A presentation used in the development of ICT Strategic Plan for the Kenya School of Agriculture

1. ICT Usage in Agricultural Training Institutions in Kenya
Nicholas Kimolo
Email: nkimolo@gmail.com
Tel/WhatsApp: +254720349420
Skype: nixskm

2. 2
GENERAL OUTLOOK│
44.2
153.30
615.90
399.16
41.61
90.40
295.30
7.20
227.30
45.4
202.60
650.30
473.00
46.10
101.50
265.80
7.10
215.90
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Population Growth ('000,000)
TVET + TTC Enrollment ('000)
Volume of Marketed Milk ('000,000 Litres)
Tea ('000 Tonnes)
Coffee ('000 Tonnes)
Horticulture Exports (Earnings- Kshs B)
Maize-marketed Production ('000 Tonnes)
Sugarcane Production ('000,000 Tonnes)
Wheat-marketed production('000 Tonnes)
KEY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR STATISTICS
2016/2017 2015/2016
901
639
20
25
937
680
16
20
0 200 400 600 800 1,000
Growing of Crops (Kshs B)
Animal Production (Kshs B)
Fishing & Aquaculture (Kshs B)
Support activities in agriculture (Kshs B)
GDP PER AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY*
2016/2017 2015/2016
* Reduction in Fishing & Aquaculture + Support activities in Agriculture
1,585
3,592
1,653
3,809
- 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000
Total Agriculture GDP Contribution
(Kshs B)
Total GDP (Kshs B)
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GDP
CONTRIBUTION
2016/2017(43%) 2015/2016 (44%)

3. 3
GENERAL OUTLOOK│
20,541
55,308
77,465
153,314
36,915
84,736
80,905
202,556
- 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000
National Polytechnics & Technical Universities
Technical Training Institutes
Vocational Training Colleges
Overall TVET Enrollment
TVET ENROLLMENT*
2016/2017 2015/2016
*Increasing TVET Enrolment (Overall – 32%, TTI-53%,VTC-4%)
**Most employment in the informal sector – 83%
2,478.0
123.2
12,562.4
15,163.6
2,554.3
132.5
13,309.7
15,996.5
- 4,000.0 8,000.0 12,000.0 16,000.0
Wage Employees ('000)
Self-employed and unpaid family
workers('000)
Informal Sector('000)
Overall('000)
NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT SUMMARY**
2016/2017 2015/2016
294.00
42.9
336.90
294.5
42.2
336.7
0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00
Private Sector ('000)
Public Sector ('000)
Overall ('000)
WAGE EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURAL
SECTOR
2016/2017 2015/2016
336.90
336.70
2,478.00
2,554.30
- 500.00 1,000.00 1,500.00 2,000.00 2,500.00 3,000.00
2015/2016 (13.6% )
2016/2017 (13.18%)
WAGE EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
Total Wage Employment Wage Employment in Agricultural Sector

4. 4
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
280.00
35.50
7.09
85.40
54.00
61.00
75.00
311.10
39.40
12.50
85.90
59.00
71.00
179.00
0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00
Business generated (Kshs '000,000)
No. of Internet Users ('000,000) - Includes devices
Mobile Broadband Subscription Users('000,000)
Mobile Subscriptions Penetration (%age of Population)
Wireless subscriptions per 100 people
Mobile Money Subscription per 100 people
Fixed Networks (i.e Leased lines)-'000
2016/2017 2015/2016

5. 5
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
2,028,743 Mbps (2,029 Gbps) + All counties covered by Fiber optic cable

6. 6
ICT ENVIRONMENT│

7. 7
CURRENT STATE ASSEMENT│
Sufficient space to host and operate an ICT Shared resource center at the Nakuru Campus
Ongoing construction of a modern building to host ICT infrastructure at the main campus
A hotspot wireless network at the main campus with all campuses proximate to a fiber optic cable
A PSC approved establishment which caters the organization of the ICT function
All campuses are proximate to fiber optics cables
Basic ICT infrastructure – 5 PC, 5 Laptops, 2 LCD, 3 Printers, 3 UPS & 1 Photocopier.

