A Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is used to identify hazards and control risks associated with safety-critical tasks. It involves breaking the task down into steps, identifying hazards at each step, assessing risks, and defining controls to reduce risks. Developing a JSA requires identifying those involved in the task, breaking it into steps, identifying hazards and initially assessing risks at each step, defining controls, assessing residual risks, and documenting the analysis. Regular review and update of JSAs is important when conditions change.

1. By Mohamed Saber

2. Content Introduction What is a Job Safety Analysis? Why is a JSA necessary? Who generates and owns A JSA? How to Develop a JSA? When should a JSA be Applied? When should a JSA be reviewed and updated? Changes occur!

3. introduction safety critical tasks have the potential to cause significant level of injury, harm or loss the significant hazards representing medium and high risk Safety critical tasks contain unacceptable levels of risk which need to be managed to levels that are as low as reasonably practicable, often referred to as ALARP Job safety analysis is a powerful tool to manage those risks.

4. What is a Job Safety Analysis? A user- friendly means of identifying hazards and controlling the risks in our activities. JSA is normally A team exercise where a safety critical activity is broken down into a sequence of basic steps each JSA belongs to a “parent”’ process that has been subject to Risk Assessment. JSA steps: Identify associated hazards Assess risk and assign risk level Define actions to eliminate of control the risk Reassess the residual risk Document JSA in standard format

5. What is a Job Safety Analysis? Define job & identify responsible parties Decide risk level Low risk? Start JSA JSA Exist Define Steps Identify significant hazards Assess risk level Define controls to reduce risk Review JSA JSA valid? Risk ALARP? Residual risk Document JSA Submit JSA for approval Approved to proceed NO NO yes NO NO

6. Why is a JSA necessary? We are committed to protecting:- personnel and anyone else who may be affected by our activities Assets Environment Reputation To provide this protection:- We must undertake regular and suitable and sufficient risk assessments of our activities We should identify significant hazards and assess the associated risk Note: Those risk assessments are a requirement of international labor legislation

7. Why is a JSA necessary? We need to prioritize our use of resources and to do so we need to methodically assess levels of risk and decide what is tolerable for our organization. Low priority: Hazards with negligible consequences or negligible likelihood of occurring require no JSA . Med priority: Hazards with catastrophic consequences and low likelihood of occurring or hazards with minor consequences and high likelihood. High priority: Hazards which contain a realistic likelihood of significant injury, harm or loss represent an intolerable level of risk We need to assess these levels of risk separately, estimating both severity and likelihood of the consequences of the significant hazards which are identified.

8. Why is a JSA necessary?

9. Why is a JSA necessary? Small group of personnel will be responsible for generating developing and reviewing the JSA. Personal involved Department chiefs personal involved in the activities (own the JSA) ownership means there is a responsibility to participate in and ensure validity of JSA. Managers HSEQ Department to ensure that JSA is performed for all safety critical tasks under their area of supervision to ensure that only the current version of a JSA exists onboard to approve the JSA document after generation or after review

10. Why is a JSA necessary? Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Click in boxes to know more Example

11. Why is a JSA necessary? The Development of a Job Safety analysis requires a frame for the activity or task. We need to address what we required to achieve Personal required Resources at our disposal Tools Small boats Winches, JSA Etc Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Example

12. Why is a JSA necessary? Break down the tasks into steps composing the activity, starting with preparation and ending in secure completion. Each step should be a concise instruction starting with a verb and ending with a noun. The explanatory details of the steps will be described in the defined actions and controls of the JSA Such Identification of the individual steps will maintain focus on hazards, assessment of risk and provide the basis for a clear instruction. Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Example

13. Why is a JSA necessary? Identify the hazards associated with each step. Address all significant hazards to:- Personnel Assets Equipment The environment The risk assessment for the parent process may also be used as a reference to aid in hazard identification. Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Example

14. Why is a JSA necessary? For each step we must assign risk level. One we have identified the hazards we can undertake risk assessment and qualify the risk level. The JSA can now receive the pre-control risk rating of each of the steps for the categories people, assets and Environment. It should be clear that the parent process risk assessment shall include the highest risk ratings present in any of the related JAS’s Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Example

15. Why is a JSA necessary? Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess residual risk Example For each step and associated hazards, we must define controls that will reduce the risk to ALARP and tolerable levels Then address what personal protection equipment is required at each step. These actions are based on a rigorous if not exhaustive identification of hazards and risk assessment. Its important to realize that following the defined actions is the best practice to avoid an incident. Assess risk Define control and recovery measures

16. Why is a JSA necessary? Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Define control and recovery measures Example We will assess the risk level when defined actions and controls are implemented and the risk is as low as reasonable practicable. The residual risk level will be assigned for each step and for the JSA Assess risk Assess residual risk

17. Why is a JSA necessary? For each step we must assign risk level. One we have identified the hazards we can undertake risk assessment and qualify the risk level. The JSA can now receive the pre-control risk rating of each of the steps for the categories people, assets and Environment. It should be clear that the parent process risk assessment shall include the highest risk ratings present in any of the related JAS’s Establish farm Break down the task into steps Identify hazards Assess risk Define control and recovery measures Assess residual risk Example