The document discusses the latest trends in web development, covering essential aspects of both front-end and back-end development, as well as the growing popularity of progressive web apps (PWAs), single-page applications (SPAs), and dark mode UI. It highlights the high demand for web development skills and offers insights into the technologies and programming languages used in the field, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. Additionally, it explores emerging trends like voice search, AI-powered chatbots, and motion UI, emphasizing their impact on user experience and the evolving landscape of web development.

1. LATEST
TRENDS

2. Web Development
 Web development is the building and maintenance of
websites; it’s the work that happens behind the scenes to
make a website look great, work fast and perform well with a
seamless user experience.
 Web development can range from developing a simple
single static page of plain text to complex web applications,
electronic businesses, and social network services.
 Web development skills are in high demand worldwide and
well paid too – making development a great career option.
 It is one of the easiest accessible higher paid fields as you
do not need a traditional university degree to become

3. Front-End Development
 A front-end dev takes care of layout, design and
interactivity using HTML, CSS and JavaScript. They
take an idea from the drawing board and turn it into
reality.
 What you see and what you use, such as the visual
aspect of the website, the drop down menus and the text,
are all brought together by the front-end dev, who writes
a series of programmes to bind and structure the
elements, make them look good and add interactivity.

5. Key skills required to become a Front-End
developer :-
• HTML :- is the backbone of any website development process,
without which a web page does not exist. Hypertext means
that text has links, termed hyperlinks, embedded in it. When a
user clicks on a word or a phrase that has a hyperlink, it will
bring another web-page. A markup language indicates text can
be turned into images, tables, links, and other representations.
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) :- Cascading Style Sheets
fondly referred to as CSS is a simply designed language
intended to simplify the process of making web pages
presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to web pages.
More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independent of
the HTML that makes up each web page.
• JavaScript:- JavaScript is a famous scripting language used

7. Backend Development
• Backend is the server-side of the website. It stores and
arranges data, and also makes sure everything on the
client-side of the website works fine.
• It is the part of the website that you cannot see and interact
with. It is the portion of software that does not come in direct
contact with the users.
• Activities, like writing APIs, creating libraries, and working
with system components without user interfaces or even
systems of scientific programming, are also included in the
backend.
• It contains behind-the-scene activities that occur when
performing any action on a website. It can be an account
login or making a purchase from an online store. Code

8. Key skills required to become a BACK-
End developer
• PHP: PHP is a server-side scripting language designed
specifically for web development. Since PHP code
executed on the server-side, so it is called a server-side
scripting language.
• C++: It is a general-purpose programming language and
widely used nowadays for competitive programming. It is
also used as a backend language.
• Java: Java is one of the most popular and widely used
programming languages and platforms. It is highly
scalable. Java components are easily available.
• Python: Python is a programming language that lets you

9. Key skills required to become a BACK-End
developer
• JavaScript: JavaScript can be used as both (front end and
back end) programming languages.
• Node.js: Node.js is an open-source and cross-platform
runtime environment for executing JavaScript code outside
a browser. You need to remember that NodeJS is not a
framework, and it’s not a programming language. Most
people are confused and understand it’s a framework or a
programming language. We often use Node.js for building
back-end services like APIs like Web App or Mobile App. It’s
used in production by large companies such as Paypal,
Uber, Netflix, Wallmart, and so on.

10. Full-Stack Development
• If both Frontend and Backend development appeal to
you, you could consider becoming a Full-Stack
Developer.
• Full-stackers take care of both the front-end and the
back-end, and need to know how the web works on all
levels, in order to determine how the client- and server-
sides will relate.

11. Top web development trends
1. Progressive Web Apps (PWAs)
It’s an app that functions as a website with a full-native mobile app
experience. It communicates with clients as a native app and runs
independently. PWAs help websites to load in no time and can also work
offline in apps like Google Maps. Companies like Starbucks, Uber,
Pinterest, and Twitter have already been using PWAs for a better user
experience.
Here are favorable changes the PWA technology brought for businesses
and users:
 Seamless installation
 Saving device storage and power
 Lessened support and development expenses
 Smooth updating and maintenance
 Faster launch to the market

12. How PWAs built?
PWAs built using common web technologies
including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and WebAssembly. It is intended
to work on any platform that uses a standards-compliant browser,
including both desktop and mobile devices.
Since a progressive web app is a type
of webpage or website known as a web application, they do not
require separate bundling or distribution. Developers can just
publish the web application online, ensure that it meets baseline
"installability requirements", and users will be able to add the
application to their home screen.

13. 10 Best Examples of Progressive Web Apps (PWAs)
1) Facebook PWA.
2) Forbes PWA.
3) Pinterest PWA.
4) AliExpress PWA.
5) Flipkart PWA.
6) Telegram PWA.
7) Google Maps Go PWA.
8) Uber PWA.
9) Twitter

14. 2. Single Page Application(SPA)
SPA is one of the trendy and ruling web development technologies.
Unlike conventional website apps, they contain a single page that
initially loads the whole website page and then loads the dynamic
content on the same page. HTML5 and AJAX are used to make
SPAs responsive.
Moreover, frontend JavaScript frameworks like Vue, Ember, React,
and Angular also deal with the client-side SPA development.
Besides being cost-effective and relatively easy to create thanks to the
popular AngularJS framework, SPAs consume less space on servers
and provide information to users efficiently on a single page without the
need to navigate around.
Some perks of SPAs include:
 Offline support
 Convenient debugging

15. How single-page application work?
A single-page application (SPA) is a web
application or website that interacts with the user by dynamically
rewriting the current web page with new data from the web server,
instead of the default method of a web browser loading entire new
pages. The goal is faster transitions that make the
website feel more like a native app.
In a SPA, a page refresh never occurs; instead, all
necessary HTML, JavaScript, and CSS code is either retrieved by
the browser with a single page load,[1] or the appropriate
resources are dynamically loaded and added to the page as
necessary, usually in response to user actions.

