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1. What is soilless farming?
Soilless farming is a way of growing plants without
using traditional soil. Instead, plants get their nutrients
directly from a special liquid that contains everything
they need. This method helps farmers control the plant's
environment more precisely, allowing for efficient and
controlled growth without natural soil.
Aquatic environment (hydroponics)
Substrate medium (sand, gravel, cocobit, etc.)
There are two different methods.

2. Why soilless farming?
• Rapid growth of world population
• Increasing problems of soil origin

3. Soilless farming in the world
In the countries of the European Union, soilless
farming techniques are used in approximately 90% of
the total greenhouse areas in the Netherlands and
Belgium.
Among the Mediterranean countries, the use of
soilless agricultural techniques is growing rapidly in
Spain.
There is almost no soil cultivation in Japan.

4. Another important reason for switching to
soilless farming is productivity
In greenhouses where soilless farming are applied,
plants develop 3 times faster and reach 5 times more
productivity potential than under normal conditions.
With soil 100-120 tons of tomatoes are obtained per
hectare in greenhouses
450-500 tons of tomatoes are obtained in
greenhouses where soilless farming techniques are
applied.

5. Aquatic environment (hydroponics)
It is the giving of special solutions to plant roots
Stagnant water culture
Flowing water culture
Aeroponics
What is hydroponics?
Hydroponics refers to the cultivation of plants in a soilless
environment. Hydroponics is a word made up of "hydro"
meaning water and "ponya" translating to labor or work;
that is, a landless farming system.

6. Aeroponics
Aeroponics is a way of growing plants without using soil.
Instead of planting in the ground or another material, plants
are suspended in the air. Nutrient-rich water is sprayed into
their roots as a fine mist. This method helps plants get the
nutrients they need and allows for faster and efficient growth
. Aeroponics is often used in indoor farming systems.

7. Materials used in the substrate
environment
• Organic
Peat
Cocobit
Sawdust, tree bark
Paddy husk
Peanut shell
Hay

8. • Inorganic
Sand and gravel
Perlite
Vermiculite
Expanded clay
Strafor

9. Plant peat
It is one of the best used methods in soilless
farming because of its high water holding
capacity.
Cocobit (coconut peat)
-It is made from cashew fibers
-It is an imported product, its cost is high

10. Stawdust
•Sawdust different trees
has a good indicator
moisture retention.
• It needs to be replaced
after a certain period

11. Sand and gravel
•Sand is the cheapest substrate. Smaller sands
can prevent aeration.
• Gravel - Small, round and uniform in size.
It is known to be washed and sterilized like
sand.

12. Advantages
-Pests and diseases are prevented
-The same species can be grown
many times
-A higher product is obtained in the
same space
-More healthy plants are obtained
-No need to use land
-A constant water
supply is necessary
-It takes time
-The initial investment
can be high
Disadvantage
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