8. 8
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
www.col.org
• 6 TTIs have an active Learning Management System
(LMS)
• 19 Institutions have trained their teachers on
professional use of computer packages
• 28 TTI’s never had any training on digital content
delivery and production
• Staff development a key priority with over 85% of the
institutions lacking necessary skills to operationalize
their
•88% of TTI’s with wireless Hotspots
•41 of 44 with institutional website
•Use of unlicensed or pirated software rampant
•80% indicate that violation of acceptable internet use
policy is the largest maintenance & support issue with
electricity disruption being the second
•See bandwidth and cost analysis slide for cost and
bandwidth comparisons
• Wide Inequality (Students to Computer ratios ranging
from 1:4 to 1:50 with lecturer ratios from 1:2 to 1:21 –
See computer ratios next slide
• 23 TTIs with no computer replacement plan in the
near future
• 35% of TTIs with computers older than 6 years
• 31 TTIs (70%) with no ICT Strategic Plan
• 10 TTIs with no ICT policy
• 24 with no dedicated ICT Support function
• Improved internet access, staff professional
development & increased end user computing
devices the 1,2,3 strategic priorities
ICT
Management
Computing
Resources
Flexible &
Blended
Learning
Internet &
Network
Access

9. 9
ICT ENVIRONMENT│

10. 10
ICT ENVIRONMENT│14
7
6
33
4
8
26
39
21
30
49
43
19
38
5
16
5
32
13
13
35
24
5
37
18
13
7
12
38
11
4
5
7
19
8
9
12
11
5
13
7
4
5
9
2
2
6
15
20
7
8
11
7
2
11
4
8
4
6
9
5
21
2
3
16
9
6
13
20
28
4
8
11
9
5
2
8
1
2
7
4
4
3
2
45
4
2
2
NO.OFSTUDENTS/LECTURESTOCOMPUTERRATIO
INSTITUTION NAME
COMPUTER RATIOS
Students to Computer Ratio Lecturer to Computer Ratio

11. 11
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
2,504.47
6,963.79
6,485.08
1,281.07
5,464.48
1,908.40
5,000.00
2,189.93
1,294.78
3,280.48
2,612.10
820.88
4,040.40
1,936.11
4,821.60
819.00
6,205.67
6,879.94
2,400.00
2,903.60
2,724.32
3,512.00
4,118.62
1,796.00
7,658.64
8,052.00
8,635.58
7,032.00
6,058.00
7,547.00
11,764.00
6,472.49
10,000.00
1,285.71
2,400.00
1,365.00
2,160.00
2,088.00
2,280.00
1,680.00
1,461.82
1,200.00
1,285.83
2,666.67
2,400.00
2,022.39
1,800.00
1,872.00
1,733.33
1,697.14
1,044.00
1,500.00
2,505.00
2,088.00
1,200.00
1,333.00
1,950.00
1,628.57
2,088.00
1,016.00
1,200.00
977.00
1,560.00
880.00
2,280.00
1,200.00
BANDWIDTH PER USER AND COST PER MBPS COMPARISONS
Bandwidth/User (Bps) Cost/Mbps (USD)

12. 12
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
STAKEHOLDER STAKEHOLDER OBJECTIVES & CONSIDERATIONS STRATEGIC INTERVENTIONS TO ACHIEVE STAKEHOLDERS
OBJECTIVES AND CONSIDERATIONS
STRATEGIES FOR OBTAINING SUPPORT
Learners (Students & Farmers)  Flexible and Modular Learning
 Opportunity for Creativity and Innovation/revolution & networking
 Clear careers paths in line with employable programs
 Entrepreneurial opportunities, skills and exposure / incubation
 Provide demand-driven, flexible & practical courses that give
room for student creativity and wider engagement
 Provide opportunities for mentorship from industry leaders,
employers & policy makers
 Effective feedback and evaluation
 Continuous feedback and progress tracking
feedback
 High level of automation & self-service e.g
application and selection, enrolment,
payments, examination schedules and results
etc
Trainers (Lecturers &
Instructors)
 Easier student assessment methods
 Access to funding opportunities especially for research
 Opportunities for career growth & capacity development
 Use of technology to optimize time and reduce mundane activities including digital
course content development, online facilitation and progress tracking
 Adequate access to facilities, networking opportunities and
relevant technologies
 Training and Support in Flexible & Blended Learning delivery
 Automated student assessment methods
 Access to research subscriptions, digital teaching materials,
online call for papers and conferences
 Partnership with industry in student mentorship and
supervision
 Access to digital resources
 Capacity building in FaB
Sponsors (Parents, Farmer
groups, Development
Partners, Employers etc)
 On time completion, good skills and competencies
 Real time/online monitoring of learner performance
 Low cost, high value training
 On time reports on student’s performance and attendance
 Recognised & Marketable courses
 Real time performance tracking
 Brand recognition
Administration (Management
& Non-Teaching Staff)
 Recognition/visibility as a leading research, teaching and learning institution
 Brand recognition
 Revenue generating
 Optimised use of existing resources
 Security & Stability (No disruptions in teaching and learning activities)
 Integrated School Management Information System (SMIS)
and Financial Administration System
 Use ICT as both a business enabler and communication tool
with new revenue channels
 Use technology to improve service delivery and the quality
of teaching and learning
 Development and roll-out of an effective
strategy
Government (MoALF, CDACC
(MoE&TT), ATVET, TVET
Authority, (MoE &TT), County
Governments)
 Regulatory Compliance
 Increase in outreach
 Performance Evaluation
 Curriculum Development, Certification and Accreditation
 Compliance and achievement of objectives  Constant reporting and involvement
Professional Bodies  Industry standards compliance
Trainers certification with professional bodies
 Searchable research database and student portfolios
 Compliance and Compliance Certifications
 Periodic engagement and involvement
Development Partners (e.g
NUFFIC-NICHE, CAADP, JICA,
AFDB etc)
 Reporting and Accountability
 Positive outcomes and outputs
 Proper and accurate accounting practices supported by
technology to ease reporting
 Metrics monitoring and evaluation
 Reporting and engagement as per agreements

