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Fourth Edition – March 2021
First Edition – August 2015
Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP
www.indialegalhelp.com
This Presentation gives only an indication of the various provisions related to penalties and punishments for Directors under The
Companies Act, 2013 of India. It is not intended to be either complete or exhaustive narration of the subject.
Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP is registered with limited liability and bears LLPIN AAA-8450.
This Presentation is an academic exercise. It does not offer any advice or suggestion to any individual or firm or company. While all
efforts have been made to ensure accuracy and correctness of information provided, no warranties / assurances are provided or
implied. Readers are advised to consult a Legal Professional / Company Secretary / Chartered Accountant before taking any business
decisions. Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP does not accept any liability, either direct or indirect, with regard to any damages /
consequences / results arising due to use of the information contained in this Presentation.
Copyright – Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP, 2021
 Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) used to be a Draconian
law which has been substantially softened after the
amendments introduced vide The Companies
(Amendment) Act, 2020 (effective from 29th September
2020).
 Anti-business bias is apparent even after the softening.
 Duties, penalties and punishments continue to be
extremely stringent.
March 2021 www.indialegalhelp.com 2
A1. Officer
A2. Manager
A3. Managing Director
A4. Key Managerial Personnel
A5. Officer in Default
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A1. Officer
4
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Section 2(59)
A2. Manager
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Section 2(53)
A3. Managing Director
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Section 2(54)
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A4. Key Managerial Personnel
Section 2(51), amended in 2020.
A5. Officer in Default
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Section 2(60)
A5. Officer in Default (Continued)
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Section 2(60)
B1. Duties of Directors
B2. Disqualification to be a Director
B3. Cognizable Offences with No Bail
B4. Protection of Independent Directors
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B1. Duties of Director
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B1. Duties of Director (Continued)
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Section 166
B2. Disqualification to be a Director
13
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Section 164
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B2. Disqualification to be a Director (Continued)
14
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Section 164
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B3. Cognizable Offences Without Bail
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Section 212(6)
B4. Protection of Independent Directors
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Section 149(12)
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Chapter II – Incorporation of Company and
Matters Incidentals Thereto
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Note:
Rs. 1 Lakh = Rs. 100,000 = Rs. 0.1 million
Rs. 1 Crore = Rs. 10,000,000 = Rs. 10 million
Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
10A Filing of Declaration for
commencement of business
Rs. 50,000- Rs. 1,000 per day;
maximum Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
17 Supply to Member of Copies of
Memorandum, Articles and
Agreements 117(1)
Rs. 1,000 per day;
maximum Rs. 1 Lakh
Rs. 1,000 per day;
maximum Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
Chapter III – Prospectus & Allotment of Securities
19
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
26 Prospectus Minimum Rs. 50,000;
Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 50,000;
Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
35 Damage from misleading
prospectus
NIL Compensation without any
limitation to liability
NIL Not Applicable
36 Fraudulently inducing to invest
or lend
NIL As per Section 447 As per Section
447
Person fraudulently
inducing
40 Permission from Stock
Exchange before offering
securities to public
Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 50 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
42 (9) Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum
Rs. 25 Lakhs
Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum
Rs. 25 Lakhs
42 (10) Amount Involved in Offer or
Rs. 2 Crores, whichever is lower
+ Refund of amount collected
with interest
Amount Involved in Offer or
Rs. 2 Crores, whichever is lower
+ Refund of amount collected
with interest
Private Placement NIL Not Applicable
Chapter IV – Share Capital & Debentures
20
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
46 Issue of duplicate shares with
intent to defraud
Not less than 5 times value of
