This lesson is part of the subject Community engagement to know more about Citizenship

1. Citizenship
Bases of Filipino Citizenship

2. Citizenship
Citizenship is the status
of a person recognized under
the law as a legal member of a
nation.

3. Article IV Section 1,
of the Philippine
Constitution states the
following key points to
determine that an
individual is a citizen of
the Philippines:
Those who are citizens of
the Philippines at the time
of the adoption of this
Constitution
Those whose fathers or
mothers are citizens of
the Philippines
Those who are
naturalized in accordance
to law
Those born before January
17, 1973, of Filipino mothers,
who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching
the age of majority

4. 2 generally recognized forms of acquiring Philippine citizenship
Citizenship by
Naturalization
Citizenship
by Birth

5. Citizenship
by Birth
Citizenship by birth is based on two
principles:
Jus soli and Jus sanguinis.
Jus soli or the right of soil, is the legal
principle that states that a person's nationality at
birth is determined by her/his place of birth.
The second principle, Jus sanguinis or the
right of blood, the legal principle that, at birth, an
acquires the nationality of her/his natural parents.
The Philippines adopts the principle of Jus
sanguinis in determining citizenship.

6. As of 2010, the Philippine nationality law provides that a person becomes a Philippine
citizen by birth considering the following factors:
● That the person was born on or after October 15, 1986 and at least one parent
was a Philippine citizen on the birthdate
● That the person was born on or after January 17, 1973 and both parents were
Philippine citizens on the birthdate or the person elected Philippine citizenship
pursuant to the provisions of the 1935 Constitution
● That the person was born on or after May 14, 1935 and the father was a
Philippine citizen or, if the father was not, the mother was a Philippine citizen
and the person elected Philippine citizenship pursuant to the provisions of the
1935 Constitution
● That the person was born on or after August 29, 1916 and prior to May 14, 1935
and at least one parent was an inhabitant and resident of the Philippine Islands
and a Spanish subject on April 11, 1899, or that person was an inhabitant and
resident of the Philippine Islands and a Spanish subject on April 11, 1899, except
in certain specific cases

7. Citizenship
by
Naturalization
The second form of acquiring
Filipino citizenship is by naturalization.
This is the judicial act of adopting a
foreigner and granting him the privileges
of a native-born citizen. It requires the
foreigner's renunciation of her/his former
nationality.

8. Section 2 of the Revised Naturalization Law defines the following
qualifications for a person to become a naturalized Filipino citizen:
● S/he must not be less than twenty-one (21) years of age on the day of the
hearing of the petition
● S/he must have resided in the Philippines for a continuous period of not less
than ten (10) years
● S/he must be of good moral character and believes in the principles underlying
the Philippine Constitution, and must have conducted her/himself in a proper
and irreproachable manner during the entire period of her/his residence in the
Philippines in her/his relation with the constituted government as well as with
the community in which s/he is living

9. Section 2 of the Revised Naturalization Law defines the following
qualifications for a person to become a naturalized Filipino citizen:
● S/he must own real estate in the Philippines worth not less than five thousand
(5000) pesos, Philippine currency, or must have some known lucrative trade,
profession, or lawful occupation
● S/he must be able to speak or write English or Spanish or any one of the
principal Philippine languages
● S/he must have enrolled her/his minor children of school age in any of the public
or private schools recognized by the Office of Private Education of the
Philippines where Philippine history, government, and civics are taught or
prescribed as part of the school curriculum, during the entire period of the
residence in the Philippines required of her/him prior to the hearing of the
petition for naturalization as Philippine citizen

10. Loss of Philippine Citizenship
Commonwealth Act No. 63, dated 20 October 1936, provides that Philippine citizens may lose citizenship in any of the
following ways or events:
1. by
naturalization in
a foreign country
2. by renunciation of
citizenship or the public
declaration that one
voluntarily relinquishes
her/his citizenship
3. by subscribing to an oath
of allegiance to support the
constitution or laws of a
foreign country upon
attaining twenty-one (21)
years of age or more.
Provided, however, that a
Filipino may not divest
her/himself of Philippine
citizenship in any manner
while the Republic of the
Philippines is at war with
any country

11. Loss of Philippine Citizenship
Commonwealth Act No. 63, dated 20 October 1936, provides that Philippine citizens may lose citizenship in any of the
following ways or events:
4. by rendering services
to, or accepting
commission in, the
armed forces of a
foreign country, and the
taking of an oath of
allegiance incident
thereto, except in
certain specified cases
5. by
cancellation of
the certificates
of naturalization
6. by having been
declared, by competent
authority, a deserter of
the Philippine armed
forces in time of war,
unless subsequently, a
plenary pardon or
amnesty has been
granted

12. Loss of Philippine Citizenship
Commonwealth Act No. 63, dated 20 October 1936, provides that Philippine citizens may lose citizenship in any of the
following ways or events:
7. in the case of a
woman, upon her
marriage to a foreigner
if, by virtue of the laws
in force in her husband's
country, she acquires
his nationality

13. A provision was provided as stated in Republic Act No. 8171
approved on October 23, 1995 that allows Filipino women married
to foreigners and natural-born Filipinos, including their minor
children, who lost their Philippine citizenship to reacquire it.
Reacquisition of Philippine
Citizenship

14. provides that natural-born citizens of the Philippines who
had lost their Philippine citizenship due to their naturalization as
citizens of a foreign country may reacquire their Philippine
citizenship upon taking the oath of allegiance to the Republic.
These will include their children whether legitimate,
illegitimate, or adopted, below eighteen (18) years of age. They are
deemed to have reacquired Filipino citizenship upon taking the
oath of allegiance to the Philippine Republic..
Republic Act No. 9225

15. WHAT IS CITIZEN
PARTICIPATION?
Citizen participation is the dynamic
and voluntary involvement of community
members to address issues and concerns
affecting their community and improve
social policies, laws, and programs.

16. The following are the important concepts emphasized about citizen participation:
● Participation is voluntary. Participants are committed to exert their efforts.
● Members focus on the community and do not rely on outside help.
● Community members work and make their own changes and improvements to
the community.
● Members are aware of the issues and problems confronting the community.
● Participants target laws, rules, and regulations affecting the community so these
can serve the community and its members better.

17. The following are important factors to consider for an effective Citizen Participation Program:
● The program should focus on specific needs and the process should be outlined
and clarified.
● The program should be designed to function using available resources of the
community.
● The program should be responsive to the participants
● The program should clearly explain the roles and responsibilities of the
participants.
● The program should be approved by the community or leaders and meet legal
requirements.

18. Citizen participation is defined by two models.
Cognitive Engagement
which views participation as a result of
individual dispositions such as one's personal
interest or awareness on politics. A young
person who is interested in sports may allocate
one's time training out-of-school youth to
promote fitness and a healthy lifestyle among
the underprivileged youth.
which considers participation as based on
social interaction among individuals within
groups and communities. Social capital-which
consists of networks of associations, trust, and
norms of reciprocity-enables members of the
group to work together and achieve their
goals.
Social Capital Model

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