13. 13
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
STRENGTHS (INTERNAL)
 Supportive management to implement technology mediated flexible and blended
learning
 Availability of seed capital from various development partners e.g NUFFIC-NICHE etc
 Qualified staff in their specific knowledge domain instrumental
 Institution starting from a clean slate.
 Well established campuses
 PSC approved staff establishment.
 Good learning environment
 The School is uniquely positioned to offer specialized courses and emerging
agricultural technologies e.g. the blue economy, horticulture etc
WEAKNESSES (INTERNAL)
 Unstable power supply
 Inadequate computing infrastructure
 Inadequate technical support staff in ICT
 Inadequate funding/resource allocation and declining funding
 Low ICT literacy and adoption
OPPORTUNITIES (EXTERNAL)
 Supportive legal framework (TVET Act) & KSA Bill (in the process of development)
 Reducing costs of bandwidth and cost of computing devices
 Increased availability of end user access devices
 Increased demand for Agricultural Technical Education and Blended Learning
 Global and national interest on food security and environmental conservation capacity
building/educational programmes
 Willing collaborating partners and donors to jumpstart the institution
 Growing opportunities in differentiated enterprises value chains
 ICT Savvy population
THREATS (EXTERNAL)
 Irregular funding from Government
 Possible competition from other educational institutions with online and digital
programmes in Kenya and beyond including transnational and trans-border education
 Possible High Staff Turnover and mobility

14. 14
ICT STRATEGY│
Student Centricity
(Improvement in T&L,
SMIS, Self-Service
Portal, Continuous
Progress Tracking)
Management
decision making
(Integrated financial,
accounting,
procurement and HR
System + Digital
Payment Systems)
Teaching & Learning
(Blended Learning
with Interactive T&L
activities)
Communication
(Internal & External
Communication –
Email, Groupware,
Social Media, Web
Portal, Knowledge
Repositories)
Vs
Educational
Technology
(Blended Learning
established:
Revenue Generation
+ Value addition to
F2F)
Infrastructure &
Network Services
(Infrastructure
Provisioning,
Networks and ICT
Security)
Applications
Systems
(Implementation of
SMIS and ERP)
ICT Risk
Management
(Project Planning,
Implementation,
M&E)

15. 15
ICT STRATEGY│
PREPARATION (6) Core Team, Design blue-prints, (Web Portal,VLE)
BASE INFRASTRUCTURE (12) Institutional LAN/WAN, DC, Email,
Computing devices & labs, Web Portal
CORE
APPLICATIONS (24)
SMIS, ERP, Self Service
Portal
ICT
OPERATIONS(12)
Service Standardisation, ICT
Governance, Policies & Procedures
FULL
INTEGRATION(6)
Value Added Services +
Seamless Integration
RESTART Review & Restrategise

16. 16
ICT ENVIRONMENT│
Opportunities abound in the use of Technology in Flexible and Blended Learning
“Starting from a clean slate” presents a great opportunity to avoid common pitfalls and leapfrog
Innovation & Creativity should be applied in the development of an ICT Strategy that will guarantee
maximum value at the most effective cost
Technology component of the strategy must address management information needs, service delivery
(Teaching& Learning Activities/processes ) and people aspects

17. 17
ICT STRATEGY│
Commitment of management to the strategy
Willingness and attitude of KSA’s staff and stakeholders to accept the levels of change required
Ability of KSA to absorb the amount of organisational, process and technological change required
Availability of resources to work on strategic projects
Ownership of the strategy by the departments/operational units.

18. Questions
Nicholas Kimolo
Email: nkimolo@gmail.com
Tel/WhatsApp: +254720349420
Skype: nixskm