This presentation accompanies course work for recertification in Cat 35 in Georgia. This is appropriate for commercial pesticide applicators. Please go to https://myaua.org/course-overview/courses-content/ to view all courses available.

1. Institutiona
l and
Industrial
Pest Control
Super
Refresher
(GDA Approval Number
R20-00914; this is also
the course #.)
Recertification Credit: 1 CEU
Institutional and Industrial Pest
Control (Cat 35)
Jeremiah Ebenzee Spence, M.Sc.,
Instructor | Albany Unified
Academy
jspence@myaua.org
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2. Course Outline
10/31/2020
© 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except
where noted.
2
Ia. About MyAUA and Housekeeping……………………………Minutes: 2:00
• Background information on MyAUA and general instructions for the course and slide
deck.
Ib. Topic: Review | Safety, Use Guidelines, IPM and PPE………………….…Minutes: 15:00
 This section of the course will cover the basics of integrated pest management (IPM)
and relevant environmental science concepts. Topics to be covered include pesticide
safety, applicable laws/regulations, container rinsing and recycling, as well as the
water cycle and water safety. PowerPoint presentation.
II. Topic: Review | Entomology and Pest Primer……………………Minutes: 20:00
 This topic will cover entomology and relevant pest species for this category.
PowerPoint presentation.
III. Topic: Review | IPM for Schools, Apartments, and Food Processing
Plants…..Minutes: 10:00
 This topic will cover IPM guidelines for schools, apartment housing and food
processing plants. PowerPoint presentation.
IV. Topic: Video | IPM for Schools……………………………………………………………Minutes: 28:14
 The University of Nebraska-Lincoln discusses IPM for schools.
V. Topic: | Pesticide Panel and Application Method………….Minutes: 20:00
 This topic will cover the major types of pesticides, their chemistries, and
formulations as well as the application equipment used within category 35. Relevant
label and safety precautions will be discussed. PowerPoint presentation.
VI. Topic: Quiz | Multiple Choice………………………………………Minutes: 5:00 min
Total Minutes: 72:14

3. About MyAUA
• Founded in 2020 as a Georgia corporation.
Minority-led, seeking to promote diversity,
scholarship and service to humanity.
• MyAUA offers educational services, such as
exam preparation, tutoring, and custom writing
services, for students who are 3rd grade
through college.
• Also offers continuing education courses for
commercial pesticide applicators, which are
delivered in an online format.
• MyAUA delivers website design services as
well. So please inquire.
10/31/2020
© 2020 Academy of Understanding and Achievement. All
Rights Reserved.
3

4. Housekeeping
• Please compete the training record form. This is how you will
receive credit for the course complete. You need to have at
least a 70 on the quiz to receive credit for course.
• There is information to share in the notes section on some
slides. To turn on this section in PowerPoint, navigate to the
View tab on the main menu. Then click Notes under the Show
section (see blue outline). The notes will appear at the
bottom of the presentation.
• Alternatively, switch to Notes Page view under the Presentation
Views section on the View tab.
• You may receive a notification in PowerPoint to enable external
content. Please allow this content to view the videos attached
to this presentation10/31/2020
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4

5. Recertification
Requirements
Recertification of
commercial
applicators is
required every 5
years according to
the Georgia
Department of
Agriculture (GDA).
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6. Federal Rules and Regulations
• The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
(FIFRA) is the federal law or statute that regulates
the production, transportation, dale, use, and disposal
of pesticides. FIFRA is administered by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• The Worker Protection Standard provides protection of
agricultural workers and their family.
• According to the Federal Drug Administration
(FDA), tolerance is the EPA-established maximum residue
level of a pesticide chemical that is permitted in or
on a human or animal food in the United States. The
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996 sets safety
standards of pesticide tolerance levels.
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7. State-level Rules and
Regulations
• The Georgia Anti-Syphon Device Act protects
water supplies by requiring anti-syphon device
on systems delivering irrigation, pesticide,
and fertilizer.
• Georgia Pesticide Control Act of 1976 provides
for the regulation of pesticide use for
insects, weeds, pathogens, and rodents.
• Georgia Pesticide Use and Application Act of
1976, “regulates the labeling, distribution,
storage, transportation, use, and disposal of
pesticides.”
• Records of pesticide use should be kept for two
years for inspection following application.10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 7

