The document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance for teachers on how to award marks to exam answers. It explains the requirements and structure of the exam, and shows how examiners were instructed to award marks for different parts of student responses. For each question, it provides details on what students needed to include in their answers to receive marks.
This document provides a mark scheme for the May/June 2008 GCE Advanced Level computing exam. It outlines the requirements for examiners in awarding marks to exam answers. Examiners are instructed to award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' responses, even if their answers or approaches are unexpected. The mark scheme is intended as guidance for examiners and candidates, and indicates the basis on which examiners were instructed to award marks for the exam.
This document provides the mark scheme for the May/June 2006 question paper for the GCE Advanced/Advanced Subsidiary Level Computing examination. It shows the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers and serves as guidance for examiners. The mark scheme indicates the number of marks that can be awarded for different parts of answers. It also provides examples of what examiners are looking for in answers to receive marks. The minimum marks required for different grades were previously published but are now included in the exam report instead of the mark scheme. CIE will not enter into discussion about the mark scheme.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. It addresses 10 questions related to computing topics and provides examples of responses that would earn marks. For each question, it lists the key points or ideas that should be included in an answer to receive marks. The document emphasizes that examiners should award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' responses, even if their answers include unexpected approaches.
The document contains information about a mark scheme for the June 2005 GCE Advanced Level Computing exam, including:
- The mark scheme provides guidance for examiners on how to award marks consistently based on the exam questions.
- Grade thresholds are provided, showing the minimum marks required to achieve each grade (A, B, C, D, E).
- CIE will not enter into discussions about the mark schemes.
- The mark scheme must be read along with the exam question papers and report.
This document is a mark scheme that provides guidance for teachers marking a computing exam. It explains that the mark scheme indicates how examiners were instructed to award marks, but does not discuss the examiners' meeting. CIE will not enter discussions about the mark scheme. The mark scheme then provides detailed answers and explanations of marks for multiple questions on topics like compilers, sorting algorithms, computer architecture, and data definition.
This document provides a marking scheme for a computing exam with a maximum mark of 90. It summarizes the key points assessors should look for in student responses to various questions about computing topics like operating systems, real-time vs online systems, networks, programming errors, data structures, computer hardware, data transmission, security, database design, and information systems. The marking scheme breaks down the essential information needed for each question and awards marks for students including these details in their answers.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with 12 questions and subquestions. It provides the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers, including alternative correct answers. The minimum marks for letter grades were previously published but are now in the exam report. CIE will not discuss the mark schemes. CIE is publishing mark schemes for most November 2005 exams to aid teaching and learning.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam. It outlines the requirements examiners used to award marks and shows sample answers for questions that may have appeared on the exam. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply marks consistently and take into account alternative answers. It also establishes the minimum marks required to achieve different grades.
This document provides a mark scheme for the May/June 2008 GCE Advanced Level computing exam. It outlines the requirements for examiners in awarding marks to exam answers. Examiners are instructed to award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' responses, even if their answers or approaches are unexpected. The mark scheme is intended as guidance for examiners and candidates, and indicates the basis on which examiners were instructed to award marks for the exam.
This document provides the mark scheme for the May/June 2006 question paper for the GCE Advanced/Advanced Subsidiary Level Computing examination. It shows the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers and serves as guidance for examiners. The mark scheme indicates the number of marks that can be awarded for different parts of answers. It also provides examples of what examiners are looking for in answers to receive marks. The minimum marks required for different grades were previously published but are now included in the exam report instead of the mark scheme. CIE will not enter into discussion about the mark scheme.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. It addresses 10 questions related to computing topics and provides examples of responses that would earn marks. For each question, it lists the key points or ideas that should be included in an answer to receive marks. The document emphasizes that examiners should award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' responses, even if their answers include unexpected approaches.
The document contains information about a mark scheme for the June 2005 GCE Advanced Level Computing exam, including:
- The mark scheme provides guidance for examiners on how to award marks consistently based on the exam questions.
