ARCADIA aims to provide a novel development paradigm needed to take advantage of the emerging
programmability of the cloud infrastructure, and hence develop reconfigurable -by-design applications that support high performance, scalability, failure prevention and recovery, and in general self-adaptation to changes in the execution environment.
The proposed framework relies on the development
of an extensible Context Model which will be used by developers to produce annotated source -code and generate distributed applications as service chains of application tiers and network functions containing meaningful semantics. A Smart Controller responsible for
on - boarding the HDAs is undertaking the tasks of translating annotations to optimal infrastructural configuration. Such a controller is enforcing an optimal configuration to the registered programmable resources and is pro - actively adjusting the configuration plan based on the Infrastructural State and the Application State to meet
objectives and apply policies. Driving a distributed application through its entire lifetime proves highly beneficial for all stakeholders since the synergy of the introduced applications’ re - configurability and the underlying infrastructure’s programmability, facilitates the development of new fine - grained strategies able to fulfil new and complex equirements.
1. O documento apresenta uma lista de exercícios de física sobre forças e movimento, incluindo forças de atrito estático e cinético em diferentes situações.
2. As questões envolvem cálculos de aceleração, força resultante, força de atrito e coeficiente de atrito em situações como blocos em movimento sobre planos inclinados e horizontais, corpos sendo puxados por forças.
3. São fornecidos dados como massa, ângulo de inclinação, coeficientes de atrito e intensidade de forças
Este documento descreve um trabalho acadêmico sobre a aplicação do ferro na construção civil. Ele discute a história e processo de extração e fabricação do ferro e do aço, seus benefícios e usos comuns na construção, e o processo de corrosão do ferro.
O documento descreve os conceitos básicos sobre células-tronco, incluindo sua definição como células capazes de gerar ou regenerar tecidos e órgãos, e suas características de auto-renovação e diferenciação. Também discute os tipos de células-tronco embrionárias e adultas, com foco nas células-tronco da medula óssea e do sangue de cordão umbilical.
O documento discute o mercado de chocolate fino no Brasil, que vem crescendo 12% ao ano. A produção de cacau brasileiro precisa focar em qualidade para suprir este mercado em expansão. Há também uma oportunidade de promover o consumo de chocolate fino brasileiro de alta qualidade junto aos consumidores das classes AB, explicando-lhes os benefícios e o processo de produção.
O documento descreve o 4o Encontro do NEICA sobre a criança como protagonista, incluindo a apresentação do filme "Born Into Brothels" que mostra a vida de crianças pobres na Índia e como elas usam a fotografia para expressar seus mundos. O texto também discute a abordagem da Sociologia da Infância que vê as crianças como atores sociais e defende a autonomia conceitual da infância.
Este documento lista os estoques de cores disponíveis para vários tipos de faixas de bebê decoradas com flores, incluindo cores como rosa, branco, vermelho, azul marinho e turquesa.
1. O documento apresenta uma lista de exercícios de física sobre forças e movimento, incluindo forças de atrito estático e cinético em diferentes situações.
2. As questões envolvem cálculos de aceleração, força resultante, força de atrito e coeficiente de atrito em situações como blocos em movimento sobre planos inclinados e horizontais, corpos sendo puxados por forças.
3. São fornecidos dados como massa, ângulo de inclinação, coeficientes de atrito e intensidade de forças
Este documento descreve um trabalho acadêmico sobre a aplicação do ferro na construção civil. Ele discute a história e processo de extração e fabricação do ferro e do aço, seus benefícios e usos comuns na construção, e o processo de corrosão do ferro.
O documento descreve os conceitos básicos sobre células-tronco, incluindo sua definição como células capazes de gerar ou regenerar tecidos e órgãos, e suas características de auto-renovação e diferenciação. Também discute os tipos de células-tronco embrionárias e adultas, com foco nas células-tronco da medula óssea e do sangue de cordão umbilical.
O documento discute o mercado de chocolate fino no Brasil, que vem crescendo 12% ao ano. A produção de cacau brasileiro precisa focar em qualidade para suprir este mercado em expansão. Há também uma oportunidade de promover o consumo de chocolate fino brasileiro de alta qualidade junto aos consumidores das classes AB, explicando-lhes os benefícios e o processo de produção.
O documento descreve o 4o Encontro do NEICA sobre a criança como protagonista, incluindo a apresentação do filme "Born Into Brothels" que mostra a vida de crianças pobres na Índia e como elas usam a fotografia para expressar seus mundos. O texto também discute a abordagem da Sociologia da Infância que vê as crianças como atores sociais e defende a autonomia conceitual da infância.
Este documento lista os estoques de cores disponíveis para vários tipos de faixas de bebê decoradas com flores, incluindo cores como rosa, branco, vermelho, azul marinho e turquesa.
Diaositivas para que sirven las emociones!!!MINUTO DE DIOS
Este documento presenta información sobre hábitos de estudio y técnicas para mejorarlos. Propone organizar el tiempo de estudio de manera realista, estructurar un horario, utilizar un calendario, determinar el mejor lugar y momento para estudiar, revisar apuntes a diario, dividir los trabajos y premiarse al completar tareas. También recomienda leer de manera comprensiva, tomar notas y escribir resúmenes con sus propias palabras, así como utilizar estrategias como tarjetas o fichas y diagramas para potenciar la
El documento proporciona instrucciones para acceder y utilizar varias herramientas de comunicación y colaboración en la plataforma educativa Uniminuto, incluyendo cómo acceder al correo estudiantil, cambiar la firma, unirse o crear grupos, compartir documentos en línea, acceder a aulas virtuales, actualizar la información personal y usar la mensajería instantánea.
Correntes de literatura que marcaram a 1ª metade do século XXsaraquel98
O documento descreve a evolução da poesia portuguesa moderna desde o início do século XX. A primeira vanguarda surgiu em 1915 com a revista "Orpheu", que trouxe uma perspectiva otimista e linguagem nova influenciada pela Grande Guerra. Em 1927, a revista "Presença" difundiu os poetas de "Orpheu" e representou uma segunda fase mais teórica do modernismo. Entre os anos 1930-1950 surgio o neorrealismo, uma literatura comprometida social e politicamente.
