Jsjkslsln sjkskwk

1. Juvenile delinquency
Story of Destroyed Future

2. Content
ConceptofJuvénile Délinquency.
Characteristics.
Classification
Types
Causes
Preventive Measures
OverView ofJ.J.Act-2000

3. ConceptofJuvénile Délinquency.
Juvenile:-
• As per J. J. Act 2000, “a person (male or female)
who has not completed eighteen year of age”.
N.B:- The juvenile age also varies:-
• In Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra,
Punjab, and Madhya Pradesh it is 16 year.
• In west Bengal, odisha it is 18 years.
• In Bihar, Rajasthan, Asham, Karnataka it is 16 year
for boys and 18 year for girls.
Delinquency:-
As per J. J. Act – it is known as “conflict with law”.
(It is a kind of activities which are undesirable by the
society as well as these activities are not allowed
under jurisdiction of the law.)

4. The activities:-
• Cause damage to government and private
property.
• Conducting harmful activity which becomes
a threat to socio- economic life of the
people.
• Disrespecting dignity and worth of others.
• Creating huddle in mass development.
• Patty theft.
• Engaged in sex business.
• Addiction to drugs.
• Engaged in Gambling .
• Working as messenger to antisocial People.

5. Definition
According to juvenile justice act (2000):-
Juvenile delinquency can be defined as
“a juvenile who has been found to commit any
offence (activity considered as illegal as per
the law), and not attended the age of 16 for
boys and 18 for girls (the age is subjected to
change as per the state rule) and the
committed crime is proved by the law and
necessary action taken in this regard.”

6. Definition
According to Friedlander:-
“When a juvenile committed any misconduct that might dealt
under the legal system and it is proved, then that child is
consideredasjuvenile delinquency”.
N.B
The term “juvenile delinquency” is replaced
under J. J. Act 2000 as “juvenile in
conflict with law”

7. The juvenile delinquency rate is much higher among boys in comparison
to girls.
As per crime report India:-
Characteristics
year J. Delinquency No. of boys No. of girls
1959 47,925 45,782 2,143
1960 49,276 46,873 2,383
1962 53,803 51,227 2,576
1964 66,158 63,468 2,690

8. • A majority number of juvenile are facing this acute problem.
• Delinquency rate tend to be highest during early adolescence
(12 to 16 years of age group).
• Juvenile delinquency is more in urban than a rural
phenomenon.
• Low educational background is the prime attribute for
delinquency.
• Example-
• In 1994, as per one study out of the total number of
delinquency:-
• a) 29.9% - illiterate
• b) 43.6% - primary level of education
• c) 21% - middle and secondary pass
• d) 5.5% -studied up to high school.
Characteristics

9. • Poor economic background is another important characteristic of juvenile
delinquency in India.
• Example- As per the study:- out of the total number of delinquents:-
• 54.1% - family with an income of less than Rs. 5000/- per month.
• 28.7% - income group : Rs. 501/- to Rs. 1000/-
• 11.6% - income group : Rs. 1,001/- to Rs. 2,001/-
• 3.6% - income group : Rs. 2,001/- to Rs. 3.000/-
• Majority of juvenile delinquents were first time offenders.
Ex- 88.4% first timers.
• In India not many delinquents are committed in groups.
• In India juvenile gangs are not found.
• In India juvenile gangs are not supported by adult offenders or criminals.
Characteristics

10. Behavioural Definition

11. The juvenile delinquents were
classified on the
basis of offence they committed,by
Hirsh –(1937).
• Incorrigibility.
• Truancy.
• Larceny.
• Destruction of property.
• Violence.
Classification

12. Incorrigibility:-It means disobeying order of the
parents, at the same time keeping late hours on to
the house in a regular basis, without any reasons.
Truancy:-It means staying away from the school
without the knowledge of teachers and parents as
well as not informing on giving a valuable reason of
absence.
Main reasons.
• Fear of class or teacher.
• Heavy punishment system.
• Bad companionship.
• Freedom of playing.
• Lack of conducive environment in schools.
• Fear of exam.
• Inability to cope with stress.
Classification

13. Larceny:-It means habit of petty theft in a regular basis which leads
to juvenile delinquency in latter stage.
Destruction of property:- It means knowingly destroying any
public property (throwing stone to street light, snatching public
goods) or private property without any valid reason.
Violence:- it means threatening somebody either in public places
or in house by using weapons, blank phone cells, letters etc…
Sex offenders:- maintaining regular illegal sexual relationship
which range from homosexuality to rape.
Other kind of juvenile delinquency under J.J.Act
• Addition to “alcohol and drugs”.
• Causing any “physical harm” to classmates.
• Selling or distributing “pornographic” materials, CD, VCD etc…
• Watching “pornographic” films.
• Involving in preparation of bomb or crackers.
• Gambling, card playing etc…
Classification

14. The juvenile delinquency exhibits a variety of the style for conducting
delinquency activities.
According to Haward becker (1966) has referred four types of delinquency
types of like:-
• Individual delinquency.
• Group supported delinquency.
• Organized delinquency.
• Situational delinquency.
Individual delinquency:- This refers to delinquency in which only one
individual is involved in committing a delinquent act and the cause is
located within individual, where the main cause is psychological
problems.
Group supported:- this type of delinquency is mainly committed in
companionship and the main cause is – culture of individual home,
neighborhood, community environment.
Organized delinquency:- According to cohen, “the juvenile delinquents
Types of juvenile delinquency:-