- Grade thresholds are provided, showing the minimum marks required to achieve each grade (A, B, C, D, E).
- CIE will not enter into discussions about the mark schemes.
- The mark scheme must be read along with the exam question papers and report.
This document is a mark scheme that provides guidance for teachers marking a computing exam. It explains that the mark scheme indicates how examiners were instructed to award marks, but does not discuss the examiners' meeting. CIE will not enter discussions about the mark scheme. The mark scheme then provides detailed answers and explanations of marks for multiple questions on topics like compilers, sorting algorithms, computer architecture, and data definition.
This document provides a marking scheme for a computing exam with a maximum mark of 90. It summarizes the key points assessors should look for in student responses to various questions about computing topics like operating systems, real-time vs online systems, networks, programming errors, data structures, computer hardware, data transmission, security, database design, and information systems. The marking scheme breaks down the essential information needed for each question and awards marks for students including these details in their answers.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with 12 questions and subquestions. It provides the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers, including alternative correct answers. The minimum marks for letter grades were previously published but are now in the exam report. CIE will not discuss the mark schemes. CIE is publishing mark schemes for most November 2005 exams to aid teaching and learning.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam. It outlines the requirements examiners used to award marks and shows sample answers for questions that may have appeared on the exam. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply marks consistently and take into account alternative answers. It also establishes the minimum marks required to achieve different grades.
This document provides the mark scheme for the November 2003 GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level Computing exam. It outlines the maximum marks for each paper: Paper 1 is out of 90 marks, Paper 2 is out of 60 marks, and Paper 3 is out of 90 marks. The mark scheme is published to help teachers and students understand how marks were awarded by examiners for the questions.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge International Examinations. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers on the exam paper, including:
- Requiring alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches to be given marks.
- Instructions to read the mark scheme along with the exam questions and exam report.
- Information on minimum marks needed for different grades was previously published but is now in the exam report.
- CIE will not enter discussion about the mark schemes.
This document provides a mark scheme to guide teachers in marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for awarding marks to exam answers. The mark scheme is intended to indicate the basis on which examiners will award marks and to help ensure marking is consistent. However, it does not provide details of examiner discussions and alternative answers may be acceptable. CIE will not enter discussions about the mark scheme.
The document contains mark schemes for computing exams from the University of Cambridge International Examinations in June 2004. It provides the requirements for examiners to award marks for questions across four papers. It establishes minimum marks required for different grades and notes that examiners should award marks based on alternative correct answers or unexpected approaches from candidates.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam with 7 questions. It outlines the requirements and expectations for answering each question and awards marks based on key points addressed. Examiners are instructed to give marks that fairly reflect the knowledge demonstrated in candidates' responses, even for unexpected answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the rubric consistently and to be read along with the exam questions and examiner report.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that took place in June 2005. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. The mark scheme indicates the key points examiners should look for in responses to earn marks. It also provides examples of acceptable answers and the number of marks each answer is worth. The document establishes a consistent standard for examiners to use when assessing answers.
Ultra-scalable Architectures for Telecommunications and Web 2.0 ServicesMauricio Arango
This document discusses how telecommunications and web services are adopting horizontal scaling and parallel architectures to handle enormous growth. It describes how event-driven applications are well-suited for parallelism and how middleware like tuple spaces, message queues, and publish/subscribe systems provide coordination and scalability. Finally, it argues that horizontal scalability requires parallel designs from the start and that simple middleware models with distributed caching can effectively support both communication and data management needs.
This document provides an overview of implementing high availability in Exchange Server. It covers configuring highly available mailbox databases using database availability groups (DAGs), deploying highly available client access and hub transport servers, and implementing site resilience across multiple locations. Key topics include DAG components like continuous replication and the active manager, monitoring and managing DAG health, and the switchover process during a failure. The document also includes a lab scenario for hands-on practice configuring a DAG and other highly available server roles.