O documento discute como a música combina sons e silêncio de forma estética, transmitindo sentimentos e valores culturais de um povo. A música também transmite paz e alegria, transportando quem ouve para outro estado mental positivo. No Brasil, há grande diversidade de estilos musicais e compositores importantes.
O documento discute o papel da tecnologia na educação e apresenta o Setor de Tecnologia Educacional da Secretaria de Educação de Cabedelo. Ele descreve as principais atribuições do setor, como apoiar o uso de tecnologias nas escolas e oferecer formação continuada para educadores. Também define os papéis do monitor de informática educativa e apresenta planos para produzir conteúdos pedagógicos e atividades com tecnologia.
O documento apresenta um livro sobre contabilidade que aborda os seguintes tópicos: 1) método das partidas dobradas e conceitos de débito e crédito; 2) demonstrações contábeis como balanço patrimonial e demonstração do resultado; 3) princípios contábeis como entidade e competência.
The essence of the biotechnology CEO_5 differentiating traits_FINALMegan Aparicio
The document summarizes the findings of a study that assessed the leadership traits of 23 biotech CEOs through psychometric testing. It identified 5 traits that distinguish biotech CEOs from other industry CEOs: 1) a strong desire to have an impact, 2) a creative mindset, 3) a propensity to forge a new path, 4) an inclination to learn from others, and 5) a relatively high level of independence. The document discusses each trait in detail and provides quotes from study participants to illustrate how these traits manifest in biotech CEOs. It concludes by advising search committees to look beyond track records alone and consider leadership potential when selecting biotech CEO candidates.
El documento habla sobre diferentes tipos de representaciones digitales. Brevemente describe que el sonido digital es la codificación digital de una señal de sonido, el video digital es una representación digital de video en lugar de analógica, la imagen digital es una representación numérica bidimensional de una imagen, y multimedia se refiere a objetos que usan múltiples medios físicos o digitales para presentar información.
O documento descreve as versões e melhorias de um firmware de rede wireless. A versão 3.3a trouxe melhorias na autenticação e correções de tabelas e sinal. A versão 3.3 incluiu informações de transmissão e atualização via SSH, além de melhorias e correções. Versões anteriores continuaram melhorando funcionalidades e corrigindo problemas.
Este documento apresenta um exame de Estatística I com vários problemas e exercícios. Os alunos devem escolher e resolver problemas de múltipla escolha, interpretação de distribuições de frequência, cálculo de probabilidades e análise de variáveis aleatórias.
Os alunos aprenderam sobre histórias em quadrinhos, tipos de balões e onomatopeias. Eles esboçaram suas próprias HQs em duplas e depois as criaram digitalmente usando o site Toondoo para publicação e impressão.
Mr. Suraj Mehta submitted a seminar report on "Google App Engine" to the Department of Computer Engineering at KJ's Educational Institute in Pune, India. The report provides an overview of Google App Engine, including how it works, its storage management, development workflow, quotas and limits, and a proposed framework for using App Engine for parameter studies. It also discusses advantages, disadvantages, and compares App Engine to other cloud platforms. The seminar guide and HOD of the Computer Engineering department certified that Mehta satisfactorily completed the report as required.
Seminar Report - Managing the Cloud with Open Source ToolsNakul Ezhuthupally
This document discusses managing the cloud with open source tools. It provides an overview of cloud computing, including its key characteristics like elasticity and pay-per-use model. It also covers open source philosophy and the importance of open source tools for cloud management. The document evaluates several popular open source provisioning, configuration, automation and monitoring tools used for cloud management. It concludes that while cloud computing provides benefits, effective management is still needed and open source tools can help organizations manage their cloud resources.
Diaositivas para que sirven las emociones!!!MINUTO DE DIOS
Este documento presenta información sobre hábitos de estudio y técnicas para mejorarlos. Propone organizar el tiempo de estudio de manera realista, estructurar un horario, utilizar un calendario, determinar el mejor lugar y momento para estudiar, revisar apuntes a diario, dividir los trabajos y premiarse al completar tareas. También recomienda leer de manera comprensiva, tomar notas y escribir resúmenes con sus propias palabras, así como utilizar estrategias como tarjetas o fichas y diagramas para potenciar la
El documento proporciona instrucciones para acceder y utilizar varias herramientas de comunicación y colaboración en la plataforma educativa Uniminuto, incluyendo cómo acceder al correo estudiantil, cambiar la firma, unirse o crear grupos, compartir documentos en línea, acceder a aulas virtuales, actualizar la información personal y usar la mensajería instantánea.
Correntes de literatura que marcaram a 1ª metade do século XXsaraquel98
O documento descreve a evolução da poesia portuguesa moderna desde o início do século XX. A primeira vanguarda surgiu em 1915 com a revista "Orpheu", que trouxe uma perspectiva otimista e linguagem nova influenciada pela Grande Guerra. Em 1927, a revista "Presença" difundiu os poetas de "Orpheu" e representou uma segunda fase mais teórica do modernismo. Entre os anos 1930-1950 surgio o neorrealismo, uma literatura comprometida social e politicamente.
O documento discute como a música combina sons e silêncio de forma estética, transmitindo sentimentos e valores culturais de um povo. A música também transmite paz e alegria, transportando quem ouve para outro estado mental positivo. No Brasil, há grande diversidade de estilos musicais e compositores importantes.
O documento discute o papel da tecnologia na educação e apresenta o Setor de Tecnologia Educacional da Secretaria de Educação de Cabedelo. Ele descreve as principais atribuições do setor, como apoiar o uso de tecnologias nas escolas e oferecer formação continuada para educadores. Também define os papéis do monitor de informática educativa e apresenta planos para produzir conteúdos pedagógicos e atividades com tecnologia.
O documento apresenta um livro sobre contabilidade que aborda os seguintes tópicos: 1) método das partidas dobradas e conceitos de débito e crédito; 2) demonstrações contábeis como balanço patrimonial e demonstração do resultado; 3) princípios contábeis como entidade e competência.