16. Some Single Page Application examples are :-
1) Gmail
2) Google Maps
3) Netflix
4) Pinterest
5) Paypal
6) Facebook
7) What’s App

17. 3. Dark Mode UI
The dark mode trend has become immensely popular
worldwide, and we expect it to soar higher in the coming
years. Due to its visual design pattern, a dark-themed
website makes it easier for users to enjoy web browsing
regardless of device.

18. How to Create Dark/Light mode:
Light-on-dark color scheme, also called dark mode, is a
supplemental mode that uses a color scheme in which
content of a webpage is displayed on a dark background.
• Create an HTML Document.
• Create CSS for the document file as well as for dark
mode.
• Add a switch/toggler to toggle between light and dark
mode.
• Add functionality to the switch/toggler to toggle between
light and dark mode using javascript or jQuery code.

19. Some advantages of dark mode UI are:
 Reduces blue-light
 Saves battery life
 Makes UI content accessible and legible to all
 Lowers eye strain even in low light condition
Some Dark mode UI examples are :-
1) Google
2) Facebook
3) Reddit
4) Twitter

20. 4. Voice Search
Voice search, also called voice-enabled, allows the user to use a voice
command to search the Internet, a website, or an app.
In a broader definition, voice search includes open-domain keyword query
on any information on the Internet.
Voice search is often interactive, involving several rounds of interaction
that allows a system to ask for clarification. Voice search is a type of dialog
system.
Here are some of the most popular voice search devices
1) Google Home: Google.
2) Amazon Echo/Alexa: Bing.
3) Google Assistant: Google.
4) iPhone/Siri: Safari.
5) Android phones and devices: Google.
6) Microsoft Cortana: Bing.

21. How voice recognition work?
• The difference between text and voice search is not only the
input type. The mechanism must include an automatic
speech recognition (ASR) for input, but it can also
include natural language understanding for natural search
queries such as "What's the population for the United
States“.
• It can include text-to-speech (TTS) or a regular display for
output modalities. Users might sometimes be required to
activate the search by using a wake word.
• Then, the search system will detect the language spoken by
the user, then detect the keywords and context of the
sentence. Next, the device will return results depending on
its output. A device with a screen might display the results,

22. 5. AI-Powered Chatbots
A chatbot or chatterbot is a software application used to conduct an on-line
chat conversation via text or text-to-speech, in lieu of providing direct contact
with a live human agent.
Apart from helping organizations faster operations with text or voice chats,
AI-powered chatbots also enhance the client experience. They can
accumulate information, fix problems, answer promptly to queries, and all in
all, offer a smooth digital experience.
Many industries like finance, education, travel, and healthcare are profiting
the most from chatbots.
some of the Best AI Chatbots:
1) Landbot.
2) ManyChat.
3) REVE Chat.
4) Survey Sparrow.
5) Tars.
6) HubSpot chatbot builder.

24. How AI-chatbots work?
Chatbots are used in dialog systems for various purposes
including customer service, request routing, or information
gathering. While some chatbot applications use extensive
word-classification processes, natural language processors,
and sophisticated AI, others simply scan for general keywords
and generate responses using common phrases obtained from
an associated library or database.
Common AI Techniques Used in Chatbots
• Natural Language Processing (NLP)
• Named Entity Recognition (NER)
• Machine Learning in Chatbots
• Augmentation capacities
• Personality AI in Chatbots
• Conversational AI in Chatbots
• Problem Solving in Chatbots

25. 7. Motion UI
Motion UI is a Sass library for quickly creating flexible UI transitions and
animations. It is a stand-alone library that controls the transformation
effects included in a variety of Foundation components, including Toggler,
Reveal and Orbit.
Startups always focus more on user experience and invest fewer resources in
appearance. However, there are more chance of getting notice by promising users
if you have a beautifully designed apps and websites. Hence, visual design has
become an effective marketing strategy.
MVPs will remain minimalistic in 2022. Simultaneously, experts predict the
popularity of new design methods like motion UI. Although it has been in trend
since 2018, it has become highly available for all device users only because of the
SASS library technology.
Motion UI design makes the use of digital products more spontaneous and
precise.
Using them, developers don’t have to invest more time in digital product creation
and save expenses for product owners.

26. What skills do motion graphics designers
need?
• 3-D modeling
• Animation perspective
• Organization
• Procedural animation
• Texturing and lighting effects

27. Some other latest trends are :-
 Serverless Architecture
 Blockchain Technology
 Internet of Things (IoT)
 Accelerated Mobile Pages
 Mobile-friendly Development, etc

28. Thank You
Chitra
Chauhan