Analysis of Multicore Performance Degradation of Scientific ApplicationsJames McGalliard
This document analyzes performance degradation of scientific applications on multi-core systems. It summarizes benchmark results from dual-core and quad-core systems running Department of Defense applications. The tests show a runtime performance penalty for multi-core runs compared to single-core runs on the same systems. This is attributed to contention for memory bandwidth between cores, as shown by synthetic memory benchmark results, consistent with reported studies. The document outlines the benchmark systems used, prior study findings on multi-core performance issues, and analysis of application and memory benchmark results on the multi-core systems.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge. It provides guidance for teachers on how to award marks to exam answers. The mark scheme shows the requirements for earning marks and serves as an aid, but does not indicate all possible acceptable answers. Mark schemes must be read along with the exam question papers and exam report. The Cambridge International Examinations board will not discuss or comment on the mark schemes.
This document is a mark scheme that provides guidance for teachers marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for awarding marks to exam answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure marking is consistent and helps teachers understand what constitutes acceptable answers. It also indicates the level of detail or number of points expected in responses. However, the mark scheme does not provide the only acceptable answers or limit discussion among examiners during marking.
This document evaluates different multi-class classification methods using binary SVMs. It compares the 1-vs-1, 1-vs-many, and ECOC methods on various datasets from UCI and KDD. Experiments were run using SVMLight and results show accuracy and runtime for each method. The document outlines the objectives, implementation details, datasets used, and experimental results.
The document provides an overview of the architecture of the gLite data management system. It discusses the challenges of data management in grids, including heterogeneity, distribution and data description. It defines key concepts like the Storage Element, File Catalogue and Storage Resource Manager interface. It also covers file naming conventions, the different types of Storage Elements, and commands to interact with the file catalogue and manage data replication.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam with questions on systems analysis, algorithms, data storage, data transmission, and advantages/disadvantages of teleworking. It outlines the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers and serves as an aid for teachers and students.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to teachers on how to award marks for students' answers. It indicates the key points examiners were looking for in responses to each question on the exam paper and shows the number of marks available for different aspects of possible answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the standards consistently and to inform teachers and students about the exam requirements.
The document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. It indicates that examiners should award marks for alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches. It also notes that examiners should read the mark scheme along with the question paper and exam report. The mark scheme then provides detailed guidelines on how many marks to award for different parts of potential answers.
This document is the mark scheme for the May/June 2007 Cambridge International Examinations paper for Computing. It provides guidance for examiners on how to award marks for answers on the paper. The mark scheme explains that examiners should give credit for alternative answers and unexpected approaches as long as they demonstrate the relevant knowledge. It also notes that the mark scheme should be read along with the question paper and exam report.
This mark scheme provides guidance for teachers examining a GCE Advanced Level Computing paper. It shows how examiners were instructed to award marks for different questions and parts of the exam. The mark scheme also indicates the key requirements and concepts examiners were looking for in students' answers. However, it does not provide details of all acceptable responses or discussions examiners may have had when determining marks. CIE will not enter into further discussions about the mark scheme.
This mark scheme summarizes the marking criteria for the October/November 2007 GCE Advanced Level computing exam. It provides guidance to examiners on how to fairly award marks to exam answers. The mark scheme explains that examiners should consider alternative correct answers and award marks based on the knowledge and skills demonstrated. It also notes that examiners must refer to the question papers and exam report when marking.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge International Examinations. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers on the exam. It shows the requirements and expectations for scoring responses. Examiners are instructed to award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' answers, even if their approaches are unexpected. The mark scheme is intended to be read along with the exam question paper and exam report.
This document provides a mark scheme to guide teachers in marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for answering each question. For each question, it lists the key points that students should include in their answers to receive marks. It also provides examples of possible student responses. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the marking criteria consistently and consider answers fairly. It does not list all possible correct responses but rather shows the level of detail or type of answer expected to merit marks.
