The document describes Destination Reading, an electronically-based reading curriculum. It is intended to help students read fluently and with understanding to prepare them for new language challenges. The program covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres and includes comprehension skills, vocabulary strategies, and decoding support. It is designed to meet the unique needs of students in grades 4-8 and systematically builds understanding through research-based instruction. Teachers have several implementation models and resources to integrate the program into their classrooms.
This document provides summaries of several children's and young adult books, including Al Capone Does My Shirts by Gennifer Choldenko, The City of Ember by Jeanne Duprau, Granny Torrelli Makes Soup by Sharon Creech, books by Will Hobbs, Journey to the River Sea by Eva Ibbotson, and biographical information on authors Linda Sue Park and Ruth White. Interviews with Jeanne Duprau and Will Hobbs are also summarized.
The scholars spent the day brainstorming innovations with guidance from mentors and GE experts, bonding with alumni through fun games, and enjoying a cultural extravaganza where teams performed plays, dances, and songs culminating in a beautiful poem recited by Dr. Lavakare.
The document discusses designing pay levels, structures, and surveys. It covers determining competitive pay levels and structures through defining relevant labor markets, designing and conducting salary surveys, analyzing survey data, and setting pay policies. The goal is to collect compensation data from competitors to determine appropriate pay levels and structures for matching jobs internally and staying competitive externally.
The document discusses methods of collecting data for research. It describes primary data collection methods like observation, interviewing, surveys, and experimentation which involve directly collecting unpublished data from original sources. Secondary data collection methods involve using already published data for research purposes and include sources like census reports, company annual reports, and reports from government departments and international organizations. Both primary and secondary data have advantages and limitations for research. The choice of data collection method depends on the specific needs and conditions of the study.
The document discusses and compares various survey methods and observation techniques used in market research. It provides classifications and criteria for evaluating different methods. Survey methods include telephone interviews, in-person interviews, mail surveys, and internet surveys. Observation techniques range from personal observation to mechanical, audit, content, and trace analysis. The document also outlines relative advantages and disadvantages of observation methods compared to survey approaches.
The document provides an overview of different types of marketing research data and qualitative research procedures used to collect and analyze marketing data. It discusses survey data, observational data, experimental data, qualitative data, and secondary vs. primary data. It then describes various qualitative research procedures like focus groups, depth interviews, and projective techniques. The remainder of the document provides details on planning and conducting focus groups, moderator qualifications, advantages and disadvantages of different qualitative research methods, and comparisons between focus groups, depth interviews, and projective techniques.
The document describes Destination Reading, an electronically-based reading curriculum. It is intended to help students read fluently and with understanding to prepare them for new language challenges. The program covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres and includes comprehension skills, vocabulary strategies, and decoding support. It is designed to meet the unique needs of students in grades 4-8 and systematically builds understanding through research-based instruction. Teachers have several implementation models and resources to integrate the program into their classrooms.
This document provides summaries of several children's and young adult books, including Al Capone Does My Shirts by Gennifer Choldenko, The City of Ember by Jeanne Duprau, Granny Torrelli Makes Soup by Sharon Creech, books by Will Hobbs, Journey to the River Sea by Eva Ibbotson, and biographical information on authors Linda Sue Park and Ruth White. Interviews with Jeanne Duprau and Will Hobbs are also summarized.
The scholars spent the day brainstorming innovations with guidance from mentors and GE experts, bonding with alumni through fun games, and enjoying a cultural extravaganza where teams performed plays, dances, and songs culminating in a beautiful poem recited by Dr. Lavakare.
The document discusses designing pay levels, structures, and surveys. It covers determining competitive pay levels and structures through defining relevant labor markets, designing and conducting salary surveys, analyzing survey data, and setting pay policies. The goal is to collect compensation data from competitors to determine appropriate pay levels and structures for matching jobs internally and staying competitive externally.
The document discusses methods of collecting data for research. It describes primary data collection methods like observation, interviewing, surveys, and experimentation which involve directly collecting unpublished data from original sources. Secondary data collection methods involve using already published data for research purposes and include sources like census reports, company annual reports, and reports from government departments and international organizations. Both primary and secondary data have advantages and limitations for research. The choice of data collection method depends on the specific needs and conditions of the study.
The document discusses and compares various survey methods and observation techniques used in market research. It provides classifications and criteria for evaluating different methods. Survey methods include telephone interviews, in-person interviews, mail surveys, and internet surveys. Observation techniques range from personal observation to mechanical, audit, content, and trace analysis. The document also outlines relative advantages and disadvantages of observation methods compared to survey approaches.
