(www.munekata.jp/eh/), PVDF based /pyroelectric/thermoelectric & Piezoelectric
functioning soft thin polymer film (Kureha Kagaku), Self charging by human motion
Small flashlight(株式会社スライブ– 圧電素子+)
Pacemaker sensor from heartbeat(KAIST, smart-MEMPHIS Silex [enhanced harvesting
by MEMS PZT: Lead zirconate titanate]+), People movement surveillance by step-in
mattress tracking(東リイーテリア),
SOME OF OTHER PIEZO, PIEZO LIKE MECHANICS, or SYNERGIZED COMBO:
i -ElectroStrictive Polymer(change shape or lengthen under electric field or vice versa,
significant degree of actuation occurs by electricity applied & used for artificial
muscle) for much increased efficiency(Mcknight & Mcginnis+) even if electric field
needs to be generated for power harvesting, likely already in military use for much
higher macro level power generation. 、
ii-Simiar to above "i" but very soft super stretchable Dielectric Elastomer is low cost
material and useable for wave/hydro energy(Softgen Univ Auckland+): 1w per human
step range. 0.1mm thick elastic rubber paper like "power generating rubber" with 2 to
10 times higher than conventional piezo material(Ricoh), 、

15
8 PIEZOELECTRIC V, EM INDUCTION
■2 Piezoelectricity: OTHER PIEZO, PIEZO LIKE MECHANICS or combo: 、
iii-Radio Frequency harvesting by piezo system with cantilever system(Mahmoud
Al Ahmad+), iv-Far more minute level vibration sensitive Nanostructure or
NanoWire/NEMS (NanoElectroMechanical Systems) can be much more efficient
than conventional piezoelectric (KAIST: Keon Jae Lee+),
v-Other mechanical combination are explored and deemed to have advantages:
Shape Memory Alloy(SMA, by temperature change)(p62,63), Magnetic Shape
Memory Alloy(MSMA)(AdaptaMat Oy: MSMA without piezo combo),
• ■3 ElectroMagnetic Induction from vibration or motion: magnet oscillates on
cantilever/spring with coil wrapping it around to generate electricity from
ambient sound or vibration(Perpetuum, Adamant jp, Star Micronics, MicroStrain
+), using oscillating move/EM field of outside of device using rotating or vertical
motion(Joulefusion+), Focus on low end 5hz frequency recovery for spotting
personnel & harvesting energy in office/factory(Mono-wireless+): eg walking
sound on carpet. Random directional motion into rotational energy to drive
generator, similar to gyro mechanics(Witt Energy+): this company aims for
industrial size generator. Human motion based battery charger for
phones(AMPY Live Charged), 、

16
9 RF RECTENNA
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Energy Harvesters: 、
■4# Ambient & purpose-broadcasted RF wave frequency Harvester & Rectenna:
Harvests electromagntic wave usually Radio Frequency range & convert to DC
electricity(This section deals up to 10Ghz. As for 10-30,000Ghz range
Rectenna[Terahertz & Far InfraRed], see p58 •i for industrial sized electricity
generation). Some can only Harvest from purpose intended directed broadcaster-
receiver set, as well as inadvertent 10m range 3rd party strong signal(Cymbet
EnerChip, ZF Switches & Sensors, Nowi Energy+). 、
But actually far away ambient radio wave(from WiFi, wireless phone, power line,
lightning or RF range electric motor noise etc) harvester did exist from yr2000s(RCA
Airpower, withdrawn twice after media debunking, probably consumer directed
marketing exaggerated their reaction as happens often for disruptive energy tech),
and now available again(Drayson Freevolt, PowerCast Corp, Nikola Labs+), Much
more robust battery charger for dual mode low frequency EM field & high frequency
WiFi wave(DennisSiegel.de). 、
Resonance based amplified industrial level electricity harvesting is approved by
Philippine' gov't(Ism Aviso) but western media level pseudoscience. Multiple
invention "free energy" engineers often includes this method(Moray, Tesla+). Note
higher freq Thz/FIR level industrial power harvesting is officially science
approved(p50).

17
10 AMBIENT EM WAVE HARVESTING
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Harvesters: ■4 RF wave Harvester:
There are wide range of RF scavenging methods available but technology is really
simple especially for non micro sized system(eg see below Crystal radio): Generally lab
recovery efficiency to electricity as of 2016 is at least 70%+ and some are reaching
unity level: "Full absorption" idea or 90+% recovery already at single Ghz range
frequency and continues up to Thz/FIR(Almoneef & Ramahi, Emr Karakaya, Fur Dincer
+),(but media level pseudoscientization of this claim occurs). Crystal radio set up(one
popular type is antenna coil and inductive tuning coil[no antenna is also possible],
speaker is usable without outside power) has wide band harvesting capability & many
home made large device can have much higher than micro device harvesting
capability.
• Some focus to increase power by Ultra-broadband EM induction or Piezo-
Electromagnetic or multiple vibration mode EM induction, etc(EnerBee+)
• HIGH VOLTAGE POWER LINE scavenging: Near field high power line's EM field flux
directly or, Additionally generating vibration with interaction of device magnet with EM
field to harvest extra energy from piezoelectric effect(Hosseinimehr & Tabesh+) etc, for
self powered electric current transmission monitoring purpose: mostly Wireless
Powerline Sensor(Sentient Energy IBOLT, USi Power Donut+), low power 3amp
working(Aclara Tollgrade LightHouse), or advanced monitoring(INCON GridSense Line
IQ, Lindsey Transmission Line Monitor+): This application is full mainstream use in some
regions/industry power monitoring segments while almost none in others. -->>cont:

18
11 HIGH VOLTAGE LINE, EARTH MAG F.
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Harvesters: ■4 RF wave
Harvester: HIGH VOLTAGE POWER LINE scavenging:、
Underwater submerged power line harvesting(Dyden Corporation+): this
company also makes usually minute current limited ElectroStatic Induction
harvester boosting with resonance use for 6-12V max 6W workable
constant harvesting(from 500kv, 6.5m away AC line). House level voltage
line monitoring(Panoramic Power+). Harvesting from high power line is also
easiest method as capacitive coupling as well as RF crystal radio reception
method, some seem to illegally "steal or burrow power" from semi far
field(10-50m) away with home made device. Same induction can be made
from near radio station transmitter,、
Also this induction of fluxing/changing magnetic field enables Power Factor
Correction device can reduce not only Apparent Power billed industrial
electricity, but even Actual Power billed residential electricity cost(p182),
but latter effect is still pseudoscience in Western mainstream. YET, basically
same mechanics based super high efficiency induction power harvester
from Florescent light inverter, to operate surveillance camera & video
transmission both is quietly commercialized in Japan for last 10yrs(Nippon
Denki - NEC), -->>cont:

19
12 EARTH MAG FIELD, LARGE PWR
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Harvesters: ■4 RF wave
Harvester: Geo Magnetic Field:
• EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD(Geo Magnetic field:GMF) or RELATED AMBIENT
LOW FREQUENCY RESONANCE(7-50hz) use as base mechanics: can be very
large dimension(1-1000m long) Electrodynamic Tether can generate
significant industrial electricity by fast moving conductive long wire against
earth magnetic field(Tether Unlimited+), But this mainstream explanation
might not be main reason for its workability: less to do with GMF but generally
more to do with voltage gradient in troposphere, & solar wind-cosmic ray is
fluctuating GMF & existence of highly charged air particles with extreme
temperatures at thermosphere(where tether is mostly used)?
• Tire equipped coil generates micropower as car is driven & tire
rotates(Infineon Technologies AG). One manufacturer commercialized self
charging LED flashlight claiming by GMF interaction but seemingly over
promising fast chargeability to cause low ratio customer satisfaction(ADGEX
ELFE): harvesting method is not explained clearly, and static GMF advertising
might be more of a gimmick, and bulk might come from tapping RF waves or
even ambient vibration. -->>cont:

20
13 EARTH MAG FIELD, MICRO PWR
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■4 RF wave Rectenna: Geo Mag
Field(GMF):
GMF energy harvester type of products are well within easy commercialization
by using mainstream science approved or tacitly non-debunked GMF energy
harvesting mechanics in multiplication. Some such examples are given in
following a-f:
• a-Medical sensor energy harvester(Ferro Solutions Inc: Jiankang Huang,
O'Handley et al), b-Amplification of general ambient electric field time variance
harvesting: Alternating conductive and dielectric layer film coupled by capacitor
of resonance RLC circuit (Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor)(Tao & Owhadi): similar
mechanics as "Orgone energy" layering(p283,284)、
c-Even conservative mainstream science group admits solely GMF based static
electrical generation is possible by use of electro-conducting cylindrical shell of
manganese zinc ferite(Chyba & Hand+), d- Schumann freq level resonance focus
amplifying, using Casimir oscillation amplification type capability: Quantum
Oscillator(see next page "f"), e-Actually most of self charging Flashlight type
device energy scavenging can come from non earth resonance: high power
line(50-60hz etc), or radio wave(0.5-30mhz)/wifi(2-4ghz) induction etc, or
completely different harvesting methods can be combined. -->>cont:

21
14 CASIMIR FORCE & NANO OSCILLAT.
■4 RF wave Harvester: EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD/GeoMagnetic field(GMF):
• f-1 This might be deemed as side information but minute oscillations like
even Casimir force(vacuum fluctuation, Zeropoint energy relation) is
measurerable by microcantilever(Mohideen+),、
Successful Casimir force driven device since 2001 is completely ignored
even by scientific media(Fed Capasso: Lucent Technologies/Bell Lab+):
basically Casimir force is consistently harvestable as energy by MEMS/
NEMS(NanoElectroMechanical Systems)(Dum Caruntu+), While Casimir
and van der Waals forces are agreed to be main reason for stiction failure
of MEMS cantilever(Mic Serry+),
• Needs proper consideration for its major role in nano-generator
design(Raf Ardito+): e.g. when membranes work in vacuum without
capillary forces (Jian-Ning Ding+). But Casimir force itself is reversible by
using NEMS(D Lopez[ANL]+) etc(neg refractive index material), & even
can cause nano levitation(Ulf Leonhardt, Fed Capasso+). -->>cont:

22
15 CASIMIR FORCE & PWR HARVESTING
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Microcurrent Energy
Harvesters: ■4 RF wave Harvester: GeoMagnetic field(GMF):、
f-2 Progressive end of mainstream academics get patent on MEMS
or nano polymer used Casimir force extraction KWh level electrical
generator with some mainstream funding(Jovion Corp: Moddel &
Haisch). Similarly, Casimir cavity's energy gap bet inside & outside
should be able to be used for energy extraction as well as gravity
control?(Calloni & Di Fiore et al+)、
f-3 "Nano" Oscillation based Brownian Ratchet or Ambient Thermal
noise harvesting are all workable: Minority conservative end of
mainstream academic stance or media level science asserts still
such nano level oscillation is impossible to harvest as ratchet
rotation even if oscillation exists(R Feynman+), but it is actually
extracted as energy by rectification(Astumian+). Now
experimental results on various quantum fluctuation is finally
accepted in academic papers as 'true"(p251)

23
16 MAGNETOSTRICTIVE/ELECTROSTATIC
■5# MagnetoStrictive Material(MsM) creates magnetic field when changes its shape,
hence causes time varied magnetic field with vibration, & this is picked up as
electricity by coil around it(Ferro Solutions Inc, Moritex Corporation, Shonan-
metaltec), Epoxy covered high impact useable generator(Tohoku Steel+), Batteryless
wireless mouse by thermoelectric harvesting combo(Seiko Instruments+)
• Galfenol based(alloy of iron and gallium) or Terfenol's latest version is order of
magnitude more efficient vibration energy harvester(20-30% range as a result) than
conventional piezoelectric material & material lasts much longer due to no
degradation or becoming brittle due to piezo vibration(Tos Ueno+).
• Similar Ferrofluid based energy harvester is also deemed highly effective: while
effectively absorbing vibration,
• ■6 Electrostatic Induction from vibration: Generally power is produced by conversion
of oscillation to changed positioning or distance between electrodes: varying
capacitance. Some involve electret(dielectric material with semi permanent electron
polarization state). Can be very low cost with no magnets or piezo material(Omron -
THHINK Wireless Technologies - Konishiyasu+), Walking motion sensor by unique
rotating generator by use of electret(Hokuriku Electric Industry) -->>cont:

24
■7# TriboElectric NanoGenerator (TENG): TriboElectricity/Contact
Electrification is utilized as newly announced tech in 2011(Zhong Lin
Wang). Harvest energy effectively in wide bandwidth from both minute
contact electrification & electrostatic induction, Invention increased usable
efficiencies from less than 1% to max 50-60+% in few yrs from both regular
& irregular motions, with near future industrial power application:
• Unique mechanics: for example, leading devices often have multiple
power generation modes:
• i-two different material based electrodes surface-touching &
detaching, ii-sliding, iii-direct skin contact, rain drop or air flow etc on
device surface(single electrode mode), iv- "Free standing layer": Pair
of symmetric electrodes is located below a dielectric layer, and the
size of the electrodes and the gap distance between them are of
same order as size of the moving layer, & when this layer approaches
or distances electricity flows between electrodes. -->>cont:
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED“FREE ENERGY”
17 TRIBOELECTRIC TENG - INTRO

25
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■7 TriboElectric (TENG):
Initially there was a major technical challenge: power could not be used as is for
micro device since power is generated as AC(alternative current) and intermittent,
hence required a battery/capacitor. But due to TENG's high voltage with low
amp(i.e. high impedance), there was problem to connect effectively with
capacitor(low impedance, hence lose most of power without storing).
• This impedance mismatch problem was solved by two capacitor system to run micro
device from non linear motions like intermittent human tapping, also deployed with
other tribo mechanics: Hybridizing with EM induction or piezo polymer etc(纳⽶新能
源有限公司+), 30x30cm walk-on people trafﬁc pad that costs $20, generates up to
10W by each step(Touchlight Innovations: Swa Pujari), Shifting business focus into
tribo from piezo type product line(北京微能高芯科技有限公司 +),
Wide range of tribo mechanics & functions has been successful at least
experimentally: Water inside pencil size TENG for human motion type non-linear
stimulation(Dong Sung Kim et al), Enclosed vibration harvester functionable under
water or in snow, Cylindrical rotating types, Transparent version to generate power
from rain drops to complement solar cell to maintain electricity generatin during rain
day & night(Li Zheng et al). Some organizations focus on trying out new applications
in commercialized environment including low maintenance air ﬁlter(Beijing Institute
of Nanoenergy & Nanosystems: Zhong Lin Wang - 王中林). -->>cont:
18 TRIBO TENG II COMMERCIALIZATION

26
19 TRIBO TENG III VARIED MECHANICS
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■7 TriboElectric (TENG):
• Triboelectric–Pyroelectric–Piezoelectric hybrid cell nano generator(Yunlong
Zi+), TENG is low cost & also suitable to harvests air-water ﬂow/
wave(Yuanjie Su+), Wind recovery Flutter-Driven Triboelectric
Generator(Jihyun Bae[SAIT:Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology]+).
Preventing metal corrosion while generate energy at water-metal contact
area(Xiaoyi Li+)(see p28-30 on how ionic movement within still water within
device generates power instead of kinetic motion) or as human clothing
(Sang-Woo Kim+) etc
• LIGHTNING POWER HARVESTING(though this is macro scale and TENG
unrelated): Not only thunderstorm but snow/sand storm should be also
linked to triboelectricity effect(RJ Latham, EY Tkachenko+): Triple layered
structure to increase recovery of lightning power to 20+% and with battery
to work as a energy system from lab test(Jeong Min Baik: UNIST), Inventor's
small lab test results(Ste Leroy+), Field tested small scale device(Mohd Farriz
Basar[UTeM]+) etc, this is western media debunked. Also there seems to be
some similar element to Orgone effect: p283-6. -->>cont:

27
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■7 TriboElectric (TENG):
TriboElectric electricity generation is done in more flexible way in higher efficiency
than most other methods with easy scalability to mega size - even to the extent to
become significant enough world wide electrical source along with conventional
ElectroMagnetic Induction Generator(EMIG), also will be suitable for Self powered
desalination, Self hydrogen production etc(Zhong Lin Wang, Guang Zhu+)、
1m2 of Electrical Double Layer(EDL: two parallel layers of electrons formulate
between water and solid matter) mechanics can sustainably produce 0.46kw/ of
power(Jinsung Chun et al), Modulation of EDL to generate power(Jong Kyun Moon,
YoungJun Yang+) or 1m2 of best single layer material can produce up to 1.2kw.
• Unique Western mainstream treatment on TENG is that this tech hasn't been
debunked from day 1 by media despite other similar degree of economically
paradigm shifting performances are usually discredited or ignored(most disruptive
element of TENG industrial power generation is deemphasized) hence poses more
growth potential than other high efficiency mechanics such as Magnetothermal, EM
wave heat harvesting(FIR/THZ), or ReverseElectroWetting generator in this micro
generator segment. Significant backing of Chinese State and a university in
US(Georgia Tech) -->>cont:
20 TRIBO TENG IV FUTURE POTENTIAL