This document provides the mark scheme for the November 2003 GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level Computing exam. It outlines the maximum marks for each paper: Paper 1 is out of 90 marks, Paper 2 is out of 60 marks, and Paper 3 is out of 90 marks. The mark scheme is published to help teachers and students understand how marks were awarded by examiners for the questions.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge International Examinations. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers on the exam paper, including:
- Requiring alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches to be given marks.
- Instructions to read the mark scheme along with the exam questions and exam report.
- Information on minimum marks needed for different grades was previously published but is now in the exam report.
- CIE will not enter discussion about the mark schemes.
This document provides a mark scheme to guide teachers in marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for awarding marks to exam answers. The mark scheme is intended to indicate the basis on which examiners will award marks and to help ensure marking is consistent. However, it does not provide details of examiner discussions and alternative answers may be acceptable. CIE will not enter discussions about the mark scheme.
The document contains mark schemes for computing exams from the University of Cambridge International Examinations in June 2004. It provides the requirements for examiners to award marks for questions across four papers. It establishes minimum marks required for different grades and notes that examiners should award marks based on alternative correct answers or unexpected approaches from candidates.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam with 7 questions. It outlines the requirements and expectations for answering each question and awards marks based on key points addressed. Examiners are instructed to give marks that fairly reflect the knowledge demonstrated in candidates' responses, even for unexpected answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the rubric consistently and to be read along with the exam questions and examiner report.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that took place in June 2005. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. The mark scheme indicates the key points examiners should look for in responses to earn marks. It also provides examples of acceptable answers and the number of marks each answer is worth. The document establishes a consistent standard for examiners to use when assessing answers.
Ultra-scalable Architectures for Telecommunications and Web 2.0 ServicesMauricio Arango
This document discusses how telecommunications and web services are adopting horizontal scaling and parallel architectures to handle enormous growth. It describes how event-driven applications are well-suited for parallelism and how middleware like tuple spaces, message queues, and publish/subscribe systems provide coordination and scalability. Finally, it argues that horizontal scalability requires parallel designs from the start and that simple middleware models with distributed caching can effectively support both communication and data management needs.
This document provides an overview of implementing high availability in Exchange Server. It covers configuring highly available mailbox databases using database availability groups (DAGs), deploying highly available client access and hub transport servers, and implementing site resilience across multiple locations. Key topics include DAG components like continuous replication and the active manager, monitoring and managing DAG health, and the switchover process during a failure. The document also includes a lab scenario for hands-on practice configuring a DAG and other highly available server roles.
Analysis of Multicore Performance Degradation of Scientific ApplicationsJames McGalliard
This document analyzes performance degradation of scientific applications on multi-core systems. It summarizes benchmark results from dual-core and quad-core systems running Department of Defense applications. The tests show a runtime performance penalty for multi-core runs compared to single-core runs on the same systems. This is attributed to contention for memory bandwidth between cores, as shown by synthetic memory benchmark results, consistent with reported studies. The document outlines the benchmark systems used, prior study findings on multi-core performance issues, and analysis of application and memory benchmark results on the multi-core systems.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge. It provides guidance for teachers on how to award marks to exam answers. The mark scheme shows the requirements for earning marks and serves as an aid, but does not indicate all possible acceptable answers. Mark schemes must be read along with the exam question papers and exam report. The Cambridge International Examinations board will not discuss or comment on the mark schemes.
This document is a mark scheme that provides guidance for teachers marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for awarding marks to exam answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure marking is consistent and helps teachers understand what constitutes acceptable answers. It also indicates the level of detail or number of points expected in responses. However, the mark scheme does not provide the only acceptable answers or limit discussion among examiners during marking.
This document evaluates different multi-class classification methods using binary SVMs. It compares the 1-vs-1, 1-vs-many, and ECOC methods on various datasets from UCI and KDD. Experiments were run using SVMLight and results show accuracy and runtime for each method. The document outlines the objectives, implementation details, datasets used, and experimental results.