The document provides an overview of different types of marketing research data and qualitative research procedures used to collect and analyze marketing data. It discusses survey data, observational data, experimental data, qualitative data, and secondary vs. primary data. It then describes various qualitative research procedures like focus groups, depth interviews, and projective techniques. The remainder of the document provides details on planning and conducting focus groups, moderator qualifications, advantages and disadvantages of different qualitative research methods, and comparisons between focus groups, depth interviews, and projective techniques.
A research design is a framework that details the procedures needed to obtain information to solve marketing problems. It includes defining needed information, designing exploratory, descriptive, or causal phases, specifying measurement and sampling procedures, and developing a data analysis plan. Research designs are classified as exploratory, descriptive, or causal depending on their objectives and characteristics. Exploratory research aims to provide insights and is flexible, while descriptive and causal research have clearly defined objectives and structured processes.
Marketing research involves systematically collecting, analyzing, and reporting information to improve marketing decisions. There are two main types: problem identification research which helps identify unknown issues, and problem solving research which addresses specific problems. Problem solving research includes segmentation research, product research, pricing research, promotional research, and distribution research. The goal of marketing research is to provide relevant information to marketing managers to help them make better decisions around segmentation, targeting, marketing programs, and performance.
Hypotheses are assumptions that can be tested scientifically. A null hypothesis assumes no difference or relationship, while an alternative hypothesis predicts a difference or relationship. Statistical tests determine if results reject the null hypothesis. A Type I error rejects a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error fails to reject a false null hypothesis. Two-tailed tests consider results higher or lower than predicted, while one-tailed tests consider only one direction of difference. Common statistical tests include z-tests, t-tests, chi-squared tests, and F-tests.
The document provides an overview of several theories of international trade, including mercantilism, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin theory, and product life cycle theory. It discusses key aspects of each theory such as how they explain patterns of trade and specialization between countries. Mercantilism stressed accumulating gold by encouraging exports and discouraging imports. Absolute advantage argued that countries should specialize based on where they are most productive. Comparative advantage built on this by recognizing even without an absolute advantage, trade can benefit countries. Heckscher-Ohlin theory focused on specializing based on a country's most abundant resources. Product life cycle theory examined how products are traded as they progress through different stages.
This document discusses stages of internationalization for companies. It suggests there are four main stages - domestic, early international involvement, advanced international involvement, and multinational. The early stages involve occasional exporting while later stages see companies establishing foreign production or fully integrated multinational operations.
The document discusses the history and modern development of globalization. It begins around 3000 BC with trade links between early civilizations, and continued through periods like the Islamic Golden Age. After World War 2, political planning broke down borders to increase trade and interdependence. Globalization since then has integrated national economies through increased trade, investment, technology sharing, and global institutions like the WTO. Both benefits and criticisms of economic globalization are mentioned.
The document discusses international business opportunities in India. It notes that India has high-skilled labor and a growing middle class, making it attractive for business. However, a uniform strategy is not advisable due to cultural diversity across regions. Several sectors like IT, pharmaceuticals, and infrastructure have potential. Bodies like CII and FICCI help foster international ties and make policy recommendations. Overall, international business in India is growing significantly and future prospects are positive.
The document summarizes India's export-import (EXIM) policy. It discusses the objectives of EXIM policy as facilitating globalization and promoting productivity and competitiveness. It outlines various export promotion schemes like duty drawback, export promotion capital goods scheme, and duty exemption/remission schemes. It also discusses volumes of EXIM policy, foreign trade policy 2009-2014 which aimed to double India's exports and share in global trade, and highlights incentives introduced or extended like benefits for status holders, income tax exemptions, and enhanced export credit insurance coverage.
The document summarizes India's foreign trade policy for 2009-2014. The key objectives of the policy are to double India's exports by 2014 and share in global trade by 2020. It outlines various export promotion schemes like duty drawback, EPCG, and duty exemption schemes. The policy aims to simplify procedures, provide higher support for new markets and products, and increase targets and incentives under existing schemes like Focus Market and Focus Product. It also announces extensions of benefits and higher allocations for various sectors to boost foreign trade and earnings.
Europe is a continent located in the Northern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Europe has a population of over 800 million people and a diverse mix of cultures and religions, with Christianity being the dominant religion. The major political entities in Europe include the European Union and the Council of Europe.
This document discusses international distribution and logistics. It defines distribution channels and international channel systems, including direct and indirect exporting. It also lists factors that influence channel selection and the various components of an international logistics system, such as fixed facilities location, transportation, inventory management, order processing, and materials handling/warehousing.
This document discusses various tools and frameworks for analyzing international markets and selecting markets for expansion, including the BCG matrix, GE matrix, and analyzing market attractiveness and business strength. The BCG and GE matrices map markets based on growth rate and relative market share/position to determine strategies such as invest, build, protect, harvest. Additional factors for assessing market attractiveness and business strength are also provided, along with corresponding strategies for different market profiles.