The essence of the biotechnology CEO_5 differentiating traits_FINALMegan Aparicio
The document summarizes the findings of a study that assessed the leadership traits of 23 biotech CEOs through psychometric testing. It identified 5 traits that distinguish biotech CEOs from other industry CEOs: 1) a strong desire to have an impact, 2) a creative mindset, 3) a propensity to forge a new path, 4) an inclination to learn from others, and 5) a relatively high level of independence. The document discusses each trait in detail and provides quotes from study participants to illustrate how these traits manifest in biotech CEOs. It concludes by advising search committees to look beyond track records alone and consider leadership potential when selecting biotech CEO candidates.
El documento habla sobre diferentes tipos de representaciones digitales. Brevemente describe que el sonido digital es la codificación digital de una señal de sonido, el video digital es una representación digital de video en lugar de analógica, la imagen digital es una representación numérica bidimensional de una imagen, y multimedia se refiere a objetos que usan múltiples medios físicos o digitales para presentar información.
O documento descreve as versões e melhorias de um firmware de rede wireless. A versão 3.3a trouxe melhorias na autenticação e correções de tabelas e sinal. A versão 3.3 incluiu informações de transmissão e atualização via SSH, além de melhorias e correções. Versões anteriores continuaram melhorando funcionalidades e corrigindo problemas.
Este documento apresenta um exame de Estatística I com vários problemas e exercícios. Os alunos devem escolher e resolver problemas de múltipla escolha, interpretação de distribuições de frequência, cálculo de probabilidades e análise de variáveis aleatórias.
Os alunos aprenderam sobre histórias em quadrinhos, tipos de balões e onomatopeias. Eles esboçaram suas próprias HQs em duplas e depois as criaram digitalmente usando o site Toondoo para publicação e impressão.
Mr. Suraj Mehta submitted a seminar report on "Google App Engine" to the Department of Computer Engineering at KJ's Educational Institute in Pune, India. The report provides an overview of Google App Engine, including how it works, its storage management, development workflow, quotas and limits, and a proposed framework for using App Engine for parameter studies. It also discusses advantages, disadvantages, and compares App Engine to other cloud platforms. The seminar guide and HOD of the Computer Engineering department certified that Mehta satisfactorily completed the report as required.
Seminar Report - Managing the Cloud with Open Source ToolsNakul Ezhuthupally
This document discusses managing the cloud with open source tools. It provides an overview of cloud computing, including its key characteristics like elasticity and pay-per-use model. It also covers open source philosophy and the importance of open source tools for cloud management. The document evaluates several popular open source provisioning, configuration, automation and monitoring tools used for cloud management. It concludes that while cloud computing provides benefits, effective management is still needed and open source tools can help organizations manage their cloud resources.
ARCADIA Framework will rely on an extensible Context Model which will be used during the entire lifecycle of an HDA. The purpose of this deliverable is to document the first version of the ARCADIA Context Model. It should be clarified that this model is ‘multi-faceted’ since it consists of complementary models that are conceptually grouped according to their functional purpose.
This document discusses implementing single sign-on for a multi-tenant SaaS application using SAML. It aims to address the issue of multi-tenancy in SaaS applications by allowing users to authenticate using their identity provider credentials rather than separate application credentials. The author implemented a loosely coupled SAML-based single sign-on solution for a SaaS application deployed on public cloud. This included configuring the application as a SAML service provider, importing identity provider metadata, and evaluating the solution to reduce storage and communication costs compared to conventional username/password authentication.
Evaluation of Real-Time Communication in IoT Services by WebRTCChandan Sarkar
The document discusses a master's thesis that evaluates real-time communication in IoT services using WebRTC. It provides background on IoT and WebRTC, reviews related works incorporating real-time video in telemedicine and other IoT applications, and proposes a design for a prototype network architecture to enable real-time communication between IoT devices using WebRTC. The goal is to develop a standardized framework for real-time multimedia transmission in IoT services.
The INOVA GIS platform is a centralized enterprise GIS system that allows seamless data access for multiple departments within an organization. It uses a three-tier architecture with a database tier, middle tier called the INOVA GIS Server (IGS), and presentation tier. The IGS provides scalability, redundancy, versioning, and other features. Key client tools include TeleCAD-GIS for editing and viewing, a web GIS portal, and the ability to view content in third party tools like Google Earth.
Ensuring Distributed Accountability in the CloudSuraj Mehta
Ensuring distributed accountability for data sharing in the cloud is in short nothing
but a novel highly decentralized information accountability framework to keep track
of the actual usage of the users' data in the cloud. Cloud computing enables highly
ecient services that are easily consumed over the internet.
G-Cloud Programme vision UK - technical architectureworkstrand-report t8Victor Gridnev
This document provides a high-level overview of the proposed technical architecture for the Government Cloud (G-Cloud), data centre consolidation, and Applications Store for Government. It defines key concepts and outlines the logical architecture, including components like the Applications Store, G-Cloud Services Interchange, and Certified Components Repository. The architecture is designed to provide a common foundation of software and hardware infrastructure principles that reflects best practices, future technologies, and the UK public sector's unique requirements around security, interoperability, and cost-effectiveness.
This seminar report discusses cloud computing. It provides an acknowledgment, abstract, table of contents and introduction section. The report will cover the 5 characteristics of cloud computing including on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. It will also discuss the 4 deployment models and 3 service models of cloud computing.
This document is a dissertation submitted by Saurabh Kumar Panda for the degree of Master of Technology. It presents a project to establish a firmware over-the-air deployment system for a wireless sensor network. The project aims to enable wireless firmware updates for an existing embedded wireless sensor network. It discusses developing firmware for router and target nodes, and a user interface, to allow firmware updates to be sent over-the-air from the router to physically disconnected target nodes. Testing was done on a real system with two nodes communicating wirelessly. The work establishes a proof-of-concept system for remote firmware updates in a wireless network using the developed firmware and radio driver.
PharmaLedger – Blockchain platform modifications and interoperabilityPharmaLedger
The purpose of this deliverable, D3.4 Blockchain platform modifications and interoperability, is to describe the change performed in the platform to meet the challenges in the PharmaLedger project, with its interoperability needs. It includes all the activities required to modify and improve the prerequisite blockchain technologies used to build the PharmaLedger platform.