8. Label and Labeling Defined
• Read the label: It’s the law!
• What is the difference between "label" and "labeling"?
• Pesticide law (FIFRA section 2(p)) defines the terms as
follows:
• The term label is defined as “the written, printed, or
graphic matter on, or attached to, the pesticide or device
or any of its containers or wrappers.”
• The term labeling is defined as “all labels and all other
written, printed, or graphic matter: (a) accompanying the
pesticide or device at any time; or (b) to which reference
is made on the label or in literature accompanying the
pesticide or device, except to current official publications
of the Environmental Protection Agency, the United States
Departments of Agriculture and Interior, and the Department
of Health and Human Services, State experiment stations,
State agricultural colleges, and other similar Federal or
State institutions or agencies authorized by law to conduct
research in the field of pesticides.”10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 8

9. Pesticide Registration
• Types of pesticide registrations:
o Section 3 are the most common type of registration, which are
represented by an EPA registration number.
o Special local need (SLN) as Section 24(c) provides legal
provisions for the use of pesticides outside current labeling.
Supplemental labeling must accompany each pesticide with SLN
registration.
o Emergency exemptions under Section 18 applies to non-labeled
pesticides for uses to address emergency pest threats.
o Minimum risk pesticides under Section 25(b) do not go through
the EPA registration process because of their safety.
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10. Safety Precautions
Toxic chemicals, such as pesticides can harm the skin, eyes,
nose and throat and cause dizziness and muscle spasms.
Excessive contact, particularly with some concentrates, can
cause organ system failure.
Pesticides are mostly received, transferred, mixed, stored
and applied in closed systems. However, occasional leaks can
present sources of human exposure, thus, potential dermal
exposure of employees is usually minimal except for
maintenance and cleanup jobs.
Constant, careless and accidental dermal or respiratory
exposure, however, can cause short or even long-term
health effects.
Exposure to pesticides can occur while handling and mixing
the chemicals, working around spray operations,
cleaning/servicing equipment, or disposing of wastes. Systems
for handling the chemicals helps to reduce potential exposure
but does not eliminate the possibility of some routine or
accidental exposure for workers.
Because of the potential hazard of pesticides, there are EPA
label requirements for their handling and use. In addition to
the potential hazards of chronic toxicity, a single or short-
term exposure may cause acute health effects such as:
•Eye irritation, irreversible eye damage
•Allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if
inhaled
•Mild skin irritation, allergic skin reaction, or skin
burns
•Respiratory irritation.
10 10/31/2020
© 2020 Academy of Understanding and Achievement. All Rights
Reserved.
The risk associated with pesticides
comes from personal exposure during
their application process.
Pesticides can harm the body in
three ways:
 Contact (skin)
 Ingestion (oral)
 Inhalation (respiratory)

11. Other Safety Precautions
• Don't eat, drink or smoke in the work area; worker's hands can transmit residues
to whatever they touch.
• Wash hands often, especially before using the restroom, smoking or eating.
• Remove gloves to handle paperwork, phones or equipment that others may handle
with unprotected hands.
• At commercial treatment plants, protective clothing must be left at the
plant. If work clothes must be washed at home, keep them separate from other
laundry.
• Individuals who enter pressure treatment cylinders and other related
equipment that is contaminated with the wood treatment solution (such as
cylinders that are in operation or are not free of the solution) must wear
protective clothing, including overalls, jacket, gloves, and boots impervious to
the wood treatment solution, and a respirator.
• Work Practices and Protective Clothing
• Protective clothing requirements will be specified on the product label
attached to the container. It is imperative that the label requirements on
these preservatives be strictly adhered to.
• Posting Documentation and Technical Data
• Certain documentation is available on site when chemicals are used, such as:
• Read Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), available for each treating compound as shown in included
examples.
• Read Technical data sheets, available from manufacturer and/or vendor.
• Read toxicity data, available from the manufacturer.
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12. Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
According to the GDA, the pesticide(s) you use will determine
what PPE is necessary.
In general, PPE includes:
• Long sleeves and pants (disposable sleeves are also an
acceptable alternative to long sleeves)
• Close-toed, non-porous shoes or boats
• Impervious gloves
Labels often require nitrile gloves, or unlined gloves that will
not absorb chemicals.
• Eye and/or face protection (goggles or face shield)
• Head covering
• Safety equipment must be in good, working condition.
• Dust/mist filtering respirator10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 12

