El documento proporciona información sobre los automóviles. Explica que un automóvil es un vehículo de cuatro ruedas que se usa para transportar entre 2 y 8 personas impulsado por un motor de explosión de gasolina, diésel o aire. También menciona que ahora se producen automóviles eléctricos. Además, brinda detalles breves sobre la historia de los primeros automóviles y cómo funciona su motor.
El documento proporciona información sobre los automóviles. Explica que un automóvil es un vehículo de cuatro ruedas que se usa para transportar entre 2 y 8 personas impulsado por un motor de explosión de gasolina, diésel o aire. También menciona que ahora se producen automóviles eléctricos. Además, brinda detalles breves sobre la historia de los primeros automóviles y cómo funciona su motor.
This document provides information about a product business opportunity and compensation plan. It lists the levels in the compensation plan from levels 1 to 12. At each level, it shows the number of people in the level, the daily income earned from that level, and the total income earned including all previous levels. The highest level shown is level 12 which has 2048 people and provides a total daily income of $241,395.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Porsche, a German manufacturer of luxury high performance automobiles, was started as a company called “Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche GmbH” by Ferdinand Porsche. Initially the company didn’t build any cars under its own name and offered consultancy for motor vehicle development. This company is known for designing the first Volkswagen car, Volkswagen Beetle. Ferdinand turned this company into Porsche in 1931, but the first Porsche car wasn’t introduced till 1939.
The automobile industry has seen a very rapid growth in the past decade, this is followed by the evolution from ordinary inline cylinder engines to high performance V-type engines, etc., but the parameters which take the centre stage of the competition are efficiency, power, and environmental safety. One technology that is going to be the heart of the future diesel cars is TWIN TURBO technology. The basic principle is derived from the old familiar turbo mechanism. This uses the exhaust from the engine to pressurize the inlet air, thereby providing more oxygen to flow through the combustion chamber, to burn the fuel more efficiently and thus increasing the power output. Unlike the Bi-Turbo mechanism, this Twin Turbo is a combination of two turbo chargers mounted serially rather than in parallel. This configuration offers the car a whopping 112 BHP per litre (1000cc) of engine capacity, which is a world record. And it produces a maximum torque of 400Nm at 1400 RPM. Even though the car delivers a much higher power than its counterparts, it still maintains the conventional 16.5 KMpL as mileage. The environmental safety standard is the major consideration today; this technology is EURO V ready. The only car in India, which has this facility, is Hyundai i20. This technology if properly adopted by the automobile industry could provide a major breakthrough in the Indian commercial car manufacturing.
This document provides an overview of turbochargers, including:
- A turbocharger uses exhaust gases to drive a turbine which spins a compressor to force more air into the engine, increasing power.
- Early applications included aircraft in the 1930s and production cars in the 1960s.
- Key components are the turbine, compressor, center housing, and wastegate to control pressure. Proper installation is also discussed.
A turbocharger uses the heat energy from exhaust gases to drive a turbine, which spins an air compressor to force more air into the engine. This allows more fuel to be burned, increasing engine power. A turbocharger has a turbine and compressor wheel connected by a shaft. Boost pressure is controlled using a wastegate valve. Turbochargers provide advantages like increased power and fuel efficiency but can experience failures if lubrication is inadequate.
This document presents a project presentation by six students at Seacom Engineering College on the study and demonstration of the principles of a turbocharger. It includes definitions of a turbocharger and supercharger, explanations of why turbochargers are used instead of superchargers, diagrams of key turbocharger components like the turbine, compressor, shaft, and housing. It also covers the Brayton cycle that turbochargers are based on and comparisons of naturally aspirated versus supercharged engine P-V diagrams. Application areas and improvements in turbocharger performance over time are summarized as well.
A turbocharger works by using the waste exhaust gases from the engine to power a turbine wheel, which is connected by a common shaft to a compressor wheel. As the turbine wheel spins faster, it spins the compressor wheel faster, increasing the amount of air the compressor can draw into the engine. This compressed air allows the engine to burn more fuel, increasing power. The turbocharger is lubricated by engine oil which cools and lubricates the bearings and seals that allow the turbine and compressor wheels to spin at high speeds.
This document discusses the design and workings of turbochargers. It describes how a turbocharger uses exhaust gases to power a turbine, which spins a shaft connected to the compressor to force more air into the engine. This allows more fuel to be burned, increasing an engine's power without increasing its size. Specific parts of the turbocharger like the turbine, compressor, and wastegate are detailed. An example of an SJ44 turbocharger is provided along with efficiency calculations and references.
This document discusses the technology and operation of turbochargers. It describes the key parts of a turbocharger including the turbine, compressor, and bearing system. It explains how a turbocharger works by using the engine's exhaust gases to drive a turbine which spins a compressor to force more air into the engine, allowing for more power. It covers turbocharger sizing and response time, boost control methods like wastegates, potential failures, and the effects on engine performance and emissions.
this is the ppt on 2 stroke and 4 stroke petrol engine. . i made this ppt with the help of dhrumil patel .who is in the L.D. college of engineering in chemical department. . i am very thankful to him for being my great partner. . .thanx dhrumil..
2. QUE ÉS UNA TORTUGA Les tortugues són rèptils caracteritzats pel fet de tenir un tronc ample i curt , protegit per una closca.
3. ALIMENTACIÓ Es tracta de rèptils purament herbívors. Els exemplars salvatges viuen en un hàbitat que es caracteritza per llargs períodes de sequera que els obliga a alimentar-se d'herbes seques. En aquests casos, complementen la seva dieta menjant-se artròpodes o cargols; aquests últims se'ls mengen pel calci que porta la closca. A vegades també mengen excrements o petits trossos de carronya. El seu aliment és principalment vegetarià encara que la complementa amb certs invertebrats ocasionalment. Segons estudis de CARAPAX la seva alimentació es basa en més de 60 espècies herbàcies diferents, i es compon d'una alta proporció de fibra i calci i una baixa proporció de proteïna.
4. REPRODUCIÓ Són animals de gran longevitat, i se'n coneixen molts exemplars centenaris. Arriben a la maduresa sexual quan tenen aproximadament deu anys, els mascles abans que les femelles.Tenen un cap .Són ovípars que ponen els ous en forats excavats al sòl per la femella amb les potes del darrera.
5. ELS SENTITS Les tortugues tenen una vista excel·lent: saben distingir formes i colors i fins i tot poden reconèixer persones. Tenen un sentit de l'orientació molt precís; si se les mou uns centenars de metres del territori al qual pertanyen hi tornen en poc temps.
6. HIBERNACIÓ A la tardor, amb la baixada de les temperatures, els rèptils deixen d'alimentar-se durant fins a vint dies per poder buidar completament l'intestí de restes de menjar. Es van tornant més apàtics i, al novembre o desembre, segons la latitud, comencen a enterrar-se o refugiar-se en llocs protegits i cauen en un estat d'hibernació. La temperatura ideal per la hibernació és de 5°C. Temperatures inferiors a 2°C provoquen danys cerebrals o la mort, mentre que si són superiors a 10°C porten la tortuga a un estat de subhibernació, perillós ja que l'animal consumeix més ràpidament les reserves de greix que li han de durar tot l'hivern