1. Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in the US enacted between 1879 and 1965 86
years. They mandated de June racial segregation in all public faculties in southern states of
the former confederacy, with starting in 1890, a “separate but equal” status form African
American. Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in us constitutional law that justified
systems of segregation ouner the doctrine services facilities and public accommodations
were allowed to be separated by race.
Illinois
1927: Housing [Municipal Code] Chicago adopted racially restrictive housing covenants
beginning in 1927, although other tactics had been used in earlier years to maintain a
segregated city. At one time, as much as 80 percent of the city may have been covered by
restrictive covenants. In 1924, Nathan MacChesney, a prominent Chicago attorney and a
member of the Chicago Planning Commission, drafted an addition to the Code of Ethics of
the National Association of Real Estate Boards that "forbade realtors to introduce members
of any race or nationality" into neighborhoods where their presence would damage
property values. In 1927, MacChesney drafted a model racial restrictive covenant for the
Chicago Real Estate Board, solely targeting African Americans. The Chicago Real Estate
Board promoted the covenant to YMCAs, churches, women's clubs, PTAs, Kiwanis clubs,
chambers of commerce and property owners' associations. Hyde Park, Woodlawn, Park
Manor, South Shore, and other neighborhoods on Chicago's South Side adjacent to the so-
called "black belt," responded as well as outlying Chicago neighborhoods and suburbs.
Additionally, the University of Chicago was a strong supporter of the covenant campaign in
Washington Park, although they denied their affiliation for many years. In 1948, the United
States Supreme Court ruled that enforcement of racial restrictive covenants was
unconstitutional. The Supreme Court's ruling, however, did not put an end to the problem
of blacks finding adequate housing. Homeowner associations continued to push for
segregation. Shortly after the court decision, the Woodlawn Property Owners wrote: If the
colored people are convinced that life in Woodlawn would be unbearable, they would not
want to come in. There must be ways and means to keep whites from selling, causing
colored not to want to come in because life here would be unbearable. We are going to save
2. Woodlawn for ourselves and our children! (Deeds of Mistrust: Race, Housing, and
Restrictive Covenants in Chicago, 1900-1950)
In raisin in the sun, after mama got the money and decided to buy the house in the white
neighborhood mr.lender and the welcoming committee tried convince them to moved to a
more “suitable” neighborhood and was even willing to pay the younger more money than
they bought the house for.
![Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in the US enacted between 1879 and 1965 86
years. They mandated de June racial segregation in all public faculties in southern states of
the former confederacy, with starting in 1890, a “separate but equal” status form African
American. Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in us constitutional law that justified
systems of segregation ouner the doctrine services facilities and public accommodations
were allowed to be separated by race.
Illinois
1927: Housing [Municipal Code] Chicago adopted racially restrictive housing covenants
beginning in 1927, although other tactics had been used in earlier years to maintain a
segregated city. At one time, as much as 80 percent of the city may have been covered by
restrictive covenants. In 1924, Nathan MacChesney, a prominent Chicago attorney and a
member of the Chicago Planning Commission, drafted an addition to the Code of Ethics of
the National Association of Real Estate Boards that "forbade realtors to introduce members
of any race or nationality" into neighborhoods where their presence would damage
property values. In 1927, MacChesney drafted a model racial restrictive covenant for the
Chicago Real Estate Board, solely targeting African Americans. The Chicago Real Estate
Board promoted the covenant to YMCAs, churches, women's clubs, PTAs, Kiwanis clubs,
chambers of commerce and property owners' associations. Hyde Park, Woodlawn, Park
Manor, South Shore, and other neighborhoods on Chicago's South Side adjacent to the so-
called "black belt," responded as well as outlying Chicago neighborhoods and suburbs.
Additionally, the University of Chicago was a strong supporter of the covenant campaign in
Washington Park, although they denied their affiliation for many years. In 1948, the United
States Supreme Court ruled that enforcement of racial restrictive covenants was
unconstitutional. The Supreme Court's ruling, however, did not put an end to the problem
of blacks finding adequate housing. Homeowner associations continued to push for
segregation. Shortly after the court decision, the Woodlawn Property Owners wrote: If the
colored people are convinced that life in Woodlawn would be unbearable, they would not
want to come in. There must be ways and means to keep whites from selling, causing
colored not to want to come in because life here would be unbearable. We are going to save](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/in-130613131030-phpapp01/85/In-1-320.jpg)