This deliverable is related to concepts and technologies explained deliverables:
• D3.1: PharmaLedger Framework Architecture for Healthcare Industry -1st Iteration [1]
• D3.3: Blockchain platform research [2]
• D3.10: First Reference Implementation of PharmaLedger platform [3]
Based on research and the use case implementations, this deliverable improved the prerequisite blockchain technologies used by the PharmaLedger platform.
We structure this deliverable as follows:
• Introduction to blockchain layers and the OpenDSU APIHub components
• Describe the Platform modifications and interoperability
• Describe the OpenDSU modifications
• Describe the new emerged requirements while implementing PharmaLedger Platform
• Architecture improvements related to smart contracts
• Describe the deployment of the blockchain platform
We concluded this deliverable by elaborating on the next steps of the blockchain platform development.
The document is a thesis proposal for a cloud-based microservice architecture for the Skolrutiner system. It begins with an introduction that outlines the motivation and contributions of the thesis. It then provides background on cloud computing and microservices. The current system design is discussed along with its drawbacks. A new proposed cloud-based microservice architecture is then presented and evaluated, with the goal of addressing issues with the current centralized system. The thesis concludes by summarizing the contributions and discussing potential future work.
This newsletter provides an update on the ARCADIA project, which aims to develop a platform to facilitate the development and deployment of highly distributed applications over programmable infrastructure. The project started in January 2015, is funded through December 2017 with a budget of over 3.5 million euros, and involves multiple partners. This first issue introduces the project objectives, discusses participation in the Net Futures 2015 conference, and outlines upcoming technical meetings to coordinate progress. Readers are invited to learn more about ARCADIA's goals of simplifying application development while enabling flexibility, availability, and security.
This document analyzes innovative challenges in building spatial data infrastructures (SDI) for spatial planning in Europe. It provides context on the evolution of technologies from CAD and GIS to web-based systems. Key standards from OGC, ISO, and INSPIRE that are relevant for SDI are described. A framework is presented for classifying technologies and services. Challenges, opportunities, and risks related to data infrastructure applications are discussed. Criteria for evaluating data quality are also examined. The document provides an in-depth review of related EU projects and identifies strengths and weaknesses. Finally, innovative challenges for the future of SDI are concluded.
Implementing Saas as Cloud controllers using Mobile Agent based technology wi...Sunil Rajput
Setup your own cloud for Software as a Service (SaaS) over the existing LAN in your laboratory. In this assignment you have to write your own code for cloud controllers using open source technologies without HDFS. Implementing the basic operations may be like uploading and downloading files on/from cloud in encrypted form.
The ARCADIA project is developing a framework to support the development and orchestration of highly distributed applications over programmable infrastructure. The project ran from 2015-2017 with a budget of over 3.5 million euros in EU funding. A newsletter provides updates on project progress including work to support the convergence of network function virtualization and software-defined networking through the ARCADIA framework.
Web Development in Advanced Threat PreventionIRJET Journal
This document discusses the development of a web application user interface (UI) for a security operations console and integrating it with real-time data using APIs and React technologies. It describes adding backend security features like preventing access from protected IP addresses and networks and preventing cross-site scripting attacks. The methodology used React, Redux, TypeScript, Ant Design and other frameworks to develop the UI according to a FIGMA design. It also details code to sanitize input fields to protect against XSS attacks and check IP addresses against protected networks and subnets. The pipeline results showed the build passing with all unit tests passing.
Design and Implementation of Multi-SCADA System for Drone-Based Reliability R...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a multi-SCADA system for drone-based reliability response. A SCADA system was developed to transport data between drones equipped with sensors and a control system. A Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol was used to enable bi-directional communication between hardware components like drones, sensors, and software systems. The system was tested at an electric utility training site, demonstrating continuous updating of sensor data from drones to the SCADA user interface in real-time. The MQTT protocol was determined to be effective for this low-power sensor network due to its support for resource-constrained devices.
Similar to Integrated Smart Controller Implementation (20)
This document summarizes the dissemination activities of the ARCADIA project in its second year (2016). It describes the dissemination methodology, including channels used such as the project website and social media. It provides an overview of publications, conference presentations, and other dissemination events in year 2. Finally, it outlines future planned dissemination activities targeting the scientific and industrial communities as well as standardization and public dissemination.
This document provides an overview of the ARCADIA Project, a Horizon 2020 funded consortium working on tools and methods for software development. The project runs from 2015-2017 with a budget of 3.5M Euros. It aims to develop approaches for designing reactive systems that can adapt based on their operational environment. This includes making applications more context-aware and composable from independently orchestratable components. The project is developing a software engineering environment, optimization engine, and policies framework to deploy and manage distributed applications across programmable infrastructure using network softwarization technologies. It includes three use cases related to security/privacy, survivable IoT communications, and quality of service/energy efficiency trade-offs.
This document describes the ARCADIA project, which developed a novel reconfigurable application development paradigm over programmable infrastructure. The ARCADIA framework allows applications to be built from micro-services that can communicate and be reused. It received over 3.5 million Euros in funding from the European Union and involves multiple partners. Three use cases are being developed around energy efficiency, high-performance communications for IoT, and security/privacy support on the FIWARE platform.
This document describes the ARCADIA project, which received over 3.5 million euros in funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 program. The ARCADIA project aims to develop an innovative framework that addresses challenges in future computing by enabling optimal use of computing resources and helping application developers take advantage of emerging infrastructure programmability. It will provide a methodology for developing applications that can be reconfigured by design and will enable deployment of ecosystems offering opportunities for software and small/medium enterprises.
This document summarizes the ARCADIA project, which aims to design and validate a new paradigm for developing highly distributed applications that can dynamically reconfigure based on changes to programmable infrastructure. The project received over 3.5 million Euros in funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 program and will last 36 months. It involves developing new approaches for application deployment and management over distributed systems while maintaining network reliability, security, and efficiency.