28
21 THERMAL IONIC MOVEMENT
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters:
■8# Small water flow or even Thermal Ionic fluctuation ONLY in still
water can be harvested as electricity by Graphene/CarbonNanotube
etc(or TriboElectricity-II, cross over with Triboelectric TENG but with
mechanics more focused on Ionic movement(also see p32 ■10 Ambient
thermionic movement). Not commercialized and less cohesive
development. This effect has been discussed amongst academics since
2001
• Various experimental devices with Ionic Liquid or deionized water used
generators both with basically same results: Most common type of
• 8a-Pure water movement on graphene etc generates power by charge
separation: when water droplet moves on flat surface/micro channels
droplet is positively charged and matter surface is negatively charged
causes electron to flow(Siowling Soh, Soon-Hyung Kwon, VI Petrik+),
Single wall graphene has much higher power than double/triple etc(Sha
Ghosh+), Water-ethanol mix in graphene form(Wenbin Huang et al+).
-->cont:

29
22 THERMAL IONIC MOVE, IONIC LIQD
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters:
■8 Thermal Ionic fluctuation ONLY in STILL WATER:
• 8b-Salt/Ionic liquid(conductive) on graphene etc mechanics is
only slightly different from deionized water; friction is generated
between water flow and ions(Nik Koratkar+), ionic liquid is
conductive but graphene conducts electricity faster than
electrolyte(ionic liquid) so electricity still flows through prepared
circuit with asymmetric electrodes etc.(Sta Skafidas, Weijie Kong
+), Can also work as varying capacitance based electrostatic
generator,
• Water evaporation driven ElectroScavenging effect generator by
charge separation & power harvesting(Rub Borno+): this also
relates to advanced non cloud seeding weather modification(for
more details go to this link [four levels of..]and search
"ElectroScavenging"), -->cont:

30
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■8# Thermal Ionic move harvested:
• Thermal Ionic movement only, no kinetic or vibration power used: 50-80°C "hair
electrodes" cause proton hopping(Bri Tulachan+), or Electricity at room temperature by
thermal motion of ions in STILL LIQUID instead of by FLOWS of the solutions by
Monolayer Graphene(Graphene Battery):
• Electron is emitted by interaction of graphene & cation, then it flows along
graphene to electrode(Zihan Xu, Guoan Tai+). This particular theme, participated by
state backed Chinese TENG research groups is practically free energy tech, & was
not debunked in West but quietly discontinued on official level. This room
temperature Thermal Ionic movement energy harvesting/generation is not taken up
by inventor type groups.
• *Also Note TriboElectric related effects has mainstream disputes amongst what causes/
how electron transfer occurs.
• ■9# Reverse Electrowetting power harvester: Reverse ElectroWetting On
Dielectric(REWOD), Related to ElectroWetting process which can transport liquid with
electricity by modifying the surface tension of liquid especially on hydrophobic
surface(film, dielectric etc), This differs from similar looking effect causeable by
ElectroMigration which gives force to move water.
23 THERMAL IONIC II, R-ELECTROWET.

31
24 REVERSE ELECTROWETTING II
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters: ■9# Reverse Electrowetting harvester:
• This effect is listed in micro power segment here to indicate common elements with
TriboElectricity process, but REWOD research is currently more focused for high density
power production with large input(e.g. human kinetic power) for more of flashlight or higher
power use level(e.g. 10w produced with battery set per shoe for human walking). Far more
efficient than conventional piezoelectricity, Most efficient energy harvesting method at this
time for human steps or car traffic type power generation(along with tribo effect TENG
device).
• New mechanics are invented with recent mainstream backing: Use of Atomic Layer
Deposition(ALD), Capillary Microfluidic device achieves 65% electric generation
efficiency(Jak Kedzierski et al), Bubbler type(Instep Nanopower: Krupenkin & Taylor et al),
Coating surface film with Al2O3 to increase capacitance etc.
• PERPETUAL MICROSEISM/MICROBAROM HARVESTING: in very high density(Tsung-Hsing
Hsu+). Another "science legal free energy" capability, but this harvests sub 1hz level super
slow oscillation as energy(takes more than 1 second per cycle: earth hum, weather or ocean
wave triggered "perpetual tremor"). Tribo TENG has similar capability. Much lower
density(efficiency) harvesting is possible with piezo etc. Naturally not officially pursued given
high economical disruptiveness along with industrial electricity harvester from 1-Casimir
force, 2-Room temp thermal ionic movement only, 3-Earth Magnetic Field - Schumann
resonance, or 4-Tall antenna based voltage gradient tether. But now 5-FIR/THZ frequency
thermal radiation is in process of commercialization by mainstream embracement! (p58)

32
25 AMBIENT THERMIONIC, SPIN CURRENT
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters:
■10# Ambient temperature & magnetic field driven Thermionic device:(GN Hatsopolous,
Xinyong Fu & Zi Tao Fu[“magnetic demon”]+): use of 90° cross wise laid magnetic field to
cause Hull Cut Off type threshold to control electron movement from one electrode to the
other in one direction to generate cooling effect in a vacuum tube to cause thermionic
emission, hence indirect use of ambient temperature with originally magnet triggered
energy supply to generate minute electricity.
• Despite still majority's mainstream academic denial, this maxwell's demon type effect
should be valid based on various science valid combo effects(Cyr Smith+): (Nottingham
cooling effect related), Also this is possible in known system like Aquaporin(Liangsuo
Shu, Yingjie Li+), Linked to ■8 Thermal Ionic movement electricity harvesting: both
seem to be too disruptive complete "free energy" type to get official research going.
• ■11# Carrying electrical current by Spin current related methods, or by fractionally charged
quasi-particle in quantum hall effect regime(as opposed to conventional charge current),
seem to strongly imply overunity(Cyr Smith+): 1-Spin rectification at Larmor precession freq
to control spin to produce DC current(YS Gui+), 2-Spin Battery: EMF (Electromotive force) of
spin origin generated by static magnetic field in magnetic tunnel junction(S Maekawa+),
3-Spin current related Reverse Seebeck effect is much higher thermoelectric harvesting
from heat than conventional solid state generators. Also see "Orgone"/"Orgonite" p283-6.
4-Spin wave tech relation to Torsion field application(GJ Bugh+), & gravity tech(Frolov+)

33
26 AIR VOLTAGE GRADIENT, KINETIC +
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Micro Harvesters:
■12# Properly grounded electricity conductive kite or rod extracts atmospheric
electricity(Beccaria, G Richmann, Dalibard, De Romas+), Use of "static electricity":
actual flowing of unbalanced electric charge. Effect itself is easily replicated by
amateurs, can easily lead to macro power generator, almost entirely ignored by
recent mainstream for commercialization or research(IonPowerGroup.com+), 、
■#13 Kinetic Power Harvester: Mostly by human or car/train traffic. Human
motion(nPower PEG+), Military focus(Bionic Power+): to charge battery etc., 1hr
walking range to charge phone by hydraulics(Walking Charger - Energy
Harvesters LLC+),1minute hand crank generates 11-23mins of useable LED
light(Envirofit Empower Duo+). Automobile slow down zone power harvested by
magnetic induction(Underground Power SRL+), or by scalable Hydraulic liquid,
piston, & pressure accumulator units fed to electric generator for power
production to beyond 100kw+ range(KinergyPower+), Also piezo effects are
used but as of 2016 cost is higher than conventional methods for industrial power.
• ■14 Ground/Tree/plant Electricity harvester(Barbosa, Bryan, Karavas: Voltree,
Helder: Plant-e+), Wireless system to transmit plant info to computer is workable
only for short distance currently(Seiko Instruments, Ritsumeikan Univ Electronic &
Computer Engineering dpt+)

34
27 NON-HARVESTING SELF GENERATORS
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES:
■SELF GENERATING(non harvesting) MICROCURRENT DEVICES
■i Permanent Tourmaline electrode electrolysis(Kubo effect), or
■ii Self generating micro-current minerals: Acos Terahertz Face Roller(Kun Sasaki+). 、
■iii Persistent Current(perpetual current) in Nano Ring: Mesoscopic quantum phenomena,
Mainstream quietly approved but energy generator development research avoided.
Observed in nano ring structure metals in still state is up to 1-2 orders of magnitude
larger(over-unity, in addition to perpetual current itself!)(KB Efetov+) than any wishful
mainstream theory allows to be(Pri Mohanty+) & it demonstrates unknown time dependent
fluctuations, deemed phase coupling/phase coherence to be critical factor(Mar Büttiker+).
Instantly commercializable Macroscopic Persistent Current is almost entirely ignored but
virtually science approved(C van der Wal, Hir Koizumi+), Violation of 2nd law?(Čápek, Da
Sheehan+)
• ■iv also Zamboni Pile/Duluc Dry Pile(Battery) of certain set up(eg Oxford Electric Bell)
or what is called Orgone also self-generates ElectroMotive Force or "self-flows"
unlimited microcurrent when layers of different electric potential matters are pressed
together wedged by dielectric material(electrically neutral/blocks electron flow, but
allows electrostatic/polarize to develop dipole moment) in addition to chemical type
reaction(limited), but perpetual current effect of "iv" is often pseudoscientized even
above i - iii effects are mainstream approved as "science legal", also similar
"erroneous" over-unity claims were made by top physicists back when battery was
invented(Volta+), -->>cont:

35
28 SOLAR POND, CHIMNEY, EMULSION
• —>>cont: FREE ENERGY TYPES;
• ■ Solar Chimney: Initial high cost, mainstream selectively quoting high
LCOE(Levelized Cost Of Electricity), less electricity produced at night, many side
benefits: Hyperion Energy, Enviromission+, Claims of more efficient, far less land
use versions from pilot tests,
■ Salinity Gradient Solar Pond: Ormat+, suitable only with low cost land near salt
water, tech & maintenance unstandardized,
• ■ WATER MIXTURE TYPES: ■ a Water-Oil emulsion fuel: Massive gap in fuel saving
ability, also depends on type of boiler/engine used for: 1-25%(beyond this % is
"science illegal":see p142-144), Cuts emission(PM 10-80%, NOx/SOx 10-50%),
There is significance as one of few official mainstream instantly large scale useable
"partial free energy tech" & commercialization exist world wide but remains low
key in most nations: rarely referred even by cleantech media, minimum public
funding for research in West. 、
Groups of Western Mainstream (WM) business establishment promoted Emulsion
Fuel under "excuse" of emission decrease(with no reference to fuel saving) in
2001-2003. Some are still offered(Lubrizol PuriNOx, Pirelli Gecam, Total Aquazole
+), while others withdrew(Shell, BP, Chevron)

36
29 EMULSION FUEL II
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Water mixture: ■ a Water-Oil emulsion fuel:
A few companies serving world wide mainly for diesel but some also gasoline market:
◆Europe(Eco Energy Holding AS, IncBio, E•Fuel SA, Toeps innovation+),
◆North America(Nonox, Fierce Fuel Systems, Next Alternative Inc+),
◆Japan(AIT Emulsion, NanoFuel co+),
• ◆Operations in Russia openly serve mainstream(Теплоэнергоремонт-Москва,
Vodmazut Раптех, «Энергосберегающие технологии» «ЭСТ» - est-m.ru, МЕССКА -
messka.ru+), ◆Middle East(4C Technologies+), ◆India(Creatnet Technology Pvt +),
◆South Korea is unique amongst Western ally to openly focus at government
level(CoxOil kr, Green Hitech kr, Sampower kr+), ◆Other Asia(Solar Emulsi PT Pertamina,
Singapore Emulsion Fuel+), ◆China is mainly served by own state company inhouse &
Taiwanese companies(Comaxima Eco-Green Technology, Shine Bond
夏邦科技股份有限公司 +),
Sector Base: Finally mainstream maritime industry open debut by European back up:
Quadrise MSAR, in Asia: Monohakobi. Tech Variation: ● Biofuel Emulsion(Gruppo Forini
+), ● Works down to -30°C storage(SulNOx Fuel Fusions),
• Equipment can be expensive & actual cost saving is often on par or less than far lower
cost best performing magnetic flowing fuel treatment device, or Far InfraRed or Torsion
Wave emitting mineral/matter/fluid wrapped around fuel line with 5-15% saving
range(this is pseudoscientized at media level & superficial science level),(p126) -->>cont:

37
30 COAL-WATER SLURRY, HISTORY
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ Water Mixture Types:
■ b Coal-Water Slurry(CWS): 30-50% H2O(also note regular coal itself may contain high water
content), Historically competed against oil seriously then "lost" along with plant alcohol
fuels(US Prohibition), electric cars/hydrogen cars(all 1880s-1930s)/, Has by far the most
significant short term potential as partial "free energy" tech. At boiler/gasification, thermal
efficiency is coal+20% while fuel vol itself increases, storage & transferability made easier as
liquid fuel, Lower emission(CO2, NOx, SOx) than Diesel fuel boiler, Can utilize unrecovered
fine coal, or coal sludge/tailing, to turn environmental hazard into revenue fuel product.、
With its mainstream approved status, this almost forgotten low tech can exert enormous
influence on shorter term energy market, climate change carbon reduction targeting & geo-
econo-political situation: largely dormant massive coal reserve evenly distributed world wide
can made into diesel equivalent with 1/2-1/4 of cost to destroy “fossil fuel” supply shortage,
liquid fuel market price, & existing crude oil refining/sorting system. Potential to replace
entire diesel/heavy oil supply if modified special engine type(no nozzle wearing etc) is
introduced(eg Micronised Refined Carbons(MRC) consuming DICE: Direct Injection Carbon
Engine: US gov't backed program(also GE, GM etc participation) bet 1970s-2000s, recently
Australia [CSIRO & many Australian coal companies])
• US: Unsuccessful gov't participated movement to promote CWS to replace majority of higher
priced imported oil in 1980s. Also clean coal burning IGCC(Integrated Gasification
Combined Cycle) power plants in US are using coal water slurry for boiler feeding (wet feed
gasification to produce extra H2)(CB&I E-Gas, Texaco-GE) though almost never reported.
Regular fuel use US CWS system installer:(ecoTECH Energy, AuraSource Inc+)

38
31 COAL-WATER SLURRYII, CHINA
• —>>continued: FREE ENERGY TYPES; ■ b Coal-Water Slurry(CWS):
• China: is tech leader & CWS is high profile tech nationwide led by state
companies:
• :
!
!
!
!
• Russia & ex-soviet: Relatively active use(Амальтеа-Сервис vodougol, КОТЭС
Cotes-Group+): Rather surprising US controlled Ukraine gov't has declared
CWS as national energy priority with Chinese financial back up(Ukrheat+).、
• 浙江先创新能源技术发
有限公司 - Zjxianchuang, 北京国承瑞泰科技股份有限公司 GCPMC, jf NAIC+), Low grade
coal focus: High moisture content lignite slurry ( 林市科达煤炭化学研究院有限公司 -
林西部煤炭技术研究中心: Yulin Western Coal Technology Research Centre+), Low grade
fine ground coal mix for emission reduction focus(中煤科工清洁能源股份有限公司
cctegce+), Taiwan (Neofuel tw). Also China leads to Hydrothermal combustion of
• coal(SuperCritical water).
• (中国煤炭科工集团有限公司 - China Coal Technology &
Engineering Group Corp, 山东能源集团 Shangdong Energy Group, 兖矿集
团 Yuankuang Group - 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 Slurry
Gasification and Coal Chemical Engineering Research,

39
32 COAL-WATER SLURRYIII, BACTERIA
• -->>cont: Coal Water Slurry:、
Rest of world: CWS is overall even lower proﬁle commercialization than
emulsion fuel with very small # of players considering its science legal
status(EET CWS, JGC, Kawasaki Heavy, Cynergi Holding SA+), Often small
one-man show type operation or main business is other
engineering(Advanced Coal Water Slurry Technologies, LeMar LLC, KEM-
jp.com+).、
Its very disruptive nature of abundant energy, scientiﬁcally approved status can
be one of the reasons why CWS and Emulsion fuel are both not highlighted by
major Western environmental NGOs & mainstream entities.
• ■ Atmos clock+(C Drebbel+), use of self oscillating Torsion pendulum - Electro-
mechanical transducer, ambience change, can combine with Foucalt pendulum
element, ■ Bacteria generator; Self-Charge Electrochemical Bio-capacitor
(Pankratov+), Microbial Fuel Cell(MFC)(Cambrian Innovation, Emefcy EBR +) or
its “overunity” electrolysis (Microbial Electrolysis Cell - MEC), 1-2$ range
material based DIY self producing no running water "moist soil based" MFC for
3rd world villages(Aiden Lab), Magnetotactic Bacteria based types etc.,
■ ”Levitron”type, or ”Drinking Bird” generator,、

40
33 HYDRODYNAMIC, BLUE ENERGY
• ■ Hydrodynamic heater(TEKMASH, CT Systems+), (also see p135-138: G Ivanenko,
Bespalko+), inconsistent “Self running” ability but happens often, valid mainstream
science until it becomes overunity,
■ Temperature based volume changing ultra sensitive Phase Change Material (PCM)
driven Hydraulic Motor: SOLO-TREC(J Jones & Y Chao),
■ Atomic/Nanogenerators, 24hr Infrared Solar(Hong Liu+), Particulates(Da Yurth+),
Atomic Hydrogen Welding(Langmuir), Negative electrical resistance carbon fibre(De
Chung+),
• ■ Blue Energy ■ Some “free energy” actually costs more than existing system such as
Blue Energy: Reversed electrodialysis, Pressure Retarded Osmosis(PRO)/Osmotic
power, Hydrocratic ocean energy. Combined low pressure high flow desalination
with additionally electricity generated by removing ions from seawater with
Molybdenum Disulfide(MoS2) nanofilter(Nar Aluru+):30-50+% electricity cost
saving.
• But further efficient if osmotic pressure is used(Moh Heiranian+) : can become
efficient free energy generator while making drinking water from ocean(not officially
demonstrated). Also pure power generation-wise, Capacitive (mix) energy extraction
by Double Layer Expansion(CDLE)(Br Logan+), or by Donnan Potential(CDP), and Two
stage PRO(Wei He+) might become super low cost in future

