The document provides information about the history, location, climate, population, and environment of Las Vegas, Nevada. It notes that Las Vegas was originally named by a Spanish merchant and later became a ranch. When the ranch owner died, his wife sold it to a railroad company, leading to more development. Las Vegas is located in the northern hemisphere near the Tropic of Cancer, far from the prime meridian. It has a desert climate with hot, dry summers and mild winters, and faces environmental issues around lack of water.