The document provides an overview of the architecture of the gLite data management system. It discusses the challenges of data management in grids, including heterogeneity, distribution and data description. It defines key concepts like the Storage Element, File Catalogue and Storage Resource Manager interface. It also covers file naming conventions, the different types of Storage Elements, and commands to interact with the file catalogue and manage data replication.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam with questions on systems analysis, algorithms, data storage, data transmission, and advantages/disadvantages of teleworking. It outlines the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers and serves as an aid for teachers and students.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to teachers on how to award marks for students' answers. It indicates the key points examiners were looking for in responses to each question on the exam paper and shows the number of marks available for different aspects of possible answers. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the standards consistently and to inform teachers and students about the exam requirements.
The document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers. It indicates that examiners should award marks for alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches. It also notes that examiners should read the mark scheme along with the question paper and exam report. The mark scheme then provides detailed guidelines on how many marks to award for different parts of potential answers.
This document is the mark scheme for the May/June 2007 Cambridge International Examinations paper for Computing. It provides guidance for examiners on how to award marks for answers on the paper. The mark scheme explains that examiners should give credit for alternative answers and unexpected approaches as long as they demonstrate the relevant knowledge. It also notes that the mark scheme should be read along with the question paper and exam report.
This mark scheme provides guidance for teachers examining a GCE Advanced Level Computing paper. It shows how examiners were instructed to award marks for different questions and parts of the exam. The mark scheme also indicates the key requirements and concepts examiners were looking for in students' answers. However, it does not provide details of all acceptable responses or discussions examiners may have had when determining marks. CIE will not enter into further discussions about the mark scheme.
This mark scheme summarizes the marking criteria for the October/November 2007 GCE Advanced Level computing exam. It provides guidance to examiners on how to fairly award marks to exam answers. The mark scheme explains that examiners should consider alternative correct answers and award marks based on the knowledge and skills demonstrated. It also notes that examiners must refer to the question papers and exam report when marking.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam from the University of Cambridge International Examinations. It provides guidance to examiners on how to award marks for answers on the exam. It shows the requirements and expectations for scoring responses. Examiners are instructed to award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated in candidates' answers, even if their approaches are unexpected. The mark scheme is intended to be read along with the exam question paper and exam report.
This document provides a mark scheme to guide teachers in marking a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for answering each question. For each question, it lists the key points that students should include in their answers to receive marks. It also provides examples of possible student responses. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the marking criteria consistently and consider answers fairly. It does not list all possible correct responses but rather shows the level of detail or type of answer expected to merit marks.
This document provides a mark scheme for an exam on computing. It outlines the requirements and expectations for how examiners should award marks to exam answers. It provides detailed answers and explanations for the expected responses for each question on the exam. The mark scheme is intended to ensure examiners apply the standards consistently and fairly when evaluating responses. It also indicates the examiners should consider unexpected but valid answers.
This document provides a mark scheme for a computing exam. It outlines the requirements for teachers to award marks to exam answers. The mark scheme provides examples of possible student responses for multiple choice and short answer questions on topics related to computing, such as hardware, software, databases, and system development. Teachers are to use the mark scheme in conjunction with the exam questions and exam report to consistently and fairly award marks.
This document is a mark scheme for a computing exam that provides guidance for teachers on how examiners will award marks to answers. It shows the requirements for each question, but does not discuss the examiners' meeting. The mark scheme should be read along with the question paper and exam report. CIE will not discuss or comment on the mark schemes.
This document provides a mark scheme to guide teachers in evaluating exam answers for a computing exam. It outlines the requirements and expectations for answering different exam questions. The mark scheme is intended to indicate the basis for how examiners will award marks to answers and show how alternative answers will be considered. Teachers are instructed to read the mark scheme along with the exam question papers and exam report to properly assess student responses.