41
• SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST TYPES: i.e. beyond grid parity if commercialized as
electricity generation, often same treatment as inventors' ”free energy”(p122-150);
many stopped researches, stay microscale, suddenly retracted without explanation,
some suspected internal only corporate use, Selective, under-exaggerated, outdated
data for efficiency & cost performance in mainstream reporting contradicts
manufacturer or academic/field-lab data(particularly in fast advancing tech like Wind/
Ocean energy or semiconductor related Solar cell & solid state devices as well as
MEMS, etc, But again now emerging commercialized exceptions,
■ Non UV H2 Photolysis from water by Sn3O4(H Abe+), many other “artificial
photosynthesis”s,
• ■ 50-200%+ increased efficiency engines(Myers, Ogle,Covey, Pogue, Castellini, Brandt,
La Force, Hatton, Caggiano, Belland, Purushottam Pipaliya, Holland, Ch Brown, Fish+) by
cam timing, spark plug, carburetor+), Specific angled screen in carburetor
“accidentally” improved 50% mileage in 1960s(Ford), but model was soon “recalled to
correct it back” to factory spec(Pantone+). Pneumatic engine(“science illegal” version,
p135-138): Peugeot 208 Hybrid Air(40km/litre, 94mpg), Tata & MDI-lu(Negre), both
being shelved, Some non electric Japanese cars mostly sold only in Japan(35km+/l),
Volkswagen XL1(100km/l, 250 test units only) & discontinued Lupo(35km/l). In1920s
mainstream predicted 80mpg norm with test cars performing 100mpg+(Byr Wine, Al
Wallace, Bru McBurney+), Now available 95% efficient Shinsei Electrostatic Motor,
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED “LOWEST COST” TECH1
(PAST GRID PARITY): EFFICIENT ENGINE

42
• —>> cont: SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST TYPES(& Grid Parity):
■ Regenerative Shock Absorber normally brings negligible 5% range car mileage
efficiency(eg ClearMotion, hydraulic motor runs to generate power) but in certain
specific electrical energy needs application it could bring substantial saving.
• ■ ElectroDynamic Tether: mainstream approved idea as only limited use in space
environment as lowest cost tech(long conducting wire[mainly 500m plus for large
power but works from 1m] moves along earth magnetic field etc to generate
electricity), Can be used to replace fuel with free electricity for low orbit satellites
and even ultra high elevation flight if air craft propulsion re-configuration is
made(plasma, ion thrust etc) with high elevation cruising(BE Gilchrist, Jam
McCanney+)/(Boeing - Tether Unlimited). But actually generates full time "free
energy" on earth surface: by likely triggering imbalanced static electricity to flow,
Works at on-ground still-earth vertical environment with graphene/nanocarbon
use(IonPowerGroup.com+)
• ■ Super efficient Phase Change Material(PCM) for housing: to release or absorb
heat at preset temperature: BioPCM, DuPont Energain, PCM injected wood: Enertia
Home, Combine PCM with Vacuum Insulation Panels(VIP) to provide certain
packages/boxes perpetual free cooling or heating depends on outside
temperature transition: va-Q-tec AG+
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED “LOWEST COST”
TECH 2: PHASE CHANGE, TETHER ETC

43
• —>> cont: SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST TYPES:
■ Portable ammonia maker from H2O+air by compression cycle etc for
engines(J Fleming), ■(N2H4)Hydrazine Fuel Cell: small, no precious metal, easy
high power fuel(Daihatsu co), ■ Aluminium Air Battery:1700km+ run range
100kg weight for electric cars(Phinergy), ■ Galvanic Reaction Salt Water Cell:
(Hydra Light+)Very slow reaction design, Currently for small phone charge type
power level, about 1/30-50th cost of regular 2A battery, with conistent voltage
and current, ■ Thorium:US in 70s, Uranium took over, nuclear plant use, far less
radiation, re-starting (India, Russia, China, US, Norway, Israel+), portable(Dratch
+),
• ■ Biofuel(Ethanol) from cellulose only(inedible plant, grass straw, tree branches,
broken trees etc), Some produce with <1/2 cost of retail petrol of high fuel
price nation(Kawasaki Heavy - within 2weeks of intending commercialization,
key board members + CEO ﬁred, and project shelved), others also announced
tech success without commercialization intention since 2006(Taisei Kensetsu &
Sapporo Beer, Honda+), as often happens in Japan, domestic only or 3rd world
use intention seems allowed?(Kita-Akita city forestry coop, Sumitomo Forestry,
Mitsui Zosen+): But stagnant commercialization situation started to change
world wide since around 2014(see Biomass: p89, 91)
TECH 3: AMMONIA, SOME BIOFUEL

44
TECH 4: CLEAN COAL PROCESS ETC
• —>> continued SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST TYPES:
■ Coal based Gas/Oil/Direct power: Natural gas like CENfuel(Lloyd & Turner ) & Low Temp
Coal Carbonization: LTC, Rexco(Karrick), Improved Bergius method, Micro active at Sasol+,
Similar Lurgi process active in China(70+ plants), EM wave/Ultrasonic use(M Kawabata+),
Low fume DCFC (Direct Carbon Fuel Cell, DEHPL+) mechanics avail since 1890s(W Jacques
+), A few of IGCC (Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle, usually said to be more
expensive than regular coal combustion, but high efficiency low cost data can be hidden by
high startup cost etc), ■ Super high density Enzymatic fuel cell(YH Percival Zhang)、
■ Certain customized Geothermal heating: Heat Pump, Gradient Energy Harvesting etc: e.g.
Discarded oil well-mine EGS(Sologen), Downhole heat exchanger use, 300m deep closed
loop in high heat area useable even without heat pump cost etc, Also much lower cost
Hydrothermal Spallation drilling is offered but soon "went out of business"(Potter Drilling):
■ Cooling use OTEC(Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) near some water areas(Sea Water
Air Conditioning)(Makai, Bluerise nl+), In some super high cost power small island OTEC do
become lowest energy cost by improved Kalina Cycle(Xenesys), PCM used OTEC engine,
• ■ Betavoltaics types: Tritium Light or Battery(P Brown+), Zinc sulfide or Radium Paint + Solar
Cell, Optoelectric Nuclear Battery(Kurcharov Inst+), Radioisotope Generator(NASA+):
mininuclear heat converted to electricity by thermoelectric device. ■ Hydrothermal vent
power extraction: large scale indicated by test success, ■ Orimulsion: Water(30%) emulsified
bitumen by Venezuelan state corp: broke "taboo" of not making bitumen emulsion for road
pavement/sealant use

45
■ Exotic configurations: Limited to pilot success; • Advanced Compressed air energy
storage by additional full recovery of both Heat compressed & Cold air released,
• Pneumatic engine(Negre+, “illegal” version: p135-138), • Magnetic Energy Recovery
Switch (Shimada+): “legal back EMF(electromotive force)”, • Water-carbon rod low
powered electric arc gas: AquaFuel(H Eldridge, W Richardson, Rug Santilli),
• ■ Exotic Hydrogen Production methods • Aluminium based metal alloy & water
“Hydrogen fuel cell” lab results as all similar mechanics but mostly uncommercialized
eg:、
i Slow oxidizing low cost focused alloy pellets(B Froats),
ii Rapid shock cooling-heating as catalyst to “crack” oxidized film of nano aluminium
particles to reactivate(Dynamix-Muroran univ: Mas Watanabe+)+, 、
iii Use of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst(not consumed) to prevent/delay
aluminium oxidation (Hy-Energy: Erl Andersen)+,
iv Undisclosed catalyst accelerates pitting of aluminum powder surface to prevent/
delay passivation(AlumiFuel: Jas Anand+), v Chloride ion use pitting to dissolve
oxidized film(Hydergy India: AVK Reddy+),
TECH 5: PERPETUAL HYDROGEN ETC

46
■ Exotic Hydrogen Production methods • Aluminium based metal alloy & water
“Hydrogen fuel cell” eg:、
vi Aluminium alloy with gallium/lithium etc which prevents/slows oxidized layer
from fully covering aluminum(HydroAlumina: Ge Woodall, Chemalloy: Freedman+),
vii CatalyticCarbon and aluminum in 80°C hot water + DC pulse(not electrolysis) to
prevent almost all aluminium oxidation, this on-board generator makes 110L/
minute of H2, low quality-dirty-sea water ok(Phillips Company 4T: Haw Phillips)
• • Nanoparticle coated H2O electrolysis (Dopp+), • Ultrasonic H2 generation from
water with non-oxidizing nanocrystal: ZnO fibers + BaTiO3 dendrites (Xiaochun Li),
• Molecular Molybdenum Persulfide catalyst H2 dissociation from water(JR long+),
• 84% efficiency pure water Electrolysis by Cathode 35Mpa high pressure Solid
Polymer Electrolyte use, fluctuating power input workable like wind(Honda R&D),
• ■ HEAT RECOVERY: unless otherwise stated generally 100-1000°C temp difference is
used - often which power generation is proportional to. Also leads to emission
reduction: part of mainstream focus in many, particularly Western nations, while almost
ignored in some others:
TECH 6: PERPETUAL HYDROGEN II

