This document discusses political culture and its role in different types of governments. It begins by summarizing Almond and Verba's classic study of political culture, which identified three types: parochial, subject, and participant. They argued democracy is most stable with a mix of these cultures, called a "civic culture." More recent research has found declines in political trust in established democracies. New democracies have weaker political cultures providing less support to new systems of government. Authoritarian governments either ignore political culture, manipulate existing cultures, or try to transform cultures to gain legitimacy.
The document discusses decentralization in organizational structures. Decentralization means assigning authority and responsibility for decision making to lower levels of management. This allows for quicker decisions and better communication. An example given is Clarion University's student newspaper advertising services. Advantages of decentralization include reducing the burden on top executives, quicker decisions, growth and diversification, better communication, and developing executive skills.
This presentation contents the history and basics of adobe flash which was presented by Rafiqul Islam at tasawr weekly learning session for Bangladesh Team
Federalism is a system of government where power is shared between a central authority and constituent political units. Key features include multiple levels of government that govern the same citizens but have distinct areas of jurisdiction, clearly defined revenue sources for each level, and a constitutionally guaranteed division of authority that can only be amended by consent of both levels of government. India has a federal system with legislative powers divided between the central and state governments across three lists: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. Decentralization further devolves power to local authorities.
This document discusses political culture and its role in different types of governments. It begins by summarizing Almond and Verba's classic study of political culture, which identified three types: parochial, subject, and participant. They argued democracy is most stable with a mix of these cultures, called a "civic culture." More recent research has found declines in political trust in established democracies. New democracies have weaker political cultures providing less support to new systems of government. Authoritarian governments either ignore political culture, manipulate existing cultures, or try to transform cultures to gain legitimacy.
The document discusses decentralization in organizational structures. Decentralization means assigning authority and responsibility for decision making to lower levels of management. This allows for quicker decisions and better communication. An example given is Clarion University's student newspaper advertising services. Advantages of decentralization include reducing the burden on top executives, quicker decisions, growth and diversification, better communication, and developing executive skills.
This presentation contents the history and basics of adobe flash which was presented by Rafiqul Islam at tasawr weekly learning session for Bangladesh Team
Federalism is a system of government where power is shared between a central authority and constituent political units. Key features include multiple levels of government that govern the same citizens but have distinct areas of jurisdiction, clearly defined revenue sources for each level, and a constitutionally guaranteed division of authority that can only be amended by consent of both levels of government. India has a federal system with legislative powers divided between the central and state governments across three lists: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. Decentralization further devolves power to local authorities.