The document is a mark scheme for a GCE Advanced Level computing exam from November 2004. It provides the requirements for awarding marks on the exam and instructions to examiners. Key points include that alternative correct answers must be awarded marks, mark schemes must be read with the question paper and exam report, and grade thresholds for the exam are provided requiring minimum marks of 60, 54, and 30 for grades A, B, and E respectively. The thresholds for grades C and D are normally calculated by dividing the range between B and E into three parts.
Mark Scheme for May June 2008 Question Paper Computing 9691 Computers ZimbabweAlpro
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with questions on topics like hardware, software, algorithms, data structures, networks, and systems development. It provides the key points examiners would look for in awarding marks to answers. Alternative correct answers must be given marks reflecting the knowledge demonstrated. CIE will not enter discussions about the mark schemes.
Computing 9691 Mark Scheme for May / June 2007 CambridgeAlpro
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with multiple questions and subsections. It provides the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers, including acceptable responses and explanations. Alternative correct answers must be awarded marks proportionate to the knowledge and skills demonstrated. The mark scheme is intended as an aid for teachers and students to understand exam requirements.
Computing 9691 Mark Scheme for May / June 2007 Cambridge Paper 1Alpro
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with multiple questions and subsections. It provides the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers, including acceptable responses and explanations. Alternative correct answers must be awarded marks proportionate to the knowledge and skills demonstrated. The mark scheme is intended as an aid for teachers and students to understand exam requirements and scoring.
This document provides a mark scheme for the May/June 2008 GCE Advanced Level Computing paper. It outlines the requirements for awarding marks to exam answers and serves as guidance for examiners. The mark scheme provides detailed explanations for how marks should be awarded for each question on the exam. It also notes that examiners should give credit for alternative correct solutions and unexpected approaches from candidates.
This document contains a mark scheme for a computing exam with the following key points:
1. It provides the requirements for examiners to award marks consistently based on the discussions prior to marking.
2. Examiners are instructed to award marks that fairly reflect the knowledge and skills demonstrated, even for unexpected answers.
3. The mark scheme must be read along with the exam questions and exam report to fully understand how marks were awarded.
4. Examples of grade thresholds are given, such as the minimum mark required for an A being 60 out of 90.
This document contains a password and instructions stating that the password provided is the one typed during installation. It repeats the password and instructions twice with additional numbers that do not provide further context.
This document appears to be a lab sheet containing measurements of an unknown quantity (QU) taken multiple times. The document lists measurements of the unknown quantity taken at intervals, with the numbers increasing from 2 to 11 for each successive measurement.
This very short document contains a series of numbers and letters with no other context. It lists the characters "QU" followed by the numbers 1 through 9. No other meaning or purpose is evident from the limited information provided.
No document was provided to summarize. A summary requires source text to extract the key points and essential information from. Without a document, it is not possible to generate an accurate 3 sentence summary.
Emotional intelligence was first defined scientifically in 1990 by Mayer and Salovey, building on prior concepts. Goleman later proposed it involves five traits that determine one's EQ. Emotional intelligence involves self and social awareness and management. It is debated whether EQ can be accurately measured, though tests do exist to assess specific skills or provide an overall assessment. While EQ may help predict some life outcomes, it does not determine success on its own, and high IQ individuals like Einstein had low EQ without hindrance. EQ is significant for social and workplace interactions but is not a sole predictor of life outcomes and has limitations as a concept.
This document discusses databases and the evolution from flat files to relational databases. It covers:
1) The limitations of flat files including data duplication, separation of data across files, fixed queries, and proliferation of application programs.
2) The introduction of hierarchical and network databases to try to overcome limitations but these still led to inconsistent and redundant data.
3) An introduction to relational databases which overcome limitations by allowing each record to be of fixed length and each field to contain a single data item. This addresses issues with variable length records in previous approaches.
The document discusses the functions and purposes of translators in computing. It describes:
1) Interpreters and compilers translate programs from high-level languages to machine code. Compilers translate the entire program at once, while interpreters translate instructions one at a time as the program runs.