shares; Max. 10 times value of
shares or Rs. 10 Crores,
whicever is higher
As per Section 447 As per Section
447
Officer in default
53 Issue of Shares at a Discount NIL Not Applicable
56 Transfer of Shares Rs. 50,000 Rs 50,000 NIL Not Applicable
Amount raised through issue of shares at a discount or Rs. 5
Lakhs whichever is less and refund by company of all monies
along with interest of 12%
Chapter IV – Share Capital & Debentures (Continued)
21
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
60 Mentioning Authorized Capital
and not mentioning paid-up
capital
Rs. 10,000 Rs. 5,000 NIL Not Applicable
64 Informing Registrar about
alteration of share capital
Rs 500 per day, subject to max
of Rs 5 lakhs
Rs 500 per day subject to max
of Rs. 1 lakh
NIL Not Applicable
67* Reduction of Share Capital and
giving loans to persons for
buying shares of the company
Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 25 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 25 Lakhs
Up to 3 years Officer in default
68 Purchase by company of its own
securities
Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
* Not applicable to Private companies in which no corporate has invested in share capital; Debt less than two times equity or Rs. 50 crores; No default in
repayment to banks / financial institutions
Chapter V – Acceptance of Deposits
22
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
74 Failure to repay the deposit
after order by Tribunal
Minimum Rs. 1 Crore; Maximum
Rs. 10 Crores (in addition to
repayment of principal +
interest)
Minimum Rs. 25 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 2 Crores
Up to 7 years Officer in default
75 Acceptance of deposits with
intention to defraud (after
default under sec. 74)
NIL NIL In addition to under
sec. 74,
punishment under
sec. 447
Officer responsible
for accepting deposit
Chapter VI – Registration of Charges
23
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
86(1) Contravention of any of the
provisions of the Chapter
Rs. 5 lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable
86(2) Furnishing false information or
suppression of facts in relation
to registering of charges
NIL NIL As provided in
Section 447
Officer in default
Chapter VII – Management & Administration
24
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
88 Failure to maintain Register of
Members
Rs. 3 Lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable
90 Declaration of beneficial interest
of not less than 25 per cent in a
company
NIL Rs. 50,000+1,000 for each day
of delay subject to a maximum
of Rs. 2 lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
91 Closing of Register of Members
without proper notice or longer
than prescribed
Rs. 5,000 per day subject to a
maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh
Rs. 5,000 per day subject to a
maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
92 Delay in filing Annual Return
beyond period specified for
additional fee
Rs. 10,000+ Rs. 100 each day
subject to Rs. 2 lakh
Rs 10,000 + Rs 100 for each
day of default subject to a max
of Rs. 50,000
NIL Not Applicable
94 Refusing to a member
inspection of Register of
Members or Annual Return
Rs. 1,000 per day subject to a
maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh
Rs. 1,000 per day subject to a
maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
99 Default in holding Annual
General Meeting
Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh +
Rs. 5,000 per day
Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh +
Rs. 5,000 per day
NIL Not Applicable
102* Statement giving material facts
about special business at a
General Meeting
NIL Up to Rs. 50,000 or five times the
benefit to the promoter / director /
manager / KMP / relative.
Whichever is more
NIL Not Applicable
* Sec. 101-107 apply in case of private company unless otherwise specified in respective sections or Articles of Association of the company
Chapter VII – Management & Admin. (Continued)
25
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
105* Voting by proxy / Invitation by
company to appoint a person as
proxy
NIL Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable
111 Failure to circulate a resolution
moved by members
Rs. 25,000 Rs. 25,000 NIL Not Applicable
117 Delay in filing of special resolution
and some resolutions passed by
Board of Directors beyond period
with additional fees
Rs. 10,000+Rs 100 for each
day subject to a maximum of
Rs. 2 lakhs
10,000+Rs 100 for each day,
subject to a maximum of
Rs. 50,000
NIL Not Applicable
118 Minutes of meetings of Board or
Members or Committee of
Board
Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- Up to 2 years +
Fine Rs. 25,000
to Rs. 1 Lakh
Anyone tampering
with the minutes of
Board meeting
119 Refusal to a member to inspect
Minutes Book of General
Meeting
Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- NIL Not Applicable
121** Delay in Filing of Report on
AGM beyond the specified
period with additional fees
Rs. 1 lakh+ Rs 500 each day
subject to maximum of Rs 5
lakhs
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Rs. 500
per day of delay Maximum Rs.