13. Container Rinsing and
Recycling
• Some labels call for triple rinsing
and recycling of pesticide
containers.
• Recycling spares the environment of
unnecessary waste and is a green
solution which should be utilized.
• Please read more about this here.
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14. Georgia Clean Day
• Georgia Department of Agriculture Clean Day is
an annual program that offers users the
opportunity to dispose of old, unusable, or
cancelled pesticides to a hazardous waste
contractor for disposal.
• Contact GDA for details: Rick Hayes
(mailto:ricky.hayes@agr.georgia.gov)
Pesticide Program Special Projects
Clean Day Program
Tele: (404)-656-4958
Fax: (404)-657-8378
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15. Pest Problems
• Pests become resistance when they become less
susceptible to control measures.
• According to CropLife International, the
overuse of pesticides has led to the following:
Development of pest resistance to pesticides…pest
resurgence, the development of secondary pests into
major pests, an increase in pesticide use, an increase
in production costs, and uneconomic crop production.
These effects have resulted in production of those
crops being abandoned, as well as the contamination of
food, water and soil.
Source: CropLife International (2011). Trainee Manual: Introduction to Integrated Pest
Management. [Available Online] Accessed 6 August 2020. https://croplife.org/wp-
content/uploads/pdf_files/IPM-Trainee-Manual-2011-update.pdf
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16. The Water Cycle
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17. Off-target Movement of
Pesticides
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Point Source Pollution:
• Run-off
• Drift
• Leaching
See notes section for
more details.
Source: Tops Water Protection
Source: BASF

18. Integrated Pest Management
(IPM)
•Involves holistic practices of
pest management, using the most
effective tools to control pest
populations.
•IPM provides safe methods to
minimize the negative effects of
pesticide use.
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19. Components of IPM
The steps of IPM include the following:
 Inspection of site and identification of pests.
 Monitoring of pest threshold levels (e.g., economic threshold
or ET is the level or pest density per unit area at which
pest control methods are required before the pest reaches the
economic injury level or EIL, which is equal to the lowest
number of pests that will cause damage equal to the cost of
pest control. The ET should be set below the EIL. An action
threshold (AT), “is the pest level at which some type of pest
management action must be taken.” AT is zero for some pests.
General equilibrium level is the average population density.
 Develop pest management protocol.
 Evaluate and record results.
 IPM recommends “spot treatments or using reduced rates of
pesticides” O’Conner-Marer (2006).
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20. IPM (cont’d)
• IPM involves several control methods, including:
• Biological control, which is the introduction of a natural enemy or
predator to manage pest populations (e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis
israelensis, Bti is used to control mosquito larvae).
• Genetic control creates organisms that are less susceptible to pests.
These organisms are called transgenetic because their genes have
been changed to include information from another species (e.g., use of
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, Bti and Roundup Ready crops).
• Chemical control is the use of toxic substances to manage pests
(e.g., the use of pesticides or herbicides).
10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 20

21. IPM (cont’d)
• Mechanical control uses barriers to prevent
entry of pests (e.g., fencing and screening
around a perimeter to block pest entry).
• Cultural control involves habits that
decrease pest populations (e.g., taking out
the garbage regularly as well as other
sanitary measures, regular mowing and
irrigation).
• Regulatory control by quarantine and
ordinance hopes to prevent the introduction
of pests into certain environments.
Quarantine prevents pests from entering areas
which are free from pests. Total elimination
of pests is called eradication.
10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 21

22. Key Terms
● Toxicity is the measurement of potential harm caused by a substance, e.g.,
pesticide.
● Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure. “Hazard, or risk, is the true concern for the
applicator or handler. It is the potential or probability for harm (injury,
illness, or allergy) to occur because of the combination of the product’s innate
toxicity and the level of human exposure.”
o The signal word indicates the toxicity: Danger-Poison, Danger, Caution, and
Warning. Pesticides that contain the word Danger are very toxic and cause
irreparable skin and eye damage.
o All labels contain, the statement, “Keep out of the reach of children,” unless
waived by EPA.
o Classification of pesticide is determined by toxicity, use and effect on the
environment.
● Toxicity: local (contact) symptoms or effects vs. systemic (acute or chronic).
● Acute toxicity is described by LD50 or LC50 values. The lower the LD50 value of a
pesticide, the less it takes to kill 50% of the population of test animals.
Therefore, the greater the toxicity of the chemical.
● The unit of measurement for the LD50 is milligrams of pesticide per kilogram of
the test animal’s body weight (mg/kg). LD50 is stated for oral and dermal routes
10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 22

