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Humanitarian-Rights-Violations-And-Global-Response (1).pptx
- 1. Humanitarian Rights Violations AndGlobal Response Made by Aarushi Gupta 22102232 Akshat Nad 22102237 Avinav Sah 22102231 Priyanshu Agarwal 22102236 Sarthak Singhal 22102149
- 2. Humanitarian Rights Violations Humanitarianrights—sometimes called the “laws of war” or International Humanitarian Law (IHL)—are the protections and minimum guarantees afforded to people who are not (or no longer) participating in hostilities during armed conflict. Unlike peacetime human rights, which apply at all times, humanitarian rights kick in specifically once an armed conflict exists and are codified primarily in the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols
- 3. Key Examples ofHumanitarian Rights Protection of Civilians • Civilians may never be used as “human shields,” and attacks on purely civilian objects (homes, schools, hospitals) are prohibited. Care for the Wounded and Sick • Medical personnel and facilities must be respected and protected; medical vehicles and supplies may not be attacked. Prohibition of Torture and Inhuman Treatment • Torture, cruel or degrading treatment, corporal punishment, and outrages upon personal dignity are strictly forbidden.
- 4. WW2 Japan -Humanitarian Violations Violations: War Crimes: Nanjing Massacre (1937) killed 200,000+ civilians; widespread rape and looting. Forced Labor: Millions, including Koreans and Chinese, subjected to forced labor. Comfort Women: Up to 200,000 women coerced into sexual slavery for Japanese military. POW Abuse: Brutal treatment of Allied POWs; Bataan Death March (1942) killed thousands.
- 5. WW2 Japan -Global Political Impact 1 Post-War Order: • Established international war crimes tribunals (Tokyo Trials), shaping modern international law. • US occupation reformed Japan into a democratic ally, shifting Asia’s power balance. 2 Regional Tensions: • Ongoing disputes with China, South Korea over Japan’s war apologies and reparations. • Fuels nationalist sentiments in East Asia. 3 Global Norms: • Strengthened Geneva Conventions (1949) to protect civilians and POWs. • Set precedent for post-conflict reconciliation and accountability. The UN system plays a pivotal role in responding to humanitarian crises, but faces ongoing challenges in ensuring compliance and delivering effective interventions.
- 6. US Invasion ofIraq (2003) - Humanitarian Violations Violations: Civilian Casualties: Estimated 100,000+ civilian deaths due to invasion and insurgency (2003-2011). Torture and Detention: Abu Ghraib scandal revealed torture and inhumane treatment of detainees. Displacement: Over 4 million Iraqis displaced internally or as refugees. Sectarian Violence: Invasion destabilized Iraq, fueling sectarian conflict and rise of ISIS.
- 7. Global Political Impact Erosionof US Credibility: • Invasion without UN approval damaged US moral authority; fueled anti- American sentiment. • Double standards criticized (e.g., US vs. Russia in Ukraine). Middle East Instability: • Rise of ISIS and prolonged conflicts in Syria, Yemen. • Strengthened Iran’s regional influence post- Saddam International Norms: • Weakened UN’s role in preventing unauthorized military interventions. • Set precedent for unilateral actions, influencing Russia’s later aggression.
- 8. Russia-Ukraine Conflict - HumanitarianViolations Violations: Civilian Attacks: Russian forces deliberately targeted civilians, hospitals, and energy infrastructure (2022-2025). War Crimes: Summary executions, torture, and sexual violence documented; 510+ children killed. Forced Deportations: Tens of thousands of Ukrainian children forcibly transferred to Russia. Humanitarian Crisis: Over 13 million displaced, including 8 million refugees; food and energy insecurity.
- 9. Global Political Impact GlobalCondemnation: • UN General Assembly condemned Russia’s invasion; Western sanctions crippled Russian economy. Energy and Food Security: • Disrupted global energy markets, spiking prices; food insecurity worsened in Africa and Asia. Geopolitical Realignment: • Russia’s alignment with China and Iran; Global South critiques Western double standards. • Weakened trust in international institutions due to inconsistent responses.
- 10. Uyghur Muslims inChina - Humanitarian Violations Mass Detention: Over 1 million Uyghurs and other Turkic Muslims detained in "re- education camps" since 2017.. Cultural Erasure: Bans on religious practices, destruction of mosques, and forced assimilation (e.g., outlawing Uyghur language textbooks) Surveillance and Torture: Intense surveillance, torture, sexual violence, and involuntary sterilizations reported. Forced Labor: Detainees subjected to forced labor in textile and other industries.
- 11. Uyghur Muslims inChina - Humanitarian Violations Diplomatic Tensions:Western nations (US, EU) imposed sanctions, escalating tensions with China. Trade and Supply Chains: US Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (2021) bans imports linked to Xinjiang, disrupting global supply chains. International Institutions: UN Human Rights Council rejected debate on Xinjiang (2022), highlighting China’s influence. International Institutions: UN Human Rights Council rejected debate on Xinjiang (2022), highlighting China’s influence.
- 12. The Way Forward:Strengthening the System Enhance Accountability Improving monitoring and investigation mechanisms to hold perpetrators of human rights violations accountable for their actions. Increase Cooperation Fostering greater collaboration and information-sharing between states, international organizations, and civil society to develop comprehensive, coordinated responses. Invest in Prevention Addressing the root causes of humanitarian crises through conflict resolution, peacebuilding, and sustainable development initiatives. By strengthening the international system for protecting human rights, we can work towards a future where the fundamental dignity and freedoms of all people are safeguarded and upheld.