47
TECH 7: HEAT RECOVERY(H.R.) HRSG
• —>> con SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST:
• ■■ 1. Kinetic Power Generators based Industrial HEAT RECOVERY as Electricity:
Often as industrial CHP(Combined Heat & Power), or Combined Cycle at power
generator: common installation in at least as new system in Chemical, Pulp & Paper,
Wood, Petroleum Refining, Metal, Gas turbine/Nuclear power generation industries,
use of Regular •a-d
• •a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)(Nooter/Eriksen, Alstom, GE +) most
large mainstream industrial conglomerate types offer as first round of heat recovery
as Combined Cycle with 10-20% range additional electrical recovery(of original
electrical conversion % ratio). Low grade heat primary or secondary recovery
process of HRSG "left over" heat by conventional Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC- use
of low boiling temp stronger turbine power organic compound medium instead of
water) generally used from 80°C+ (INTEK GMK GmbH, Turboden, Triogen BV+), but
there are significant differentiation in suitability and performance gap for this
mature tech. With (further) 2-10%+ electrical gain, or 70-95C previously discarded
water or hot spring water can produce power by 20-70kw potential
module(Ishikawajima Harima, Electratherm+): optimization focus(Granite Power
Granex+), on board ocean freight power generator from diesel engine heat(Opcon
Energy System+), -->>cont: 、

48
• —>> con SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST: ■■1. Kinetic Power Generators based
HEAT RECOVERY as Electricity : •a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG):
• But some specialists(2G Energy AG+) might improve/replace ORC/steam RC
process with less often used Radial Flow Organic Rankine(Exergy SpA,
Cryostar SAS +), Axial & radial mix turbine(Aqylon+). 、
Often, not always, substantial yield improvement is made by following: Kalina
Cycle(ammonia & water mix medium)(Kalina Power - Enhanced Systems
Technologies - Global Geothermal), or more specialized use customizable its
2nd generation(Kalex Systems), or similar OTEC purpose Uehara
Cycle(Xenesys - 佐賀大学海洋エネルギー研究センター),
Others: ORC with Rotary Heat Engine works from 25 vs 40°C temp
difference(Davinci-mode jp), Trilateral Flash Cycle(TFC)(Ian Smith+), CO2
SuperCritical Brayton(no phase change)(Net Power LLC, Sandia NL+) or CO2
SuperCritical Rankine Cycle(phase change at 31°C)(Echogen Power Systems+)
etc. Possible to generate DC electricity when closed CO2 ﬂow is placed near
certain dielectric(?) material from triboelectric effect(Inﬁnity Turbine): similar to
already known but not commercialized ORC + Liquid Metal MHD effect.
-->>cont: 、
TECH 8: H.R. II MORE THAN ORC

49
• —>> cont: ■■1. Kinetic Power Generators based HEAT RECOVERY as
Electricity:
•b Stirling Engine(Qnergy - Ricor Cryogenic, Microgen Engine+) heat
recovery efficiency significantly differs depends on company from
10-30%(Free Piston type is higher), remote equipment
operation(Stirling Technology Inc RemoteGen+), also efficient
cooling(Twinbird jp, Sunpower Inc+). Can be offered as residential
fuel cell type set up by feeding gas/oil: Micro CHP,
•c Deluge Engine(Hageman) runs from 30°C diff, •d Others: thermo-
responsive material and Osmotic power use Osmoblue(E Dahan
+)works from 30°C temp difference,、
■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device: & similar Industrial HEAT
RECOVERY as Electricity, lower cost than gas turbine/combustion
engines or steam generators(J Fairbanks+) in certain situations,
device efficiency indicated in following "•a-l" is deemed highest
possible figure unless otherwise stated. In some cases general
operating rate can be much lower: -->>cont:、
TECH 9: HEAT RECOVERY III STIRLING ETC

50
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device: based Industrial HEAT
RECOVERY as Electricity:、
•a Thermoelectric/Seebeck-Pelletier effect: Thermoelectric heat pump using n
& p type semi conductors, it uses temperature gap between one end to the
other to generate power. Used in Soviets since 1940s, in West for military/
space after '60s, western mainstream use of conventional models. Actually
5kw range generator was claimed with operating efficiency of 10% for
commercialization before yr2000 but retracted(Jade Mountain), Often on
lower temperature range 50-600°C, some are max 300°C level use.
• But much higher performance seems to exist by use of carbon nanotube or
nano structure etc though unclear if those super efficient models are openly
marketed: Evident Thermo, [acquired GMZ tech which claimed max 43%
efficiency], Komatsu/KELK’s 40% rating, Japanese peers Likely slightly
lower(Yamaha, Toshiba+), max 20% possible at 300°C range(AEInnova+),
suspected similar level(O-flexx+). Alkali-Metal Thermal-to-Electric Converter
(AMTEC)by C-TEC Nano Conversion at least 20% range, 15% range(Je Snyder
+), Reverse Spin Hall - Spin Seebeck Effect use: wrappable plastic like spin
current generator at least 10times conventional efficiency with much lower
production cost(Nippon Denki+), -->>cont:、
TECH 10: H.R. IV THERMO-ELECTRIC

51
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device: based Industrial HEAT RECOVERY
as Electricity:•a Thermoelectric(TE):、
Though other solid state devices are generally 20%+ as std model, including sterling
engine, TE's ease of use and super compactness is often advantage. And even
supposedly conventional 2-8+% operating efficiency device can generate at least up to
1KW range in many cases and space saving energy recovery with success track record.
Often specific efficiency is not disclosed, some might have much higher rate. Large # of
companies offer TE devices(Romny Scientific, Melcor, TECTEG, Gentherm, Экоген
Ecogen, RGS Development Thermagy+), Some are High temperature(600°C+)
capability focus for generally higher efficiency aim, Run high power requirement meters
& switches(НПП Квант+), Steam heat use(Kryotherm+), 1KWh range generation from
large truck diesel engine exhaust is possible(Hi-Z Technology+), Flue exhaust or flare
heat from chimney(Alphabet Energy+), Electricity from heated tire(Goodyear BH03).
• 50-150°C workable wrap-around style sheet of carbon nanotube + plastic(Sekisui
Chemical+), Low temp 60-100°C hot spring water flow placed next to 5-15°C cold
spring water wedging thermoelectric sheet to generate power for >0.5kwh use per 3-4
pairs of water pipe with cold-hot reverse flow(water pipe is 5-10cm diameter, with latest
commercially avail technology): a few dozen of projects exists in Japan. 5 x 20 x15cm
size heatpipe used forked device emit 15w with 70-80C difference if device recovers
with 3-5% efficiency(Yos Takefuji: Ai-Cynap) -->>cont:、
TECH 11: H.R. V THERMO-ELECTRIC 2

52
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device: based Industrial
HEAT RECOVERY as Electricity:•a Thermoelectric:、
Cost effective cooling(Aisin - Toyota, Z-max jp+), 2-3 times more efﬁcient
than conventional Thermoelectric cooler(Phononic): Phononic has
potential to replace majority of existing type refrigerators by lower cost.
• Note Pelletier cooling has also precise temp control, no maintenance & far
longer lasting, soundless operation compared to conventional
compression refrigeration. Engine heat recovery to save air conditioning
etc of 5% fuel mileage saving overall(VolksWagen+) Also space
commercialization etc of Radio Isotope Thermoelectric generation exists
but generally has beyond harmful level radioactivity emitted in near ﬁeld,
• Self generating electricity from heat to fan the woodstove chamber to save
30-50% of regular wood cooking fuel and eliminate most of smoke in 3rd
world use(Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care BV: van der
Sluis), or additionally it charges battery for portable small cooker(BioLite
Energy+). -->>cont:、
TECH 12: H.R. VI THERMO-ELECTRIC 3