This project received EU funding to develop a framework for highly distributed applications over programmable infrastructure. It has 9 partners across 7 countries working over 3 years with 6 work packages and 19 deliverables. The objectives are to develop a flexible framework, context model, and reference architecture to facilitate design and deployment of distributed applications. Three use cases will demonstrate the framework in different domains: optimizing energy efficiency vs quality of service in software routing; high performance survivable communications for IoT; and security/privacy support for the FI-WARE platform. The project is coordinated by Insight Centre for Data Analytics and technical coordination is led by Ubitech.
The document discusses the ARCADIA project, which is funded by the European Commission to develop a framework for composing, deploying, and managing microservices-based applications across multiple datacenters in a policy-aware and reconfigurable manner. The framework includes components for application and component discovery, policy-aware orchestration using optimization algorithms, multi-datacenter execution middleware to support various infrastructure platforms, and an development environment for designing distributed applications with defined metrics and reconfigurability.
This deliverable presents the data management plan for the
ARCADIA project. This data management plan describes what kind of data is generated or collected in the ARCADIA project and how this data is published openly. A simple decision process is defined that either classifies a result as public or non -public. The publishing platforms used are the pro
ject website, the OwnCloud platform and GitHub for open-sourced code. All these platforms can be accessed openly.
This deliverable provides a
report from
the first ARCADIA workshop, held in Athens during EuCNC 2016. The workshop gave insights on the ARCADIA
architecture, on -going work, prototype implementation, and established connections with other related initiatives.
This document
applies as a
report setting out the activity
concerning the presentation and
communication of the work and
relative results of all the work packages achieved during the first
year of the ARCADIA implementation.
This document describes the activities that have taken place with regards to dissemination of the work and relative results of all the work packages achieved during the first year of the ARCADIA project
Description of the Applications’ Lifecycle Management SupportEU ARCADIA PROJECT
Description of the software development methodology that to be followed for deploying highly distributed applications based on the ARCADIA’s project components.
This deliverable provides a description of the metadata/annotations that are supported by the ARCADIA software development paradigm, based on the identified requirements
Use Cases and Performance Evaluation and Validation MethodsEU ARCADIA PROJECT
This deliverable sets the cornerstone in the development of the three use cases of the ARCADIA project . It includes all the necessary information for the successful implementation, validation and performance evaluation of the proposed scenarios, which will ensure the delivery of strong proof -of-concept demonstrations. Three discrete domains are included in the use cases, targeting at
demonstrating and validating the ARCADIA framework for tackling a wide set of distributed applications deployment challenges.
In ARCADIA project we consider that a Smart Controller is deployed per Service Provider. Such a Smart Controller is able to operate over a multi-IaaS infrastructure and orchestrate the deployment and operation of numerous services. Given the development of the envisaged software development paradigm along with its mapping with the ARCADIA Smart Controller, a distinguishing characteristic of the proposed approach in comparison with existing or ongoing developments on the era –up to our knowledge- is that it supports the deployment of service graphs that include the entire functionality of an application and not only the set of network oriented functionalities, as proposed in a set of approaches that are tackling the deployment of graphs consisted of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) based on the evolving specifications in the Network Function Virtualization (NFV) era.
Description of Highly Distributed Applications and Programmable Infrastructur...EU ARCADIA PROJECT
This deliverable poses the foundation to start the technical activities in the ARCADIA project. In this
respect, it sets the bases for a common and shared vision of the problem and provides the basic set of design and implementation guidelines. The purpose for a common vision is to agree on the problem definition, to share basic knowledge among partners from different fields (mainly software development, computing and networking), and to identify the main research challenges to be addressed. The guidelines to drive the project activities are expressed in terms of requirements.
Requirements are meant to drive the design and development process; they are the constraints that
will help the final framework to best match the initial vision and to satisfy the technological challenges.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
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Integrated Smart Controller Implementation
1. HORIZON H2020-ICT-2014-1
Objective ICT-09-2014: Topics and Methods for Software Development
A novel reconfigurable by design highly distributed applications
development paradigm over programmable infrastructure
D3.3 — Integrated Smart Controller Implementation v1
Editors: Panagiotis Gouvas, Anastasios Zafeiropoulos (UBITECH)
Contributors:
Costantinos Vassilakis, Eleni Fotopoulou (UBITECH), M.
Repetto (CNIT), N. Koutsouris (WINGS), T. Quang (TUB), J.
Sterle (UL), S. Siravo (MAGGIOLI), G. Kioumourtzis
(ADITESS), L. Porwol (NUIG)
Date: 17 August 2016
Version: 1.0
Status: Final
Work Package: WP3—Smart Controller Reference Implementation
Classification: Public
Ref. Ares(2016)4468092 - 17/08/2016
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ARCADIA Profile
Partners
Insight Centre for Data Analytics,
National University of Ireland, Galway
Ireland
Stiftelsen SINTEF Norway
Technische Universität Berlin Germany
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario
per le Telecomunicazioni
Italy
Univerza v Ljubljani Slovenia
UBITECH Greece
WINGS ICT Solutions Information &
Communication Technologies EPE
Greece
MAGGIOLI SPA Italy
ADITESS Advanced Integrated
Technology Solutions and Services Ltd
Cyprus
Grant Agreement No.: 645372
Acronym: ARCADIA
Title:
A NOVEL RECONFIGURABLE BY DESIGN HIGHLY DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS
DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM OVER PROGRAMMABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
URL: http://www.arcadia-framework.eu/
Start Date: 01 January 2015
Duration: 36 months
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Document History
Version Date Author (Partner) Remarks
0.1 15 June 2016 P. Gouvas, A. Zafeiropoulos
(UBITECH)
Added table of contents
Added executive summary
0.2 29 June 2016 P. Gouvas, A. Zafeiropoulos, C.
