2. Introducción
The autonomous community of the Region of
Murcia is located in the southeast of the Iberian
Peninsula, the Mediterranean shoreline. The
temperatures are in accordance with the
Mediterranean arid model, annual precipitations
are very scarce. Difficult conditions for the crop
have given rise to a technological innovation
aimed at finding effective solutions. This has
allowed that currently the Region of Murcia is one
of the world most advanced agricultures.
3. IRRIGATION
The rapid growth of the murcian irrigation systems during the last
decades has been accompanied by an intense process of
modernization and modernization, positioning the industry among
the most outstanding in Europe. The extension of the surfaces
protected by greenhouses and the wide dissemination of the modern
techniques of localized irrigation are indicators of this process.
Currently, Murcia is located between the first Spanish provinces.
4. Products most irrigated
Irrigation techniques are not equally appropriate for all crops and its
initial expansion has given way to stagnation of surfaces irrigated
located during the last five years. Recently, spraying techniques are
gaining more prominence for some horticultural plantations. In the
Region of Murcia, more than 30% of the irrigated area is equipped
with irrigation systems, drip. In irrigated main crops are fruit trees
including citrus (lemon and orange) and bone (peach and apricot)
with more than 80% of its irrigated area. Also highlights the olive
grove with 9,000 has watered in 2011 and melon with 100% of its
surface in irrigation and fourth cultivation of irrigated land in
importance. Main crops watered in the region of Murcia:
5. Products and services
IRRIGATION
The range of manufactured products is wide: spray plastic,
brass, accessories, polyethylene, PVC, aluminum pivot
irrigation, drip pipe tapes, systems. Also human error has
actively worked in the development of new irrigation
systems that provide maximum accuracy and eliminate
completely. This has been necessary to move from
traditional systems to high-tech systems, much more
precise and efficient due to its automation. These advances
will be join the experienced in the field of accessories,
such as pH sensors, conductivity sensors and other systems
that help the plant to assimilate all the nutrients better and
get higher yields and higher quality.
6. VALVES
There are several Murcia companies that marketed all over
the world systems of valves, which, thanks to its
automation offer important advantages when it comes to
controlling the quantities of water required by each
holding. For this purpose have been developed measuring
magnetic flow, suction, hydraulic membrane valves,
pumps and other accessories. The Region also has test
benches which allow optimizing and testing of these
systems. The improvement of systems of control of entry
and exit of water offers major advantages when it comes to
more precisely control irrigation which is necessary in
every place.
7. SOFTWARE AND
AUTOMATION
The companies in Murcia are pioneers in the development and
manufacturing of software and hardware necessary for the control of all
and each of the automated processes that are included in an agricultural
facility, climate-control, Fertigation, irrigation systems, etc. It is computer
management programs which are adapted according to the specifications of
each product. For this reason, the companies in this sector have established
very complete departments to work elbow elbow hydraulic, agricultural,
electrical engineers and electronics branch. They are prepared and verified
prototypes, for what many have benchmarks that simulates the behavior of
each installation. These programs have been a major breakthrough in
managing control of greenhouses, greatly facilitating the task of cultivation
on plantations. Other systems allow the introduction and the data recovery
operation and production in the workplace, through GPS, mobile phones,
etc.
8. FERTIGATION
A key sector in the technological revolution that in recent years has
experienced the murcian agriculture was the sector of Fertigation, more
accurate dosing techniques of water irrigation and fertilizer necessary in
each crop. This entails important savings in labors, a better distribution
of resources, as well as providing a greater job security, to avoid that the
operators have to deposit fertilizers entering the greenhouse. These
systems, fully computerized and automated, control the amount of water
and fertilizer needed and correct parameters of electrical conductivity,
pH, which is very advantageous in high yielding crops. These teams
have been more sophisticated with the passage of time and today are
phytosanitary humidifiers that, combined with fans, distribute fertilizers
in the form of suspended fog, which is located on the underside of the
plant, thus obtaining maximum efficiency. The radial injectors are
another application of the field of Fertigation.
9. ENGINEERING AND
PROJECTS
It is the technology at the service of the farmer who can obtain the
maximum performance to the automated processes of exploitation
in this way. Several of the murcian companies advise and design
these projects demanded all over the world, and for which is has
excellent professionals able to design, test and operating any type
of integrated installation, as well as to train professionals in
destination for the maintenance thereof. It is precisely that
capacity to develop integrated projects valued more abroad, and
there are many Latin American, North African and Middle East
countries that require the services of the companies in Murcia to
the development of such projects. Precisely, these improvements
tend to lower the costs of systems and to reduce the maintenance
thereof. It's high-tech equipment and a life increasingly long, in
the direction which are running new rings filtering systems or new
plants of Fertigation automatic, with a more simple management
and increased efficiency.
10. TRAINING
One of the great advantages of the agricultural development of
the region has been its training structure, in the Region of
Murcia there are universities which develop all training and
research where it is formed to agronomists and agricultural
engineers, both specialized in agrarian and food industries as
in gardening and horticulture. They also play an important
role in the formation of researchers to other research centre's
dependent on the community autonomous located in key
areas of agricultural production that are complemented by
private entities to increase the transfer of technology. Some
of the agencies that drive advances of murcian agriculture
are: Instituto Murciano research and development in
agriculture and food (IMIDE), as well as laboratories of
quality and an important biotechnology Department; the
Centro de Edafología y biology Aplicada del Segura
(CEBAS).
11. FOREIGN TRADE
The Region of Murcia, with €
21,11 billion, was the leading
Spanish region in export of
irrigation systems, followed
by Madrid, community and
Valencia and Basque
country (2011) the main
markets for Murcia
products match nationals in
the 3 main positions in the
ranking of customers:
Morocco, Cuba and France.
13. Taps for sinks
At the faucets for sinks that have
shower or rotating ejectors, saving
water, air adore perlizadores or flow-
reducing systems can also be
installed. With the installation of
these systems you will never lose
neither comfort nor efficiency. If you
install aerators with Venturi system,
which mix water with air using the
pressure of the tap, you'll save water
and improve the mixture of soaps and
detergents.
14. Saving water for shower systems
To save water in the shower must be
installed and flow reducers, between
the shower and the faucet (its
installation is very simple); complete
faucets or artichokes that already
incorporate them. When you purchase
these water-saving systems, request
that dispense 8 litres per minute to
2.5 bar, will get significant water and
energy savings. Feel free to devices
that announce only percentages of
savings and request provided that
they indicate the amount of water
dispensed at a given pressure.
15. Double-tap toilettes
Double-tap cisterns are very efficient water-saving systems for
dwellings. They allow to opt for a partial discharge of,
approximately, 3 litres or total of 7 liters. If your toilet does not
have this mechanism, the installation is very simple. When you
install be sure to regular volumes of half and full download
according to your needs. It is not advisable to insert objects into
the toilet in order to reduce the volume of water they use, since
they may hinder the functioning of the systems of shock or
closing and leak from water.