53
TECH 13: H.R. VII THERMO-GALVANIC ETC
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device: based Industrial HEAT RECOVERY
as Electricity:•a Thermoelectric:、
Free standing type woodstove fan is widely available: If 2 or more combined use of
high power low temp activation types in certain room shape or air flow configuration it
can save 15-30% heating cost but most come with low Curie temperature(loses effect
of thermoelectric) at 300°C range(SmartFan ie, Valiant Accessories+). Generally more
powerful sterling engine type fan(some also directionally rotates) saves more though
starting temperature is high(Valcan Stove Fan, Warpfive Stove Fan), Campfire cook
stove phone charging(JikoPower+)
• •b ThermoGalvanic Cell/ThermoElectric Cell/ThermoCell(DIFFERENT FROM Solid
State ThermoElectric device): This is not semiconductor but made of electrodes and
liquid electrolyte(redox ion) to function as enclosed thermoelectric device by
temperature dif between electrodes within cell, also there is time lag in effects to use as
battery without no heat input for short time. Basically works permanently as long as
there is temp difference. Low key image & mostly forgotten since 1980s but now some
seem to show similar significant effectiveness as best performing Solid Thermoelectric
cell at 50-200°C low temp range(ATC - Australian Research Council[Ted Abraham],
Tsukuba Univ[Kobayashi & Moritomo et al]), New much thinner flat Carbon Nanotube
CNT use(Renchong Hu+), CNT & Aerogel-Based ThermoElectrochemical Cell(Yong
Hyup Kim +) -->>cont:、

54
TECH 14: H.R. VIII THERMO-MAGNETIC
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid Harvester based HEAT RECOVERY as ELECTRICITY:
•c"MagnetoThermoElectric", Thermo Magnetic Motor, Curie Engine etc:
At least two of following three combined energy generation mechanics are used:
@1 Ferromagnetic material(become magnet when gets close to it and retain
magnet state somewhat even after removed[hysteresis]) "motor" is placed
between heated magnetic and cold heat sink, and it oscillates back and forth by
thermal demagnetization at Curie temperature on heated magnetic side and re-
magnetization inducing cold sink side: this vibration between heating and cooling
states are recovered as electricity via piezo effect or/and electromagnetic
induction for micro devices. @2 Losing and gaining magnetic field in time-variant
oscillating manner is used to generate electricity. Also for rotating motor type:
@3 Kinetic rotation motion is converted to power.
• Despite some mainstream media and "science blog" debunking, recent academic
documents and other witnesses indicate this is also one of highest efficiency
amongst mainstream approved heat recovery tech, also can be good combo with
solar energy for heat recovery(Prime Photonics+). Water based 20°C temp
difference workable system(Swiss Blue Energy AG), Opportunity to synergize
further for even higher efficiency with Pyroelectric effect(produce electricity from
rapid temperature change oscillation), and Shape Memory Alloy/Polymer(heat or
magnetic): applicable to micro and industrial size power generation both.

55
TECH 15: H.R. IX THERMIONIC, PYRO-ELECT.
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid Harvester device based HEAT RECOVERY
as ELECTRICITY: :
• •d Thermionic device(electron discharged from one electrode to
other as collector across vacuum when there is temp difference
between them), super high temp use, NASA used 12% efﬁcient
device in 1976, 25% range at 1500°C in 1960s in Soviet
block(Orlinov & Stafanov et al), then disappeared from civilian
market.
• But now Carnot limit(max heat energy engine conversion limit: about
37%) far exceeding(lately this is not necessarily auto pseudo-
scientization treatment) MicroPower Global device exists: ex-ENECO
inc, Sevastyanenko, Kucherov,& Hagelstein: LENR researchers) 40%
range? at 250-600°C: Beyond Carnot Limit should be explainable
by current science(Joh Roßnagel+), Single Layer Graphene use
would boost 40%+ at below 700°C(Shi-Jun Liang+), -->>cont:

56
TECH 16: H.R. X THERMO-ACOUSTIC ETC
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device based HEAT RECOVERY as
ELECTRICITY:、
•e Pyro-electric(oscillating temperature to generate electricity), also
nanogenerator for micro device exists(PENG): PyroElectric generator often
requires temperature alternating device to cause rapid temperature oscillation
to activate effect. New mechanics are improving effectiveness: Self heat-cool
alternating polymeric PyroElectric Nanogenerator by water vapor, without any
energy using heat alternating device(Fengxian Gao et al), 30% efficient by
MEMS use(Sc Hunter/ORNL+), Nanowire use(Wenxi Guo et. al+) can be
hybridized with piezoelectric generator(Ju-Hyuck Lee+), Heatpipe use for
rapid temperature change transfer to increase efficiency(Dan Zebek+),
• •f ThermoAcoustic(heat is recovered to cause air molecule massive excitation
type standing wave effect in confined space, then create temperature
difference & electricity generation), 300°C max. 20%+ efficiency electricity
conversion(Etalim, Aster Thermoacoustic+), Gas combustion use instead of
existing heat recovery but still comes far ahead of conventional system
cost(Nirvana-es.com), High performance cooling from heat(SoundEnergy BV,
Cool Sound Industries+)、

57
TECH 17: H.R. XI HEAT PUMP, THERMO PV
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvesting device based HEAT RECOVERY as
ELECTRICITY:、、
•g High performance unconventional heat pump: 30% extra energy saver for
various heat movement generally not achievable by other systems: Fisonic
Cavitation(Fisenko). CO2 Heat Pump "EcoCute" for hot water generation: part of
industry or residential standard in some nations/regions(eg Japan) somewhat less
to much less installation in other nations for its 10-20+% more saving in some
situations compared to regular heat pump(Denso, Sanden+), Claims of COP
>8(Mayekawa+): defacto 800+% efficiency. This is one of several state backed
energy related tech promoted in Japan: Some tech prospered like this while others
suddenly disappeared till recently(eg SuperCritical water). Non toxic CO2(R744)
can be also used in similar way for refrigeration with less restrictions by
environmental laws. Pure cooling without heating combo has been deemed no cost
saving over conventional medium system, but some industrial sized systems are
actually emerging as energy saving TransCritical CO2 Refrigeration Cycle by unique
combination of elements(Carnot Refrigeration+),
• •h Micron-gap ThermoPhotoVoltaics: MTPV corp(DiMatteo+); generally ignored
Near Field TPVs efficiency is upto a magnitude ahead of mainstream Far Field TPVs,
Jx Crystals TPV: Jx Crystals (Fraas) already measured 35% efficiency in 1989,

58
TECH 18: H.R. XII THZ-FIR RECTENNA ETC
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvester based HEAT RECOVERY as
ELECTRICITY:
•i Ambient EHF(Extreme High Frequency), Thz(Terahertz), FIR(Far InfraRed)
Rectenna (0.1-30Thz) by nano material use: Likely most disruptive science
approved under-explored heat recovery as EHF-FIR-Thz range EM radiation of
heat harvesting by Frequency Selective Surface(FSS) nanostructures & resonance
amplifying(Redwave Energy, Univ Manchester+): usually focused on industrial
heat <300°C, for industrial size electricity generation with much higher efficiency
than other solid state devices. EM overall density is much higher in this range
than lower RF waves in addition to easier high % harvesting quality.
• Metamaterial(manmade specific geometric pattern) or SRR(Split Ring Resonator
enabled broader band reception should significantly improve efficiency
especially at Extremely High Frequency range harvesting up from 0.001-1Thz
range(Parc Xerox+), But generally 70-80+% conversion range should be possible
& without heat-cooling maintenance concern like thermoelectric. In addition,
FIR Rectenna(FIR absorbing Optical Rectenna) technically allows microcurrent
harvesting perpetually 24hrs since everything emits FIR wave at above
0K(-273C). Also see various anomalous effects in this EM radiation
range(p198-207), -->>cont:

59
TECH 19: H.R.XIII REV SPIN HALL EFFECT ETC
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvester based HEAT RECOVERY as
ELECTRICITY:
• •j Some high heat generating Fuel Cells can build in CHP to boost efficiency
past 90%+(heat included) level: ■PAFC(Phosphoric acid): Fuji Electric+,
■MCFC(Molten Carbonate): FuelCell Energy+, ■SOFC(Solid Oxide)Bloom
Energy, Ene Farm/Kyocera - Osaka Gas - Toyota, Sunfire GmbH+, Ene Farm
is for house based unit, its SOFC is at 52% electrical efficiency & produces
lower cost power than retail price and can be sold to grid(Japan only),
■PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane): Ene Farm/Panasonic+,
• •k Paintable heat recovery system can significantly benefit: Thermo Diode
Coating(Ne Chernoff) or Spin Seebeck - Reverse Spin Hall Effect Paint:
Surface plasmon effect use dielectric material's spin current generator, & use
of magnon + phonon resonance would further improve efficiency(Ei Saito),
Ultrasonic spray coating hetrojunction Perovskite solar cell of 11%
efficiency(AT Barrows+), Also ferroelectric Perovskite's multi-energy
response ability hasn't been explored(Solar-PyroElectric-PiezoElectric): eg
KBNNO. ->>cont:、