23. 10/31/2020
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where noted.
23
Pesticide Formulations
Types Abbreviation Overview Advantages Disadvantages Uses
Emulsifiable
concentrates
EC Liquid;
oil-
soluble
active
ingredien
t (a.i.)
Will not clog or
damage sprayer; easy
to pour, transport,
and handle; leave
residual for up to
28-90 days
High [a.i.] leads to
overdosing or
underdosing;
phytotoxic; absorption
through skin is
common; flammable;
solvents causes wear
and tear
To control insects
and weeds around
the buildings.
Low Concentrate
Solutions
S; RTU, RTS Liquid;
ready-to-
use;
contain
1% or
less
active
ingredien
t.
Mixing not required,
thus toxicity is
reduced.
Not widely
distributed; expensive
Can be used to
control a wide
variety of pest and
lawn care
Concentrated
Solutions
C; LC; or
WSC/WSL
Liquid;
concentra
ted a.i.;
which
must be
mixed
with
solvent.
No residues left; do
not clog equipment;
easy to handle. Do
not require excessive
agitation.
High risk of
absorption through
skin; not widely
distributed.
Good for weed
control.
Baits B Liquid or
solid;
contains
low
amount
(5% or
less) of
a.i.
Can be used to
control ants; roaches
and rodents; covers
defined territory;
gel baits are
odorless with minimal
toxicity
Need to be refilled
often; bait shyness is
common. Children and
pets could be harmed;
can causes residue;
risk of cross-
contamination with
other pesticides and
Stations are mixed
with water or other
food and placed
near pest habitat;
Good for insects,
rodents, birds, or
slugs.

24. 10/31/2020
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24
Warfarin is water soluble and comes ready-to-
use as baits or for dilution as a concentrate,
powder, and liquid concentrate. Lastly,
warfarin is available as a nylon pouch, coated
talc and dust.
Formulations of this pesticide mixed with
pindone, calciferol, and sulphaquinoxaline are
also available.
Pesticide Preview:
Warfarin—rodenticide and anticoagulant

25. Pesticide Preview:
Warfarin—rodenticide and anticoagulant
10/31/2020
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where noted.
25
Warfarin is a major anticoagulant, which produces death
in rodents by internal bleeding.
• General Use classification.
• Young pigs can be harmed by this pesticide, however
other animals, including humans are less susceptible
(1).
• Signal Word: Danger for high concertation and
Caution for low concentration, such as ready-to-use
baits.
• Warfarin is teratogenic, which means it causes birth
defects.
• Trade names include the following: Cov-R- Tox®, Co-
Rax®, d-Con®, Dethmor, Mar-Fin®, and Rattunal®. (2-

26. Metamorphosis
• Incomplete metamorphosis involves egg, several
nymph stages, which resemble adult. Insects
that go through incomplete metamorphosis
include cockroaches, termite and bed bugs.
• Complete metamorphosis is characterized by
four stages: egg, larval, pupal, and adult
forms. Insect that go through complete
metamorphosis includes bees, ants, and the red
flour beetle.
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27. Entomology and Pest Primer
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Stored-product pests, such as the sawtoothed grain beetle (left
below) and the merchant grain beetle (right below), spoil foods
with their waste products and webbing. Therefore, these pests
warrant control.
From L-R: Sawtoothed grain and merchant grain beetles. Note the
prominent jagged or sawtooth edge of the thorax on both animals,
however, the merchant grain beetle has a smaller, more
rectangular head.

28. Pest Primer (cont’d)
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From left to right: Deer tick and
brown dog tick
Source: Wikipedia Commons

29. Pest Primer (cont’d)
10/31/2020
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where noted.
29

30. Action of Organophosphates
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Source: University of Washington
Organophosphates
block the action of
acetylcholinesterase,
causing
overstimulation of
nerves. See notes
section for more
details.

31. Institutional Pest Control
IPM Program for Schools
Care should taken around schools because younger
individuals have higher chances for pesticide
poisoning due to their, “small size, higher metabolic
rate, and an [immature] immune system.”
 Pesticides used around schools should have high
LD50 (low acute toxicity).
 Pesticides should not act on nontargets and be species
specific.
 Pests shouldn’t be tolerant or resistance to
pesticides.
 Should act to kill immediate problem in emergency
situation, but be slower acting in others10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 31

32. IPM for Schools (Video)
10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 32
This video is
published by
the
University of
Nebraska-
Lincoln
Extension
Service.