1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
** Applicable only to listed public companies
* Sec. 101-107 apply in case of private company unless otherwise specified in respective sections or Articles of Association of the company
Chapter VIII – Declaration & Payment of Dividend
26
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
124 Unpaid Dividend Account Rs. 1 lakh ; Rs. 500 for each
day of delay; Max 10 lakh
Rs. 25,000 ; Rs 100 for each
day of delay; Max Rs 2 lakh
NIL Not applicable
127 Failure to distribute dividends Simple Interest at the rate of
18% per annum
Rs. 1,000 per day of default Up to 2 years Director who is
knowingly a party to
the default
Chapter IX – Accounts of Companies
27
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
128 Maintaining books of accounts NIL Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs
NIL NOT Applicable
129 Preparing Financial Statements
as per Accounting Standards
and Schedule III
NIL Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs
Up to 1 year MD, Whole Time
Director Finance,
CFO or any person
charged with this
duty; And in the
absence of any of
the above, all the
directors
134 Board's approval of Financial
Statements and Directors
Report
Rs. 3 lakhs Rs 50,000 NIL Not applicable
136 Sending audited financial
statement to members
Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- NIL Not applicable
137 Sending Financial Statements to
Registrar
Rs 10,000; Rs. 100 for each day
of delay; Max Rs 2 lakhs
Rs 10,000; Rs. 100 for each day
of delay; Max Rs. 50,000
NIL Not applicable
Chapter X – Audit and Auditors
28
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
140 Filing information about
resignation to be filed by auditor
NIL Auditor to pay Rs. 50,000 or
remuneration of the auditor,
whichever is less + Rs. 500 /
day; Maximum Rs. 2 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
147(1) Not less than Rs. 25,000; May
extend to Rs. 500,000
Not less than Rs. 10,000; May
extend to Rs. 100,000
NIL Not Applicable
147(2) Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs or four times the
remuneration of the auditor,
whichever is less
Minimum Rs. 50,000 or
Rs. 25 Lakhs or eight times the
remuneration of the auditor,
whichever is less
NIL Not Applicable
Contravention of any of the
provisions related to audit and
auditors
Chapter XI – Appointment & Qualification of Directors
29
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
157 Failure to furnish DIN of a
Director
Rs 25,000, Rs 100 per day of
delay, Max Rs 1 lakh
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Rs. 100
per day of delay,
Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
159 Defaults under sec. 152, 155
and 156 related to DIN and
such matters
NIL Maximum Rs. 50,000 + futher
Rs. 500 per day for continuing
default
NIL Not Applicable
165 Acting as Director in more than
20 companies
NIL Rs. 2,000 per day of default
subject to maximum of
Rs. 2 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
166 Duties of a Director NIL Rs 2,000 per day of default;
Max Rs. 2 lakh
NIL Not Applicable
167 Functioning as Director even
after the post has become
vacant
NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
172 Violation of any provisions of the
chapter where no specific
punishment is provided
Rs, 50,000 ; Rs 500 for each
day of default; Max 3 lakh
Rs, 50,000 ; Rs 500 for each
day of default; Max 1 lakh
NIL Not Applicable
Chapter XII – Meetings of Board & Its Powers
30
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
177 &
178
Audit Committee, Remuneration
Committee and Stakeholders
relationship Committee
Rs. 5 Lakhs Rs. 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable
184 Disclosure of Interest by
Director and not participating in
meetings when related
transactions discussed
NIL Rs. 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable
185* Prohibition on loans, guarantee,
security to Directors and firms
in which Directors are interested
Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs
Up to 6 months Director or person
who benefits
186 Loans and Investment in other
companies
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh
Up to 2 years Officer in default
187 Investments to be held in
company's name
Rs. 5 lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable
* Not applicable to Private companies in which no corporate has invested in share capital; Debt less than two times equity or Rs. 50 crores; No default in
repayment to banks / financial institutions
Chapter XII – Meetings of Board (Continued)
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
188 Related Party Transactions NIL Listed company- Rs 25 lakhs
Other company- Rs 5 lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
189 Register of Transactions under
sec. 184 or 188 to be signed by
all Directors
NIL Rs. 25,000- NIL Not Applicable
190** Register of Contract with MD or
Wholetime Director
Rs. 25,000 Rs. 5,000 NIL Not Applicable
191 Payment to Director for loss of
office or transfer of property
NIL Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable
** Not applicable in case of private companies
Chapter XIII – Appointment & Remuneration of
Managerial Personnel
32
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
197 Maximum Managerial
Remuneration
Rs. 5 Lakh Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable
203 Whole-time Key Managerial
Personnel to be appointed
necessarily
Rs. 5 Lakhs Rs. 50,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day
of continuing default, Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
204 Secretarial Audit Rs. 2 lakhs Rs. 2 lakhs NIL Not Applicable
Chapter XIV – Share Capital & Debentures
33
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
206(4) Business of company being
carried out for fraudulent or
unlawful purpose
NIL NIL As provided in
Section 447
Officer in default
206(7) Failure to furnish any
information or explanation or
document required by Registrar
Up to Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 500 per
day of continuing default
Up to Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 500 per
day of continuing default
NIL Not Applicable
207 /
217(6)
Disobeying direction issued by
Registrar or Inspector
NIL Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh
Up to 1 year +
Immediate removal
and disqualification
from holding any
office in any
company
Any Director or
officer
217(8) Failure to provide information or
documents to Inspector
NIL Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 2,000 per day
Up to 6 months Any person
Chapter XIV – Share Cap. & Debentures (Continued)
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
213 Company conducted with
fraudulent intent or person
involved with forming or
conducting guilty of fraud
NIL NIL As provided in
Section 447
Officer in default and
persons involved in
formation or
management
232 Contravention of provisions
related to mergers and
acquisitions
Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day
of default; Maximum Rs. 3
Lakhs
Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day
of default; Maximum Rs. 3
Lakhs
NIL Not Applicable
238 Registration of offer of schemes
involving transfer of shares
NIL Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Director
Chapter XVI – Prevention of Oppression &
Mismanagement
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
242 Not complying with order of
Tribunal
Minimum Rs. 1 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
243 Contravention of order of
Tribunal
Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable
245 Not complying with order of
Tribunal in relation to Class
Action
Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs;
Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh
Up to 3 years Officer in default
Chapter XX – Winding Up
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence
Penalty for
Company
Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
336 Concealment, misrepresentation
and fraud etc.
NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakh
Minimum 3
years, Up to 5
years
Any person who has
been an officer of the
company being
wound up
337 Inducing to give credit to
company later wound up or
concealing or removing property
NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakh
Minimum 1 year,
Up to 3 years
Any person who was
an officer at the time
338 Not keeping proper books of
account for two years preceding
winding up
NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakh
Minimum 1 year,
Up to 3 years
Officer in default
339 Fraudulent conduct of business NIL Personally liable without any
limitation of liability
As provided
under sec. 447
Any person who is
knowingly a party
344 Every invoice or order or
business letter to carry that the
company is being wound up
Minimum Rs.
50,000; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakh
Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum
Rs. 3 Lakh
NIL Not Applicable
347 Contravention of order related
to disposal of books etc. of
company wound up
NIL Up to Rs. 50,000- NIL Not Applicable
Chapter XXVIII – Special Courts
37
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Section
No.
Short Description of Offence
Penalty for
Company
Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
441
Failure to comply with order
by Tribunal related to
compounding
NIL Twice the penalty specified
in such provisions
NIL NIL
446B
Lesser penalties for One
Person Companies or small
companies
Minimum Penalty:
One half of penalty
specified in such
provisions; Maximum-
2 lakh rupees
Minimum Penalty-One half
of penalty specified in such
provisions; Maximum- 1 lakh
rupees
NIL NIL
Chapter XXIX – Miscellaneous
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Section
No.
Short Description of
Offence
Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
Fraud of amount
MORE than Rs. 10
Lakhs or 1% of
company's turnover,
whichever is less -
Involving Public
Interest
NIL Not less than the amount of
fraud but may extend to three
times the amount of fraud
Not less than 6 months,
may be up to 10 years.
Fraud of amount LESS
than Rs. 10 Lakhs or
1% of company's
turnover, whichever is
less - NOT involving
Public Interest
NIL Maximum Rs. 50 Lakhs Maximum 5 Years
449 Giving false evidence
on oath
NIL Up to Rs. 10 Lakhs Not less than 3 years,
up to 7 years
Any person
450 Where no specific
punishment provided
in the Act
Rs 10,000; Rs 1,000
each day for each day of
contravention; Max Rs 2
lakh
Rs 10,000; Rs 1,000 each day
for each day of contravention;
Max Rs 50,000
NIL Not Applicable
447 Any person guilty of
fraud
Chapter XXIX – Miscellaneous (Continued)
39
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Section
No.
