This document is a learner's module for grade 8 Araling Panlipunan (AP) in the K to 12 Basic Education Program. It covers three key topics: 1) the geography of the Philippines including its location, landforms, climate, and natural resources; 2) the structure and functions of the Philippine government; and 3) the rights and responsibilities of Filipino citizens. The module provides lessons, activities, and assessment tools for students to understand these important concepts in Philippine history and civic education.