33. IPM for multi-family housing
•Using monitoring to identify pests.
•The EPS recommends, “eliminating nesting places
as well as sources of food and water for pests.”
•Wash containers that are to be recycled.
•Eliminate garbage.
•Use mechanical methods to exclude pests from
interior areas.
•Community participation is encouraged to
implement pest management measures.
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34. IPM for food processing plants
Insect Control
• Food sources and roof puddles should be
removed.
• Garbage dumps should not be located near open
doors.
• Standing water should be eliminated and
cleaning should be regular
• Electric lamps and sticky traps are also
recommended.
Rodent Control
• Remove old pallets and use mechanical devices
to exclude pests. Follow remove of garbage
and standing water as with insect control.
10/31/2020 © 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 34

35. Emergency Response Plan
• Every pesticide
applicator needs to
follow an emergency
response plan,
detailing the actions
that should be taken
in response to a fire,
transportation
accident, chemical
spill, or natural
disaster.
• In case of an
emergency, first call
911.
• The next slide has
important numbers to
call in case of an
emergency.
© 2020 Albany Unified Academy. All rights reserved except where noted. 10/31/2020 35

36. Emergency Response Contacts
American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC)
515 King Street
Suite 510 |
Alexandria, VA 22314
Toll-Free: 1-800-222-1222
https://www.aapcc.org/
Animal Poison Control Center (APCC)
424 E. 92nd Street
New York, NY 10128-6804
Toll-Free: 1-888-426-4435
(A $65 consultation fee applies, but up to 90% of this
charge is covered if the animal has the ASPCA Pet Health
Insurance.)
https://www.aspcapetinsurance.com/veterinarians/apcc-
animal-poison-control-center/
CHEMTREC
2900 Fairview Park Drive
Falls Church, VA 22042
Toll-Free: 1-800-424-9300
https://www.chemtrec.com/
Georgia Department of Agriculture
Pesticide Division
19 M.L.K. Jr. Drive SW
Room 410
Atlanta, GA 30334
Phone: 404-656-4958
Fax: 404-657-8378
http://agr.georgia.gov/pesticides.aspx
Georgia Department of Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Division
2 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive SE
Suite 1456, East Tower
Atlanta, GA 30334
Air Branch: 404-363-7000
Land Branch: 404-362-2537
Watershed Branch: 404-463-1511
Wildlife Resources Division: 770-918-6401
Emergency Operations Center: 1-800-241-4113
https://epd.georgia.gov/
Georgia State Patrol
Post 40
830 Liberty Expressway, SE
Albany, GA 31705
Phone: 229-430-6585
Dial *477 on mobile phone for spills on public roadways.
National Capital Poison Center (NCPC)
National Poison Control Hotline (human or animal)
(Spanish speakers available) (800) 222-1222
3201 New Mexico Avenue, Suite 310,
Washington, DC 20016
Phone: 202-362-3867
Emergency phone: (Spanish speakers available) 1-800-222-
1222
Fax: 202-362-8377
Email: pc@poison.org (Provide your name, address, and
phone number via email.)
https://www.poison.org/
National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC)
Oregon State University
310 Weniger Hall
Corvallis, OR 97331-6502
Toll-Free: 1-800-858-7378
Email: npic@ace.orst.edu
http://npic.orst.edu/
National Response Center (NRC)
U.S. Coast Guard Sector San Diego
2710 N. Harbor Dr.
San Diego, CA 92101
Toll-Free: 1-800-424-8802
NRC Watch Email: NRC@uscg.mil
University of Georgia (UGA) Cooperative Extension
Dougherty County Cooperative Extension
125 Pine Ave, Suite 100
Albany, GA 31701-2545
Phone: 229-436-7216
Fax: 229-436-6760
Email: uge4095@uga.edu
https://extension.uga.edu/county-offices/dougherty.html
UGA Pesticide Safety Education
Dr. Milton Taylor (Program Coordinator)
0413 Biological Science,120 Cedar St.
Athens, GA 30602 0000
(706) 540-4108
Email: mickeyt@uga.edu
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 4
Valerie Nowell
Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center
61 Forsyth Street, SW
Atlanta, GA 30303-8960
Email: nowell.valerie@epa.gov
Phone: (404) 562-9555
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Chief, Endangered Species
1875 Century Blvd., Suite 200
Atlanta, GA 30345
http://www.fws.gov/southeast/endangered-species-act/
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37. Conclusion
Please take time to complete the
quiz. And thank you for
completing this course. If you
have any questions, please
contact MyAUA at
jspence@myaua.org.
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