Short Description of
Offence
Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default
Punishment -
Imprisonment
Applicability of
Punishment
451 Repeat offence within
three years
Twice the amount of
fine provided for the
offence
Twice the amount of fine
provided for the offence
As provided for the
offence
As provided in the
relevant section
452 Wrongful holding of
cash or property
NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum
Rs. 5 Lakhs
Up to 2 years Officer or employee
454 Non-payment of
penalty
Minimum Rs. 25,000;
Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs
Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum
Rs. 1 Lakh
Up to 6 months Officer in default
454A Penalty for repeared
default within 3 years
of the order for penalty
imposed
Twice the amount of
the penalty provided
Twice the amount of the penalty
provided
NIL NIL
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March 2021

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Liabilities of Directors under the Companies Act of India

  • 1. Fourth Edition – March 2021 First Edition – August 2015 Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP www.indialegalhelp.com This Presentation gives only an indication of the various provisions related to penalties and punishments for Directors under The Companies Act, 2013 of India. It is not intended to be either complete or exhaustive narration of the subject. Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP is registered with limited liability and bears LLPIN AAA-8450. This Presentation is an academic exercise. It does not offer any advice or suggestion to any individual or firm or company. While all efforts have been made to ensure accuracy and correctness of information provided, no warranties / assurances are provided or implied. Readers are advised to consult a Legal Professional / Company Secretary / Chartered Accountant before taking any business decisions. Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP does not accept any liability, either direct or indirect, with regard to any damages / consequences / results arising due to use of the information contained in this Presentation. Copyright – Anil Chawla Law Associates LLP, 2021
  • 2.  Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) used to be a Draconian law which has been substantially softened after the amendments introduced vide The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020 (effective from 29th September 2020).  Anti-business bias is apparent even after the softening.  Duties, penalties and punishments continue to be extremely stringent. March 2021 www.indialegalhelp.com 2
  • 3. A1. Officer A2. Manager A3. Managing Director A4. Key Managerial Personnel A5. Officer in Default www.indialegalhelp.com 3 March 2021
  • 6. A3. Managing Director www.indialegalhelp.com 6 March 2021 Section 2(54)
  • 7. March 2021 www.indialegalhelp.com 7 A4. Key Managerial Personnel Section 2(51), amended in 2020.
  • 8. A5. Officer in Default www.indialegalhelp.com 8 March 2021 Section 2(60)
  • 9. A5. Officer in Default (Continued) www.indialegalhelp.com 9 March 2021 Section 2(60)
  • 10. B1. Duties of Directors B2. Disqualification to be a Director B3. Cognizable Offences with No Bail B4. Protection of Independent Directors www.indialegalhelp.com 10 March 2021
  • 11. B1. Duties of Director www.indialegalhelp.com 11 March 2021
  • 12. B1. Duties of Director (Continued) www.indialegalhelp.com 12 March 2021 Section 166
  • 13. B2. Disqualification to be a Director 13 www.indialegalhelp.com Section 164 March 2021
  • 14. B2. Disqualification to be a Director (Continued) 14 www.indialegalhelp.com Section 164 March 2021
  • 15. B3. Cognizable Offences Without Bail www.indialegalhelp.com 15 March 2021 Section 212(6)
  • 16. B4. Protection of Independent Directors www.indialegalhelp.com 16 March 2021 Section 149(12)
  • 18. Chapter II – Incorporation of Company and Matters Incidentals Thereto www.indialegalhelp.com 18 March 2021 Note: Rs. 1 Lakh = Rs. 100,000 = Rs. 0.1 million Rs. 1 Crore = Rs. 10,000,000 = Rs. 10 million Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 10A Filing of Declaration for commencement of business Rs. 50,000- Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 17 Supply to Member of Copies of Memorandum, Articles and Agreements 117(1) Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum Rs. 1 Lakh Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable
  • 19. Chapter III – Prospectus & Allotment of Securities 19 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 26 Prospectus Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 35 Damage from misleading prospectus NIL Compensation without any limitation to liability NIL Not Applicable 36 Fraudulently inducing to invest or lend NIL As per Section 447 As per Section 447 Person fraudulently inducing 40 Permission from Stock Exchange before offering securities to public Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 50 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 42 (9) Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Rs. 1,000 per day; maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs 42 (10) Amount Involved in Offer or Rs. 2 Crores, whichever is lower + Refund of amount collected with interest Amount Involved in Offer or Rs. 2 Crores, whichever is lower + Refund of amount collected with interest Private Placement NIL Not Applicable