Vassilakis, E. Fotopoulou
(UBITECH)
Added description of components
0.3 29 July 2016 M. Repetto (CNIT), C. Vassilakis,
A. Zafeiropoulos (UBITECH), N.
Koutsouris (WINGS), T. Quang
(TUB), J. Sterle (UL), S. Siravo
(MAGGIOLI), G. Kioumourtzis
(ADITESS), L. Porwol (NUIG)
Updated description of components
Added introduction and conclusion
Finalised formatting
0.4 10 August 016 G.Kioumourtzis (ADITESS) Internal review
1.0 17 August 2016 Panagiotis Gouvas (UBITECH) Finalised document
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Executive Summary
ARCADIA aims to provide a novel development paradigm needed to take advantage of the emerging
programmability of the cloud infrastructure, and hence develop reconfigurable-by-design applications
that support high performance, scalability, failure prevention and recovery, and in general self-
adaptation to changes in the execution environment. The proposed framework relies on the development
of an extensible Context Model which will be used by developers to produce annotated source-code and
generate distributed applications as service chains of application tiers and network functions containing
meaningful semantics. A Smart Controller responsible for on-boarding the HDAs is undertaking the tasks
of translating annotations to optimal infrastructural configuration. Such a controller is enforcing an
optimal configuration to the registered programmable resources and is pro-actively adjusting the
configuration plan based on the Infrastructural State and the Application State to meet objectives and
apply policies. Driving a distributed application through its entire lifetime proves highly beneficial for all
stakeholders since the synergy of the introduced applications’ re-configurability and the underlying
infrastructure’s programmability, facilitates the development of new fine-grained strategies able to fulfil
new and complex requirements.
This deliverable describes the implementation of the first integrated version of the ARCADIA Smart
Controller. The deliverable consists of a short description of the development activities and
implementation status, along with the source code of the integrated version of the Smart Controller. It is
intended for readers with experience in cloud computing and software engineering, as well as, familiarity
with the initial architecture design.
It should be noted that the current version of the ARCADIA Smart Controller is going to be used for the
first round of implementation of the ARCADIA use cases in WP5, while a final version of the ARCADIA
Smart Controller is envisaged to be provided by M24 of the project.
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................7
1.1 Purpose and Scope................................................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Relation with other WPs...................................................................................................................... 7
2 The ARCADIA Framework....................................................................................................8
3 Integrated version of SMART Controller ........................................................................9
3.1 Short Description of each Smart Controller Module ...............................................................10
3.2 Overlay Networking Module.............................................................................................................17
4 Conclusions............................................................................................................................25
5 References..............................................................................................................................26
List of Figures
Figure 1 — ARCADIA Framework Overview..........................................................................................................................8
Figure 2 – Overall components of the orchestrator ......................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3 – Agent Module............................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 4 – Annotation Interpreter............................................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 5 – Available Annotations.............................................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 6 – Automated Generation of Agent Business Logic.......................................................................................... 12
Figure 7 – API definitions............................................................................................................................................................. 13
Figure 8 – Smart Controller Entry Point................................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 9 – Policy Enforcement Engine ................................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 10 – IaaS Adapters’ module.......................................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 11 – Core Orchestrator Logic....................................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 12 – Business Logic for three Repositories ........................................................................................................... 16
Figure 13 – REST Layer of all modules................................................................................................................................... 16
Figure 14 – Unikernel Management........................................................................................................................................ 16
Figure 15 – General-purpose Business Logic...................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 16 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 1 .................... 19
Figure 17 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 2 .................... 20
Figure 18 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 3 .................... 21
Figure 19 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 1....................................... 22
Figure 20 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 2....................................... 23
Figure 21 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 3....................................... 24
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Acronyms
API Application Programming Interface
CAE Cloud Applications Embedding
DoW Description of Work
HDA Highly Distributed Application
IaaS Infrastructure as a Service
JVM Java Virtual Machine
LXC Linux Container
NFV Network Function Virtualisation
NFVI Network Functions Virtualisation Infrastructure
NV Network Virtualisation
OS Operating System
PM Physical Machine
PoP Point of Presence
QoS Quality of Service
SDN Software Defined Networking
VDCE Virtual Data Centre Embedding
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VNE Virtual Network Embedding
VNF Virtual Network Function
VPN Virtual Private Network
WP Work Package
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1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose and Scope
This deliverable provides details with regards to the first version of the integrated ARCADIA Smart
Controller implementation, based on the development status at M18 of the project. It actually builds upon
the results presented at D3.1 [1], where the implementation status of the discrete components of the
ARCADIA Smart Controller were provided at M15 of the project. Further information concerning the
updated implementation status per component along with information concerning the overall
integration activities are given.
The ARCADIA Smart Controller is responsible for the deployment of distributed applications over the
available programmable infrastructure and their management during the execution time, triggering re-
configurations where required based on the defined optimization objectives and policies, on behalf of the
application developer and the services provider. It consists of a set of components covering deployment
aspects, optimisation aspects during deployment and runtime, policies enforcement during runtime,
management of the available compute, storage and network resources, application packaging,
networking and monitoring and analysis functionalities.
Upon the specification and the initial development of each component, a set of integration activities were
realised for providing the first version of the ARCADIA Smart Controller. This version supports a service
graph placement over programmable infrastructure along with the application of deployment and
runtime policies, the management of the available networking and computational resources and the
execution of set of monitoring and data management mechanisms. The set of components and
mechanisms developed are totally in line with the specification provided in D2.3 that regards the
description of the ARCADIA framework.
Given the type of the deliverable is “Other” and it mainly refers to the delivery of the developed software,
the current document is considered as accompanying material providing details with regards to the
source code development, the organization and management of the ARCADIA Github repository and the
main functionalities and interconnection interfaces provided per component. The current version is
going to be updated in order to produce the final version, following the release of the final integrated
Smart Controller implementation at M24 of the project.
1.2 Relation with other WPs
This deliverable is provided within the framework of WP3, however the provided results are going to be
exploited by other WPs and mainly by WP4 – “ARCADIA Development Toolkit” and WP5 – “Use Cases
Implementation and Evaluation”. In WP4, the ARCADIA Smart Controller is interconnected with the
developed Web IDE plugin, facilitating the automated submission of distributed applications developed
based on the ARCADIA software development paradigm to the ARCADIA Repository, where service
graphs may be instantiated and orchestrated -over the registered programmable infrastructure- by the
Smart Controller.
Furthermore, the release of the first version of the integrated Smart Controller is crucial for WP5
activities. Specifically, the first phase of implementation of the ARCADIA use cases that is going to be
completed by M24 of the project is going to be based on the first version of the Smart Controller. Feedback
from the deployments in the three ARCADIA use cases will be also provided to WP3 for
improvements/extensions towards the release of the final version of the integrated Smart Controller.