The document discusses India's institutional infrastructure for export promotion. It outlines the various government organizations that work to promote exports, including the Department of Commerce, Export Promotion Councils, Commodity Boards, autonomous bodies like APEDA and MDEDA, and state-level export promotion agencies. The roles of these institutions include creating export awareness, providing assistance and incentives to exporters, addressing trade barriers, and facilitating international marketing operations.
1. The wage fund theory advocated by John Stuart Mill assumes that the supply of labor is fixed and demand for labor consists of a fixed sum determined by capitalist employers, with demand determined by the size of the wage fund.
2. The standard of living theory advocated by Karl Marx assumes that wages should allow workers to support themselves and their families and live comfortably according to societal standards.
3. The bargaining theory proposed by John Davidson assumes that wages are determined by the relative bargaining power of employers and employees.
1. The chapter discusses external competitiveness in pay levels and determining pay relative to competitors.
2. External competitiveness is influenced by labor market factors like supply and demand, product market factors like competition and demand, and organization factors like industry and strategy.
3. Setting pay levels impacts labor costs, while pay mix focuses on attracting and retaining employees relative to competitors.
The document discusses factors that influence external competitiveness in determining pay levels, including labor market factors, product market factors, and organizational factors. It outlines different pay policy alternatives for setting pay levels and pay mixes relative to competitors, and the potential consequences of those policies for controlling costs, attracting employees, and other objectives. The purpose is to help managers make conscious decisions about pay levels and mixes based on their competitive environment and objectives.
The document discusses designing pay levels, structures, and surveys. It covers determining competitive pay levels and structures through defining relevant labor markets, designing and conducting salary surveys, analyzing survey data, and setting pay policies. The goal is to collect compensation data from competitors to determine appropriate pay levels and structures for matching jobs internally and staying competitive externally.
This document discusses compensation management and outlines how to devise an effective compensation plan that aligns with a company's business strategy. It covers topics such as linking compensation to business goals, job evaluation, broadbanding salary structures, and challenges in compensation like skill-based pay and maintaining pay secrecy. Examples are provided of companies like GE and Toyota that have implemented broadbanding compensation approaches.
This document discusses compensation management and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines compensation management and its objectives. It outlines the different elements of a total compensation package, including direct compensation, indirect compensation, and non-monetary compensation. It also discusses classical theories on wages and the importance of an ideal compensation plan for attracting, retaining, and motivating employees.
A research design is a framework that details the procedures needed to obtain information to solve marketing problems. It includes defining needed information, designing exploratory, descriptive, or causal phases, specifying measurement and sampling procedures, and developing a data analysis plan. Research designs are classified as exploratory, descriptive, or causal depending on their objectives and characteristics. Exploratory research aims to provide insights and is flexible, while descriptive and causal research have clearly defined objectives and structured processes.
Marketing research involves systematically collecting, analyzing, and reporting information to improve marketing decisions. There are two main types: problem identification research which helps identify unknown issues, and problem solving research which addresses specific problems. Problem solving research includes segmentation research, product research, pricing research, promotional research, and distribution research. The goal of marketing research is to provide relevant information to marketing managers to help them make better decisions around segmentation, targeting, marketing programs, and performance.
Hypotheses are assumptions that can be tested scientifically. A null hypothesis assumes no difference or relationship, while an alternative hypothesis predicts a difference or relationship. Statistical tests determine if results reject the null hypothesis. A Type I error rejects a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error fails to reject a false null hypothesis. Two-tailed tests consider results higher or lower than predicted, while one-tailed tests consider only one direction of difference. Common statistical tests include z-tests, t-tests, chi-squared tests, and F-tests.
The document provides an overview of several theories of international trade, including mercantilism, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin theory, and product life cycle theory. It discusses key aspects of each theory such as how they explain patterns of trade and specialization between countries. Mercantilism stressed accumulating gold by encouraging exports and discouraging imports. Absolute advantage argued that countries should specialize based on where they are most productive. Comparative advantage built on this by recognizing even without an absolute advantage, trade can benefit countries. Heckscher-Ohlin theory focused on specializing based on a country's most abundant resources. Product life cycle theory examined how products are traded as they progress through different stages.
This document discusses stages of internationalization for companies. It suggests there are four main stages - domestic, early international involvement, advanced international involvement, and multinational. The early stages involve occasional exporting while later stages see companies establishing foreign production or fully integrated multinational operations.
The document discusses the history and modern development of globalization. It begins around 3000 BC with trade links between early civilizations, and continued through periods like the Islamic Golden Age. After World War 2, political planning broke down borders to increase trade and interdependence. Globalization since then has integrated national economies through increased trade, investment, technology sharing, and global institutions like the WTO. Both benefits and criticisms of economic globalization are mentioned.