  • 20. Chapter IV – Share Capital & Debentures 20 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 46 Issue of duplicate shares with intent to defraud Not less than 5 times value of shares; Max. 10 times value of shares or Rs. 10 Crores, whicever is higher As per Section 447 As per Section 447 Officer in default 53 Issue of Shares at a Discount NIL Not Applicable 56 Transfer of Shares Rs. 50,000 Rs 50,000 NIL Not Applicable Amount raised through issue of shares at a discount or Rs. 5 Lakhs whichever is less and refund by company of all monies along with interest of 12%
  • 21. Chapter IV – Share Capital & Debentures (Continued) 21 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 60 Mentioning Authorized Capital and not mentioning paid-up capital Rs. 10,000 Rs. 5,000 NIL Not Applicable 64 Informing Registrar about alteration of share capital Rs 500 per day, subject to max of Rs 5 lakhs Rs 500 per day subject to max of Rs. 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable 67* Reduction of Share Capital and giving loans to persons for buying shares of the company Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Up to 3 years Officer in default 68 Purchase by company of its own securities Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable * Not applicable to Private companies in which no corporate has invested in share capital; Debt less than two times equity or Rs. 50 crores; No default in repayment to banks / financial institutions
  • 22. Chapter V – Acceptance of Deposits 22 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 74 Failure to repay the deposit after order by Tribunal Minimum Rs. 1 Crore; Maximum Rs. 10 Crores (in addition to repayment of principal + interest) Minimum Rs. 25 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 2 Crores Up to 7 years Officer in default 75 Acceptance of deposits with intention to defraud (after default under sec. 74) NIL NIL In addition to under sec. 74, punishment under sec. 447 Officer responsible for accepting deposit
  • 23. Chapter VI – Registration of Charges 23 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 86(1) Contravention of any of the provisions of the Chapter Rs. 5 lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 86(2) Furnishing false information or suppression of facts in relation to registering of charges NIL NIL As provided in Section 447 Officer in default
  • 24. Chapter VII – Management & Administration 24 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 88 Failure to maintain Register of Members Rs. 3 Lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 90 Declaration of beneficial interest of not less than 25 per cent in a company NIL Rs. 50,000+1,000 for each day of delay subject to a maximum of Rs. 2 lakhs NIL Not Applicable 91 Closing of Register of Members without proper notice or longer than prescribed Rs. 5,000 per day subject to a maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh Rs. 5,000 per day subject to a maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 92 Delay in filing Annual Return beyond period specified for additional fee Rs. 10,000+ Rs. 100 each day subject to Rs. 2 lakh Rs 10,000 + Rs 100 for each day of default subject to a max of Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 94 Refusing to a member inspection of Register of Members or Annual Return Rs. 1,000 per day subject to a maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh Rs. 1,000 per day subject to a maximum of Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 99 Default in holding Annual General Meeting Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 5,000 per day Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 5,000 per day NIL Not Applicable 102* Statement giving material facts about special business at a General Meeting NIL Up to Rs. 50,000 or five times the benefit to the promoter / director / manager / KMP / relative. Whichever is more NIL Not Applicable * Sec. 101-107 apply in case of private company unless otherwise specified in respective sections or Articles of Association of the company
  • 25. Chapter VII – Management & Admin. (Continued) 25 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 105* Voting by proxy / Invitation by company to appoint a person as proxy NIL Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 111 Failure to circulate a resolution moved by members Rs. 25,000 Rs. 25,000 NIL Not Applicable 117 Delay in filing of special resolution and some resolutions passed by Board of Directors beyond period with additional fees Rs. 10,000+Rs 100 for each day subject to a maximum of Rs. 2 lakhs 10,000+Rs 100 for each day, subject to a maximum of Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 118 Minutes of meetings of Board or Members or Committee of Board Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- Up to 2 years + Fine Rs. 25,000 to Rs. 1 Lakh Anyone tampering with the minutes of Board meeting 119 Refusal to a member to inspect Minutes Book of General Meeting Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- NIL Not Applicable 121** Delay in Filing of Report on AGM beyond the specified period with additional fees Rs. 1 lakh+ Rs 500 each day subject to maximum of Rs 5 lakhs Minimum Rs. 25,000; Rs. 500 per day of delay Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable ** Applicable only to listed public companies * Sec. 101-107 apply in case of private company unless otherwise specified in respective sections or Articles of Association of the company
  • 26. Chapter VIII – Declaration & Payment of Dividend 26 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 124 Unpaid Dividend Account Rs. 1 lakh ; Rs. 500 for each day of delay; Max 10 lakh Rs. 25,000 ; Rs 100 for each day of delay; Max Rs 2 lakh NIL Not applicable 127 Failure to distribute dividends Simple Interest at the rate of 18% per annum Rs. 1,000 per day of default Up to 2 years Director who is knowingly a party to the default