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2 The ARCADIA Framework
In this section, we briefly recall the architecture of the ARCADIA Framework and the role of the Smart
Controller.
The ARCADIA framework consists of a set of components covering in a holistic way the development,
deployment and management of applications in runtime over the available programmable infrastructure.
A high level overview of the ARCADIA framework is provided in Figure 1 (including some implementation
specific indications). In the upper level of the framework, a set of components are made available for
designing, developing and deploying HDAs. The set of components are used by software developers
towards the development of applications following the ARCADIA software development paradigm, as
well as service providers towards the design of services graphs along with their mapping with policies.
In the middle level of the framework, the ARCADIA Smart Controller deploys the applications over the
available programmable infrastructure and manages the application during the execution time triggering
re-configurations where required based on the defined optimization objectives and policies, on behalf of
the application developer and the services provider. In the lower level of the framework, management of
the available compute, storage and network resources is realized along with establishment of the
required monitoring and signaling probes for the real-time management of the instantiated components
and links.
Figure 1 — ARCADIA Framework Overview
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Following, we are providing more details with regards to the components included in the ARCADIA Smart
Controller. In more detail, the Smart Controller includes the following components: (i) the Deployment
Manager that is responsible for the complex task of undertaking the deployment model instance and
“translating” it into optimal deployment configuration taking under consideration the registered
programmable resources, the current situation in the deployment ecosystem and the applied policies;
(ii) the Optimisation Engine that proactively adjusts of the running configuration as well as reactively
triggers re-configurations in the deployment plan, based on measurements that derive from the
monitoring components of the Smart Controller (Monitoring and Analysis Engine) and the existing
policies as provided by the Policy Enforcement component. The ultimate goals of the Optimisation Engine
are two: a) zero-service disruption and b) re-assurance of optimal configuration across time; (iii) the
Policy Enforcement component which assures that the imposed policies on behalf of the Service Provider
are adhered across the applications operational lifecycle; (iv) the Execution Manager that is responsible
for the execution of the deployment plan based on the instantiation of the required components and the
links among them, according to the denoted service graph in the deployment script. The Execution
Manager is also responsible for implementing the monitoring mechanisms required per component and
service graph for the collection of the information required by the denoted monitoring hooks. Such
information is then provided to the Monitoring and Analysis Engine for further processing; (v) the
Programmable Resource Manager that exposes a specific interface where programmable resources are
registered and managed (reserved/released). Programmable resources can span from configured IaaS
frameworks, programmable physical switching/routing equipment, programmable firewalls, application
servers, modularized software entities (databases, HTTP proxies etc.). Allocation/Release of resources is
realised upon requests provided by the Deployment Manager; (vi) the Monitoring and Analysis Engine
that is responsible for collecting the required information –as defined by the monitoring hooks per
component and service graph- and supporting the extraction of insights and predictions upon analysis.
The considered software components per service graph are deployed in a multi-IaaS environment along
with the associated mechanisms for supporting signalling and measurement feeds. Monitoring feeds to
these mechanisms are provided based on information collected by the ARCADIA Agent that is included
within each ARCADIA component.
3 Integrated version of SMART Controller
The Smart Controller consists of several subcomponents that reflect the high level architecture that has
been thoroughly described. Although the nature of the deliverable is ‘other’, the purpose of this
deliverable is to provide a companion regarding the navigation to the Smart Controller source code. The
source code is organized using Maven1 technology in order to assure the overall quality of the project.
According to this technology, each separate high level software ‘artefact’ is addressed as module. At
present, the Smart Controller consists of 15 artefacts. We will briefly discuss them in the following
section.
1 https://maven.apache.org/
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3.1 Short Description of each Smart Controller Module
Figure 2 depicts the overall components of the Smart Controller alphabetically sorted. The modules
‘sample-component-leaf’ and ‘sample-component-root’ will be relocated in the final version of the
controller; thus they will not be discussed.
Figure 2 – Overall components of the orchestrator
The purpose of the ‘Agent’ module is to provide the thin-layer that wraps all Arcadia components in order
to make them interoperable with the controller. Therefore, the Agent is responsible to handle all signals
that relate to service graph deployment, service graph undeployment and policy enforcement. The Agent
interface and the signal handling business logic is provided to classes of this module as depicted on Figure
3.
The next module is the ‘Annotation Interpreter’. As already described in D3.1[1] and D3.2[2] one of the
most sophisticated features of the ARCADIA approach is the automatic creation of formal meta-models
regarding the ARCADIA components, the ARCADIA service graphs and the ARCADIA deployment models.
Automation is achieved through the specific module (Figure 4Figure 3). More specifically, this module is
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responsible to process a binary archive (that is submitted through the ARCADIA IDE) and create formal
models. Binary handling introspection techniques are used in order to achieve the goals of the module.
Figure 3 – Agent Module
Figure 4 – Annotation Interpreter
Moreover, the module ‘annotations’ provides all the definitions of the ARCADIA Annotations that can be
used during development. Since ARCADIA Annotations are JSR-250 Java annotations2 they are formally
Java interfaces that follow a specific syntactic convention according to the aforementioned standard. At
present, 14 discrete annotations can be used as depicted on Figure 5.
2 https://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=250
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Figure 5 – Available Annotations
Furthermore, beyond the automated generation of the modelling artefacts, that is driven by the
annotations and performed by the annotation interpreter, one of the crucial functionalities is the auto-
generation of a REST management interface on-top of each component that is deployed as depicted on
Figure 6.
Figure 6 – Automated Generation of Agent Business Logic
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During the development of all modules the inversion of control (IOC) principle is heavily used. This
practically means that when a module depends to another module the dependency is declared using only
its interface. The real binding happens during runtime. This pattern totally decouples the module
development yet it raises one consideration; each module has to publish its interface to a common
module which is the API module (Figure 7).
Figure 7 – API definitions
The next module is called ‘app’ and it constitutes the entry the point of the entire project (Figure 8). It is
the module that is primarily executed in order to bootstrap the entire Smart Controller. The execution
context along with the initialization parameter binding is performed in the specific module.
