Windshields were introduced in the early 1900s after cars were first manufactured in the 1890s. Early windshield wipers in 1916 were manually operated using a crank. Alternating powered windshield wipers were developed in the 1960s. In 1919, Henry Ford began working with a French scientist to improve windshield technology. By the 1930s, tempered glass was used in car windows and laminated glass with a plastic layer between panes was later adopted. Replacing damaged windshields is important for safety and should only be done by certified technicians.