  • 27. Chapter IX – Accounts of Companies 27 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 128 Maintaining books of accounts NIL Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs NIL NOT Applicable 129 Preparing Financial Statements as per Accounting Standards and Schedule III NIL Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Up to 1 year MD, Whole Time Director Finance, CFO or any person charged with this duty; And in the absence of any of the above, all the directors 134 Board's approval of Financial Statements and Directors Report Rs. 3 lakhs Rs 50,000 NIL Not applicable 136 Sending audited financial statement to members Rs. 25,000- Rs. 5,000- NIL Not applicable 137 Sending Financial Statements to Registrar Rs 10,000; Rs. 100 for each day of delay; Max Rs 2 lakhs Rs 10,000; Rs. 100 for each day of delay; Max Rs. 50,000 NIL Not applicable
  • 28. Chapter X – Audit and Auditors 28 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 140 Filing information about resignation to be filed by auditor NIL Auditor to pay Rs. 50,000 or remuneration of the auditor, whichever is less + Rs. 500 / day; Maximum Rs. 2 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 147(1) Not less than Rs. 25,000; May extend to Rs. 500,000 Not less than Rs. 10,000; May extend to Rs. 100,000 NIL Not Applicable 147(2) Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs or four times the remuneration of the auditor, whichever is less Minimum Rs. 50,000 or Rs. 25 Lakhs or eight times the remuneration of the auditor, whichever is less NIL Not Applicable Contravention of any of the provisions related to audit and auditors
  • 29. Chapter XI – Appointment & Qualification of Directors 29 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 157 Failure to furnish DIN of a Director Rs 25,000, Rs 100 per day of delay, Max Rs 1 lakh Minimum Rs. 25,000; Rs. 100 per day of delay, Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 159 Defaults under sec. 152, 155 and 156 related to DIN and such matters NIL Maximum Rs. 50,000 + futher Rs. 500 per day for continuing default NIL Not Applicable 165 Acting as Director in more than 20 companies NIL Rs. 2,000 per day of default subject to maximum of Rs. 2 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 166 Duties of a Director NIL Rs 2,000 per day of default; Max Rs. 2 lakh NIL Not Applicable 167 Functioning as Director even after the post has become vacant NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 172 Violation of any provisions of the chapter where no specific punishment is provided Rs, 50,000 ; Rs 500 for each day of default; Max 3 lakh Rs, 50,000 ; Rs 500 for each day of default; Max 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable
  • 30. Chapter XII – Meetings of Board & Its Powers 30 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 177 & 178 Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee and Stakeholders relationship Committee Rs. 5 Lakhs Rs. 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable 184 Disclosure of Interest by Director and not participating in meetings when related transactions discussed NIL Rs. 1 lakh NIL Not Applicable 185* Prohibition on loans, guarantee, security to Directors and firms in which Directors are interested Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Up to 6 months Director or person who benefits 186 Loans and Investment in other companies Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh Up to 2 years Officer in default 187 Investments to be held in company's name Rs. 5 lakhs Rs. 50,000 NIL Not Applicable * Not applicable to Private companies in which no corporate has invested in share capital; Debt less than two times equity or Rs. 50 crores; No default in repayment to banks / financial institutions
  • 31. Chapter XII – Meetings of Board (Continued) 31 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 188 Related Party Transactions NIL Listed company- Rs 25 lakhs Other company- Rs 5 lakhs NIL Not Applicable 189 Register of Transactions under sec. 184 or 188 to be signed by all Directors NIL Rs. 25,000- NIL Not Applicable 190** Register of Contract with MD or Wholetime Director Rs. 25,000 Rs. 5,000 NIL Not Applicable 191 Payment to Director for loss of office or transfer of property NIL Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable ** Not applicable in case of private companies
  • 32. Chapter XIII – Appointment & Remuneration of Managerial Personnel 32 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 197 Maximum Managerial Remuneration Rs. 5 Lakh Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 203 Whole-time Key Managerial Personnel to be appointed necessarily Rs. 5 Lakhs Rs. 50,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day of continuing default, Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 204 Secretarial Audit Rs. 2 lakhs Rs. 2 lakhs NIL Not Applicable
  • 33. Chapter XIV – Share Capital & Debentures 33 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 206(4) Business of company being carried out for fraudulent or unlawful purpose NIL NIL As provided in Section 447 Officer in default 206(7) Failure to furnish any information or explanation or document required by Registrar Up to Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 500 per day of continuing default Up to Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 500 per day of continuing default NIL Not Applicable 207 / 217(6) Disobeying direction issued by Registrar or Inspector NIL Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh Up to 1 year + Immediate removal and disqualification from holding any office in any company Any Director or officer 217(8) Failure to provide information or documents to Inspector NIL Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh + Rs. 2,000 per day Up to 6 months Any person