60
TECH 20: H.R. XIV SCRUBBER, STEAM TRAP +
• —>> cont: ■■2. Mainly Solid State Harvester based HEAT RECOVERY as ELECTRICITY:
•l MHD & Faraday effect application: Electrical generation increases if high temp
electro-conductive waste heat exhaust or hot molten salt like flow is passed by MHD
device prior to existing system extraction. Self powered Magnetic Flow Meter by
opposing magnets separate charges in conductive water & picked up by opposed
electrodes to cause electron flow(OMEGA Engineering+), but this industrial level
energy harvesting tech is mostly ignored by mainstream.
• ■■3. Heat Recovery as HEAT, can save indicated % of entire related heating system:
•a Condensing Scrubber: Direct contact heat of exhaust fume to water with possible
5-15% range extra saving(while cleaning air) compared to conventional heat
recovery from the same source. Savings can exceed 30%+ compared to no action at
all(Babcock & Wilcox, Bionomic Industries QSense, Valmet+). Use of heat pump
amplifies saving(Condens Heat Recovery Oy, Caligo Industries+), most significant
consistent mainstream use in some Nordic nations.、
•b Venturi-Orifice steam trap: Loss in steam system is often taken for granted at
boiler or industrial systems. But they can save 5-25% of energy, while additionally
eliminating costs for related maintenance or mechanical systems with fast payback of
0.5-3yrs(Enetrap jp, Thermal Energy International, Delta Steam Systems, Ingrid
Wernicke Industrieservice+). Similar less degree of saving is possible with commonly
available steam eductor/ejector or venturi auto feeder/mixer. -->>cont:

61
• -->cont: ■■3. Heat Recovery as HEAT, can save indicated % of entire related
heating system:
• •c CHP: Combined Heat & Power/Cogeneration can more than double efficiency
with conventional tech use, well established in some nations(Denmark, Finland,
Russia, Netherlands+), many ex-soviet & its allies+, while surprisingly low use in
others(Japan, France, Sweden+). Often as centralized District Heating System,
this set up allows all types of new heat recovery like Solar thermal, biomass to
incorporate later on): Also further efficient Combined Cooling, Heat & Power
(CCHP, Trigeneration, use of absorption chiller) when there is also cooling need,
• •d Heat Pipe application: Low or no maintenance heat pipe(capillary driven
liquid-vapor phase change circulation system with inner side and outer side
within a sealed vessel) is often still underutilized super efficient heat conductor
for various industrial/residential heat energy saving applications (5-1000times
copper)(Aavid Thermacore, +..................................................................... ...... +)
that enables transfer of heat in recoverble shapes(eg Vapor Chamber to make it
possible to use conventional flat thermoelectric device otherwise unrecoverble,
or Heat Pipe to rapidly transfer heat & coolness to maximize thermoelectric
power generation. They are hard to quantify as % recovery improvement)
• 鞍山鞍明实业有限公司, 常州⻰腾光热科技股份有限公司
TECH 21: H.R. XV CHP, HEAT PIPE

62
• -->>cont: ■■3. Heat Recovery as HEAT, can save indicated % of entire related
heating system: •d Heat Pipe application:
• Heatpipe is also able to do its secondary recovery heat use etc to save energy up
to 40% or more in surprising # of cases if fully exploited from conventional
system: eg HVAC air conditioning, particularly dehumidification(wrap around
cooling coil on cooling and passive reheating) on any scale(Heat Pipe
Technology inc, Advanced Cooling Technologies+). Yet it is notable this is
defacto mandatory application in other industries like electronics, specific
manufacturing-chemical process, aerospace etc for effective cooling and heating.
Some of more advanced application like no fan required cooling outperforms
fan used cooling in electronics with no electricity use(eg Calyos SA, Nofan
Computer, Compulab Airtop, Sparton Rugged Electronics+) is not utilized for
energy sector
• ■■4. Heat Recovery as TORQUE, Shape Memory Alloy(SMA): Nitinol
engine(Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy, expands when cooled): “Negative
fatigue” temperature shapeshift metal with significant torque, Order of
magnitude increased durability to steel springs, US Navy link(Rid Banks,
Sandoval, Ginell, McNichols, Hochstein, A Johnson+),
TECH 22: H.R. XVI HEAT PIPE 2, SMA-NITINOL

63
TECH 23: H.R.XVII SHAPE METAL A. -NITINOL2
• -->>cont: ■■4. Heat Recovery as TORQUE, Shape Memory Alloy(SMA): Nitinol engine: 、
Due to cooling needs, Nitinol engine is more suitable for small unit based system. Active
movement to commercialize in 1970s but disappeared after. As happens for some disruptive
energy use, Shape Memory Alloy(SMA) is widely used & encouraged for other non energy
applications such as medical, dental, aerospace, robotics, structural integration etc. Also
there is some energy saving element at various automatic actuation at set temperature etc.
• Can be made simple system to produce energy with much lower cost than existing heat
recovery tech. Less disruptive format mainstream Nitinol based generator debut(Exergyn),
Some private type trials with solar air heating/desorption chamber for 24hr "perpetual free
energy system" demonstrations made(Kimton Gravity Engine, Kellogg's Research Labs,
Actment jp+), General Motors(GM) got US gov't grant in 2009 with Dynalloy & HRL
Laboratories along with patent for car exhaust heat recovery but news disappeared.
• Tech effect for power generation suitability is scientiﬁcally mainstream approved but
occasional main media level pseudoscientization effort exists. Shape Memory Polymer tried
for some micro energy harvesting, eg ElectroActive Polymer by wind or oscillation(TU Delft,
Bayer AG+). Also it is notable Nitinol is activatable in much wider temperature now with -200
to +150C range: eg Fe-Ni-Co-Ti(Daido Univ- Daido Steel - 形状記憶合金の吉見製作所 +).
SMA can be also almost no electricity use cooling by heat absorbing state under certain
conditions(Seelecke & Schütze +)

64
• ■ SOLAR: Rapid cost dropping(most competitive LCOE[Levelized Cost Of Electricity]
is on par with std Wind: <6cents/KWh), as of 2016 certain solar electricity generation
techs indicate past grid parity: lowest cost at LIMITED direct sun avail remote areas,
individual house, high cost nations(eg Europe), high day time cost(eg Japan), or
remote islands(eg Vanuatu, Hawaii). Fastest advancing major energy tech due to
direct link with microelectronics, computer, semiconductor, spectroscopy, laser-
optics, photonics, nanotech, space: many are linked to inventor “free energy”、
Open discussion & active pursuing of how to “violate” Shockley-Queisser limit(S-Q
limit) & quantum efficiency COP>1, by theoretical/experimental level at mainstream
academic with corporate/NGO/Gov’t sponsored. Although academic & socio-
economical ramification is much bigger, this is a sharp contrasted attitude towards
wind[Betz Limit], nuclear remediation(p265,266) or thermodynamics[2nd law, p161],
• And this mainstream handling method of S-Q limit can be applied/simulated to the
way of embracing inventor tech classic level over-unity electricity/energy extraction,
as LENR-Cold Fusion gets officially accepted, but this requires powerful Western
interlocked mainstream sponsor back up which is fractured support at best currently:
excess S-Q is far less disruptive for business structure.
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED “SUPER LOW
COST” (GRID PARITY) SOLAR <6CENTS/KWH

65
SCIENCE-ACCEPTED
“SUPER LOW COST” SOLAR 2 BEYOND S-Q
• —>> cont ■ SOLAR: But Direct Solar Heat(solar thermal) application is
universally lower cost in most of the world up to high latitude Southern
Scandinavia or Middle of Western Canada.
• Following solar pages list up potential cost reduction ideas, also some techs
are installable as lowest cost energy in some areas (*Note: due to
photovoltaic’s high tech nature, production process, choice of material & how it
is used affect costing much more than most other energy tech but this report
doesn’t cover these elements)
■1. Over S-Q limit Single Junction(SJ) Photovoltaic Solar Cell(SC): Significant
number of SJ cell Shockley-Queisser Limit 33% exceeding efficiency at lab
level experimental claims or strong indications/theoretical ideas discussed at
conference without criticism/risking loss of job, articles pass mainstream
journal editorials, and embraced by influential business/NGO/Gov’t lobbies &
funders, Examples: i Light concentrating property Standing Nanowire
(Krogstrup, Fontcuberta i Morral+), ii Solar Thermo-PhotoVoltaic(STPV, thermal
upconversion: absorb heat and re-emit it as extra photon for capture; Boriskina
+)(also see p57 •h) with specific geometric emitter-absorber combo(Rephaeli
+), —>> continue

Malamig na pagsasanib, Tesla, Libreng enerhiya = Palsipikado agham ? / Cold Fusion, Tesla, Free energy = Pseudo science? (part 1 of 2)

Malamig na pagsasanib, Tesla, Libreng enerhiya = Palsipikado agham ? / Cold Fusion, Tesla, Free energy = Pseudo science? (part 1 of 2)

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Malamig na pagsasanib, Tesla, Libreng enerhiya = Palsipikado agham ? / Cold Fusion, Tesla, Free energy = Pseudo science? (part 1 of 2)