15. • Defiance (open disobedience).
• Hostility (very arrogant).
• Fear.
• Feeling of insecurity.
• Lack of self control.
• Emotional conflicts.
• Very submissive (very obedient to any
order).
Causes :Individual psychological factors

16.  Broken homes: 1. Divorce 2. Death 3. Ego clash
 Lack of discipline among parents.
 Lack of affection towards the children.
 Unsatisfactory parents child relationship.
 Improper attention to the needs of the children.
 Regular scolding to the child for simple mistakes.
 Not giving proper attention to the child’s emotion.
 Lack of cohesiveness in the family (emotional tie).
 Unsatisfactory conjugal relationship.
 Ill management of household responsibility.
 Impact of neighborhood.
 Impact of community.
 Regular domestic violence in front of the children.
Situational factors: Family:-

17. • Lack of adjustment with schoolmates.
• Failure in classes.
• Severe punishment.
• Lack of recreational facilities.
• Lack of infrastructural facilities.
• Bad companionship.
• Lack of attention from the teachers.
• Location of the school near to the market
place.
• Over crowdedness of the school.
• Discriminating attitude of the teachers.
SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT:-

18. • Poverty.
• High cost of living of the urban area.
• Traditional occupation.
• Unemployment.
• Easy way to earn money.
• Watching movies and learning various
techniques.
• Pictures showing immorality.
• Use of children in movies who engaged in illegal
activities.
• Immoral shows (WWF).
Economic & Movies:-

19. •
“Prevention”- taking necessary steps
for protecting, Prevention and
elimination of juvenile delinquency.
The prevention broadly divided in to 3
types –
• Legal preventive measures:
juvenile justice act.
• Institutional preventive measures:
Prevention of juvenile delinquency

20. Juvenile
committing
any offence
Caught by local
police
Send to Court
within 24
hours
Juvenile court/
juvenile justice
committee
Juvenile
sent to
Remand
Home Appointment of
probation officer
under juvenile justice
committee
Probation officer
will prepare report
within 21 to 53
days
Report will be
verified by J. J.
Committee

22. This measures or institutions are prescribed
under J.J. Act,2000 for preventing juvenile
delinquency. They are as follows:-
• Provision of special court especially for
juvenile cases known as “juvenile court.”
• Remand homes/ observation homes.
• Certified reformatory schools.
• Brostal homes.
• Probation hostels or homes.
• Foster homes.
Institutional preventive measures:-

23. According to juvenile justice act:-
The juveniles should not be treated as like as criminals. Thus a
“special court” will be made for addressing the juvenile
problems. The main features of juvenile court:-
• There should be separate appointment of separate judge,
advocate and special police for detention of juvenile cases.
• The authority must have special qualification regarding child
psychology and child care.
• The juvenile court is completely different from normal court
where the official are not in their own uniforms and outsiders
are not allowed inside the court.
• The juvenile is given optimum opportunity to speak about his
Special court

24. • These homes are meant for children during the
trial of the court under the supervision of
probation officer.
• The probation officer mainly focuses on the
following things:-
• Behavior of juvenile.
• Day today activities.
• Discipline.
• Recreational facilities should be provided.
• Mental ability.
Remand or observation home

25. • T he concept of Brostal Home was started in the year
1920.
• The capacity of each Borstal Home is 100 to 350
inmates.
• The administration of Brostal Schools comes directly
under the jurisdiction of the state government.
• This home are mostly meant for the juveniles, who are
already being considered as Delinquent and having
imprisonment of less than three years.
• In this school various kinds of vocational training with
formal education were provided.
Brostal Homes:-

26. Superintendent of
Police
Deputy Superintend of
Police
Superintendent
of Jail
Deputy Superintendent
of Jail
Jailer
20
Sweepers
2 Doctor Assistant
Jailer
10 to 15
Female

27. • These homes are mainly meant for the juvenile
who are under the age of 10 years.
• These schools are not located in all parts of
India, rather it is mostly found on UP and Bihar.
• In this school mostly the formal education are
provided to the children.
• In this school only the female social workers are
appointed.
• The children belong to this home mostly given
education on yoga, physical education,
behavior modification, training etc…
Foster homes:-

28. These schools are mainly meant for the juveniles whose case is
already being finalized and considered as juvenile delinquent.
• In this school juvenile stays for 3 to 7 tears.
• These schools are mainly run by prison department under
direct supervision of central government.
• Each school consists of 80 to 100 capacities and the total
school is divided into 4 to 5 shells.
• In this kind of schools different kinds of vocational training are
provided like tailoring, toy-making, vehicle repairing,
manufacturing leather goods and agricultural as well as basic
normal education with certificate.
• The vocational training is provided for two years then after that
they get for their work.
Certified or reformatory schools:-

29. Superintendent
Deputy
Superintendent
Deputy jailor
Assistant jailor
2 to 3 Training
Teachers
2 Doctors 3 to 4
Instructors

30. • These homes are mostly meant for some
selected juveniles borrowed from certified
schools or brostal schools after one year
of imprisonment.
• These juveniles put under the direct
supervision of the probation officer and it
is the responsibility of the probation officer
to prepare a report on him/her.
• The report will be prepared within
minimum of 35 days to 3 month and it will
be submitted to juvenile court. Thus based
Probation hostel:-

31. • Organizing activities that contribute to healthy
personality development and adjustment among the
children.
• Controlling environment of children contributing to
delinquency.
• Providing job opportunities to BPL families.
• Improving marital relationship in the family.
• Protecting the child from bad companionship.
• Making school education interesting which will create
interest among the students.
• Alcoholism and drug addiction at community level
must be prohibited.
General preventive measures:-

33. …