  • 34. Chapter XIV – Share Cap. & Debentures (Continued) 34 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 213 Company conducted with fraudulent intent or person involved with forming or conducting guilty of fraud NIL NIL As provided in Section 447 Officer in default and persons involved in formation or management 232 Contravention of provisions related to mergers and acquisitions Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day of default; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 1,000 per day of default; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 238 Registration of offer of schemes involving transfer of shares NIL Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Director
  • 35. Chapter XVI – Prevention of Oppression & Mismanagement 35 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 242 Not complying with order of Tribunal Minimum Rs. 1 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 243 Contravention of order of Tribunal Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs NIL Not Applicable 245 Not complying with order of Tribunal in relation to Class Action Minimum Rs. 5 Lakhs; Maximum Rs. 25 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh Up to 3 years Officer in default
  • 36. Chapter XX – Winding Up 36 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 336 Concealment, misrepresentation and fraud etc. NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakh Minimum 3 years, Up to 5 years Any person who has been an officer of the company being wound up 337 Inducing to give credit to company later wound up or concealing or removing property NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakh Minimum 1 year, Up to 3 years Any person who was an officer at the time 338 Not keeping proper books of account for two years preceding winding up NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakh Minimum 1 year, Up to 3 years Officer in default 339 Fraudulent conduct of business NIL Personally liable without any limitation of liability As provided under sec. 447 Any person who is knowingly a party 344 Every invoice or order or business letter to carry that the company is being wound up Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakh Minimum Rs. 50,000; Maximum Rs. 3 Lakh NIL Not Applicable 347 Contravention of order related to disposal of books etc. of company wound up NIL Up to Rs. 50,000- NIL Not Applicable
  • 37. Chapter XXVIII – Special Courts 37 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 441 Failure to comply with order by Tribunal related to compounding NIL Twice the penalty specified in such provisions NIL NIL 446B Lesser penalties for One Person Companies or small companies Minimum Penalty: One half of penalty specified in such provisions; Maximum- 2 lakh rupees Minimum Penalty-One half of penalty specified in such provisions; Maximum- 1 lakh rupees NIL NIL
  • 38. Chapter XXIX – Miscellaneous 38 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment Fraud of amount MORE than Rs. 10 Lakhs or 1% of company's turnover, whichever is less - Involving Public Interest NIL Not less than the amount of fraud but may extend to three times the amount of fraud Not less than 6 months, may be up to 10 years. Fraud of amount LESS than Rs. 10 Lakhs or 1% of company's turnover, whichever is less - NOT involving Public Interest NIL Maximum Rs. 50 Lakhs Maximum 5 Years 449 Giving false evidence on oath NIL Up to Rs. 10 Lakhs Not less than 3 years, up to 7 years Any person 450 Where no specific punishment provided in the Act Rs 10,000; Rs 1,000 each day for each day of contravention; Max Rs 2 lakh Rs 10,000; Rs 1,000 each day for each day of contravention; Max Rs 50,000 NIL Not Applicable 447 Any person guilty of fraud
  • 39. Chapter XXIX – Miscellaneous (Continued) 39 www.indialegalhelp.com March 2021 Section No. Short Description of Offence Penalty for Company Penalty for Officer in Default Punishment - Imprisonment Applicability of Punishment 451 Repeat offence within three years Twice the amount of fine provided for the offence Twice the amount of fine provided for the offence As provided for the offence As provided in the relevant section 452 Wrongful holding of cash or property NIL Minimum Rs. 1 Lakh; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Up to 2 years Officer or employee 454 Non-payment of penalty Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 5 Lakhs Minimum Rs. 25,000; Maximum Rs. 1 Lakh Up to 6 months Officer in default 454A Penalty for repeared default within 3 years of the order for penalty imposed Twice the amount of the penalty provided Twice the amount of the penalty provided NIL NIL
  • 40. We take an entrepreneur’s perspective on every issue. Seeing our clients' business grow and prosper is our passion. www.indialegalhelp.com 40 www.indialegalhelp.com info@indialegalhelp.com We follow a transparent system for fees. Please look at our Indicative Rates (http://www.indialegalhelp.com/files/indicativerates.pdf ) before contacting us. Helps you with – Strategic Advice, Insolvency Assistance, International Investment Arbitration, International Commercial Arbitration, Corporate Relationships, Resolving Disputes without Litigation, Structures for Global Business Entities, Research based opinion March 2021