2) Translation from high-level languages to machine code involves multiple stages including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, code generation, and optimization.
3) Linkers and loaders are used to combine separately compiled modules into a complete executable program by resolving addresses and linking the modules together.
This document discusses common network environments, connectivity, and security issues. It describes how LANs and WANs are organized using different topologies and transmission mediums. It then explains key network components like switches, routers, bridges, and modems - how they connect different types of networks and segments. Finally, it discusses common network environments like the Internet, intranets, and extranets as well as technologies that enable them such as hypertext links, URLs, domain names, and HTML.
The operating system must manage hardware resources, provide an interface between users/software and hardware, and provide services like data security. It schedules programs to make best use of the processor when programs are performing input/output tasks. It uses interrupts to change the normal order of program execution in response to events like I/O device signals. Scheduling aims to maximize system usage, be fair to all programs, and prioritize more important programs when needed.
The document discusses computer architecture and the fetch-execute cycle. It describes the Von Neumann architecture, which uses a single processor that follows a linear sequence of fetching, decoding, and executing instructions. It then explains the fetch-execute cycle in more detail with the steps involved. Finally, it discusses parallel processor systems that can split up the fetching, decoding, and executing stages to improve efficiency.
The document discusses techniques for developing computer systems, including structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM) and data flow diagrams (DFDs). It provides details on the stages of SSADM and the symbols and steps used to develop DFDs. An example of a hotel reservation and payment system is presented as a DFD to illustrate the technique. Project management is also discussed, with an example of building a bungalow broken down into tasks, durations, and dependencies shown in a graph.
The document discusses different ways of representing numerical data in computing systems, including:
1) Binary representation, which converts decimal numbers to binary by repeatedly dividing by column headings and tracking the remainders as 1s and 0s.
2) Negative numbers can be represented using sign-and-magnitude or two's complement methods.
3) Other number systems like octal and hexadecimal are also discussed which use different column headings but the same representation principles.
4) Floating point representation separates a real number into a mantissa and exponent to store fractional numbers more efficiently in binary.
The document discusses how data and databases are valuable to organizations. It provides examples of how stock control systems and sales data can be used to automatically reorder stock. Banks also find customer data valuable for assessing loan risks. Modern communication allows sharing of data worldwide through value added network services and databases. Standards are needed for sharing data accurately between different systems. Computers now aid various forms of communication like voice mail, e-commerce, and video conferencing. The internet allows global communication and advertising. IT training must be continually updated as technology changes, which is altering many work patterns and jobs.
This document discusses different programming paradigms including procedural, object-oriented, and declarative paradigms. It provides examples of code using these paradigms. Specifically, it shows an assembly language program that adds two numbers, a C++ program that calculates the area of a rectangle, and Prolog queries to retrieve information from a database about people's genders and family relationships. It also discusses how parameters are used to pass values to functions in Visual Basic.
This document discusses real-time systems and simulation. It defines a real-time system as one that can react quickly enough to input data to affect the real world. Real-time applications include airline booking systems and nuclear reactor controls. Sensors measure physical quantities and transmit data to processors, while actuators accept signals from processors and initiate physical movements. Simulations allow computers to model real-world systems and scenarios through calculations, enabling testing without real-world risks or costs. Simulations have limitations in predicting truly random or complex human events. Parallel processing is needed for simulations involving vast data, complex relationships, and immense calculations.
This document is an exam for an Advanced Subsidiary Level computing exam. It contains 9 questions testing knowledge of topics like memory addressing, data structures, networks, and software development processes. The exam is 2 hours and contains multiple choice, short answer, and longer explanatory questions.
1. UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
GCE Advanced Level
MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2010 question paper
for the guidance of teachers
9691 COMPUTING
9691/33 Paper 33 (Written Paper), maximum raw mark 90
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.
• CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2010 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses.
www.XtremePapers.net