The document discusses international business opportunities in India. It notes that India has high-skilled labor and a growing middle class, making it attractive for business. However, a uniform strategy is not advisable due to cultural diversity across regions. Several sectors like IT, pharmaceuticals, and infrastructure have potential. Bodies like CII and FICCI help foster international ties and make policy recommendations. Overall, international business in India is growing significantly and future prospects are positive.
The document summarizes India's export-import (EXIM) policy. It discusses the objectives of EXIM policy as facilitating globalization and promoting productivity and competitiveness. It outlines various export promotion schemes like duty drawback, export promotion capital goods scheme, and duty exemption/remission schemes. It also discusses volumes of EXIM policy, foreign trade policy 2009-2014 which aimed to double India's exports and share in global trade, and highlights incentives introduced or extended like benefits for status holders, income tax exemptions, and enhanced export credit insurance coverage.
The document summarizes India's foreign trade policy for 2009-2014. The key objectives of the policy are to double India's exports by 2014 and share in global trade by 2020. It outlines various export promotion schemes like duty drawback, EPCG, and duty exemption schemes. The policy aims to simplify procedures, provide higher support for new markets and products, and increase targets and incentives under existing schemes like Focus Market and Focus Product. It also announces extensions of benefits and higher allocations for various sectors to boost foreign trade and earnings.
Europe is a continent located in the Northern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Europe has a population of over 800 million people and a diverse mix of cultures and religions, with Christianity being the dominant religion. The major political entities in Europe include the European Union and the Council of Europe.
This document discusses international distribution and logistics. It defines distribution channels and international channel systems, including direct and indirect exporting. It also lists factors that influence channel selection and the various components of an international logistics system, such as fixed facilities location, transportation, inventory management, order processing, and materials handling/warehousing.
This document discusses various tools and frameworks for analyzing international markets and selecting markets for expansion, including the BCG matrix, GE matrix, and analyzing market attractiveness and business strength. The BCG and GE matrices map markets based on growth rate and relative market share/position to determine strategies such as invest, build, protect, harvest. Additional factors for assessing market attractiveness and business strength are also provided, along with corresponding strategies for different market profiles.
The document discusses India's institutional infrastructure for export promotion. It outlines the various government organizations that work to promote exports, including the Department of Commerce, Export Promotion Councils, Commodity Boards, autonomous bodies like APEDA and MDEDA, and state-level export promotion agencies. The roles of these institutions include creating export awareness, providing assistance and incentives to exporters, addressing trade barriers, and facilitating international marketing operations.
1. The wage fund theory advocated by John Stuart Mill assumes that the supply of labor is fixed and demand for labor consists of a fixed sum determined by capitalist employers, with demand determined by the size of the wage fund.
2. The standard of living theory advocated by Karl Marx assumes that wages should allow workers to support themselves and their families and live comfortably according to societal standards.
3. The bargaining theory proposed by John Davidson assumes that wages are determined by the relative bargaining power of employers and employees.
1. The chapter discusses external competitiveness in pay levels and determining pay relative to competitors.
2. External competitiveness is influenced by labor market factors like supply and demand, product market factors like competition and demand, and organization factors like industry and strategy.
3. Setting pay levels impacts labor costs, while pay mix focuses on attracting and retaining employees relative to competitors.
The document discusses factors that influence external competitiveness in determining pay levels, including labor market factors, product market factors, and organizational factors. It outlines different pay policy alternatives for setting pay levels and pay mixes relative to competitors, and the potential consequences of those policies for controlling costs, attracting employees, and other objectives. The purpose is to help managers make conscious decisions about pay levels and mixes based on their competitive environment and objectives.
The document discusses designing pay levels, structures, and surveys. It covers determining competitive pay levels and structures through defining relevant labor markets, designing and conducting salary surveys, analyzing survey data, and setting pay policies. The goal is to collect compensation data from competitors to determine appropriate pay levels and structures for matching jobs internally and staying competitive externally.
This document discusses compensation management and outlines how to devise an effective compensation plan that aligns with a company's business strategy. It covers topics such as linking compensation to business goals, job evaluation, broadbanding salary structures, and challenges in compensation like skill-based pay and maintaining pay secrecy. Examples are provided of companies like GE and Toyota that have implemented broadbanding compensation approaches.
This document discusses compensation management and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines compensation management and its objectives. It outlines the different elements of a total compensation package, including direct compensation, indirect compensation, and non-monetary compensation. It also discusses classical theories on wages and the importance of an ideal compensation plan for attracting, retaining, and motivating employees.