Figure 8 – Smart Controller Entry Point
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The next module is addressed as ‘expertsystem’ (Figure 9). As the name denotes, this component
encapsulates a formal expert system based on Drools3. This expert system is used in order to achieve
policy enforcement. In other words, ARCADIA policies are practically transformed in formal expert
system rules that are executed in the engine.
Figure 9 – Policy Enforcement Engine
One of the major benefits of the Smart Controller is its ability to interconnect with multiple IaaS providers
(Figure 10). Resources from multiple providers may be registered and used towards the deployment
process. To do so, the service locator pattern has been used in order to decouple the IaaS-specific
implementation with the API of the IaaS interaction.
3 http://www.drools.org/
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Figure 10 – IaaS Adapters’ module
The core module of the Smart Controller is the ‘orchestrator’ (Figure 11). These modules contains the
implementation of the entire orchestration logic that is required in order to perform service graph
management.
Figure 11 – Core Orchestrator Logic
As already described in D3.1[1] and D3.2[2], the ARCADIA Smart Controller requires three different types
of persistency engines in order to be fully operational. More specifically, it requires one relational
database for transaction-intensive data, one NoSQL repository for scalable storage of “write-once/read-
many” data and one graph database for efficient querying of graphs. All business logic that relates to these
repositories is provided in the repository module (Figure 12).
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Figure 12 – Business Logic for three Repositories
In an analogous manner with the 'api' module, which encapsulates all the public exposable interfaces of
all modules (that can be chained) the rest module (Figure 13) encapsulates the REST business logic of
all modules.
Figure 13 – REST Layer of all modules
Finally, the last two modules are the ‘unikernel’ (Figure 14) and the ‘util’ (Figure 15). On the one hand,
the ‘unikernel’ encapsulates all business logic that related to the lifecycle management of the unikernels
i.e. their generation and their instantiation/management. On the other hand, the ‘util’ module
encapsulates business logic that is considered horizontal (e.g. security handling).
Figure 14 – Unikernel Management
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Figure 15 – General-purpose Business Logic
3.2 Overlay Networking Module
Given that the implementation of overlay networking part is not detailed in D3.1 (it was not available at
that time), we provide some further information regarding the supported functionalities and the
implementation details.
Establishment of communication among nodes in a multiple-IaaS environment and support of routing
among them is based on an overlay routing approach, based on the configuration and adaptation of the
Open Overlay Router (OOR) [3]. The OOR project aims to deliver a flexible and modular open-source
implementation to deploy programmable overlay networks. It leverages on encapsulating overlay-
specific packets into underlay-compatible packets at the edges of the instantiated overlay and route them
over the physical underlying infrastructure. In order to do so, it maps overlay identifiers to underlay
locators and keeps those mappings updated over time. In the current version, OOR uses:
- LISP 4protocol for the control-plane (e.g. mapping retrieval and updating, etc);
- NETCONF5/YANG6 for the management-plane (e.g. overlay identifiers provisioning, etc);
- can use both LISP and VXLAN-GPE headers for encapsulation.
Overlay network creation
Before placing a service graph, an OOR instance must be created and initialized in order to establish the
underlying logical connections. Therefore, in each involved IaaS, at least one OOR instance must be
operational so as to pass internal traffic. The initialisation steps include:
1. the creation of a new tenant or the use of an existing one (see Figure 16- method createTenant());
2. the creation of a new network or the use of an existing one (see Figure 16 - method
createNetwork());
4 Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP), http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/ios-nx-os-
software/locator-id-separation-protocol-lisp/index.html
5 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6241
6 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6020
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3. the creation of a new subNet and its addition to the above network or the use of an existing one
(see Figure 17 method createSubNet());
4. the creation of a new logical router, or the use of an existing one, for IaaS central management
purposes (see Figure 17 method createLogicalRouter());
5. the creation of a new security group, or the use of an existing one, so as to create traffic rules for
our instances (see Figure 18 method createSecGroup());
6. the creation of the OOR instance and the update of its configuration file to include the above
created subnetworks and MS/MR address or the use of an existing instance (see Figure 18
method createVMInstance()).
As soon as the instance is created and the communication links are updated, the overlay network has
been established.
Service Graph Placement
For the service graph placement, a set of further steps are required. These steps include the initialization
of a finite number of unikernel instances that represent the actual implementation of the various services
constructed in Arcadia's’ graph editor, as follows:
1. the initialization of the grounded service (see Figure 19 method initialize());
2. the creation of the vm instance (see Figure 19 method createVMInstance());
3. the upload of the required payload to the created instance-overlay net (see Figure 20 method
uploadPayLoadToVM());
4. the initialization of the Arcadia’s vm signaling protocol (see Figure 20 method
initializeVMSignalingHandlerAgent() and Figure 21method startSignalingProtocol()).
19. Figure 16 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 1
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Figure 17 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 2
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Figure 18 – Creation & initialization of an OOR VM instance for overlay networking – Part 3
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Figure 19 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 1
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Figure 20 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 2
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Figure 21 – Initialisation of a graph instance that represents a graph’s leaf – Part 3
25. 4 Conclusions
This deliverable described the first version of the implementation of the integrated ARCADIA Smart
Controller. Upon a short revision of the ARCADIA framework, the Smart Controller componentization
along with the functionalities that have to be supported per component are provided. Following,
implementation details and description of the current development status is given, based on the source
code organization in the ARCADIA Github repository. Since the main content of the deliverable regards
the developed software, access details to the available source code are provided.
The provided integrated Smart Controller implementation is going to be used in WP5 towards the
instantiation of the ARCADIA use cases. In each use case, usage of part or all the Smart Controller
components is envisaged. Upon the realisation of the first round of use cases implementation, useful
feedback is going to be provided to WP3 for updating/extending the ongoing Smart Controller
implementation.
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5 References
[1] Deliverable D3.1 – “Implementation of the discrete components of the Smart Controller V1”, ARCADIA
H2020 Project.
[2] Deliverable D2.3 – “”, ARCADIA H2020 Project, Available Online: http://arcadia-framework.eu/.
[3] Open Overlay Router, Available Online: http://www.openoverlayrouter.org/