The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved 100 participants aged 65-80 who were given either the drug or a placebo daily for 6 months. Researchers found that those who received the drug performed significantly better on memory and problem-solving tests at the end of the study compared to those who received the placebo.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which elevate mood and reduce stress levels.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of serotonin and endorphins which elevate mood and may help prevent mental illness.
Top 1000 Java Interview Questions Includes Spring, Hibernate, Microservices, ...Ankit Kumar
This document provides an overview and table of contents for a book titled "Top 1000 Java Interview Questions & Answers" by Knowledge Powerhouse. It includes the copyright information, a dedication, and lists chapter titles covering topics like Java basics, OOP principles, inheritance, static methods, method overloading and overriding, polymorphism, abstraction, final keywords, packages, internationalization, serialization, reflection, garbage collection, inner classes, strings, exception handling, multi-threading, and collections. The document gives a high-level outline of the technical concepts and questions that will be covered in the book.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved 100 participants aged 65-80 who were given either the drug or a placebo daily for 6 months. Researchers found that those who received the drug performed significantly better on memory and problem-solving tests at the end of the study compared to those who received the placebo.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which elevate mood and reduce stress levels.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of serotonin and endorphins which elevate mood and may help prevent mental illness.
Top 1000 Java Interview Questions Includes Spring, Hibernate, Microservices, ...Ankit Kumar
This document provides an overview and table of contents for a book titled "Top 1000 Java Interview Questions & Answers" by Knowledge Powerhouse. It includes the copyright information, a dedication, and lists chapter titles covering topics like Java basics, OOP principles, inheritance, static methods, method overloading and overriding, polymorphism, abstraction, final keywords, packages, internationalization, serialization, reflection, garbage collection, inner classes, strings, exception handling, multi-threading, and collections. The document gives a high-level outline of the technical concepts and questions that will be covered in the book.
The document describes five experiments performed using an 8085 microprocessor kit to understand various arithmetic operations. Experiment 1 adds two 8-bit numbers and stores the 8-bit sum. Experiment 2 adds two 8-bit numbers and stores the 16-bit sum. Experiment 3 adds two 16-bit numbers and stores the 16-bit sum. Experiment 4 performs decimal addition of two 8-bit numbers and stores the 8-bit sum. Experiment 5 finds the one's complement of an 8-bit number.
The document discusses network operating systems and provides an overview of UNIX/Linux operating systems. It covers the history and development of UNIX, differences between UNIX variants like FreeBSD and Linux, and components of operating systems like processes, memory management, and file systems. It also gives examples of process information using the ps command.
Ethernet uses different cabling standards depending on the technology. 10BASE5 uses thick coaxial cable allowing distances of 500 meters, while 10BASE2 uses thinner coaxial cable allowing 185 meters. 10BASE-T networks used hubs, creating a shared media where only one station could transmit at a time (half-duplex). Newer technologies like 100BASE-TX use switches to isolate each port and allow full-duplex communication. Ethernet standards also use different encoding schemes like Manchester encoding for 10BASE-T and 4B/5B encoding for Fast Ethernet.
This document compares and contrasts IPv4 and IPv6. It notes that IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits the number of available addresses, while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses providing vastly more unique addresses to meet future network growth. It describes several new features of IPv6 including separate options fields to speed routing, additional security options like encryption, and quality of service controls. IPv6 was designed to support greater Internet usage, high-speed transmission of audio/video, and next generation networking needs.
This document discusses remote procedure calls and data conversion when communicating between computers with different architectures. It describes Abstract Syntax Notation and External Data Representation as two available methods for data conversion. Remote procedure calls allow a client to call a procedure on a remote server as if it were a local procedure call. The client stub marshals parameters and sends them to the server stub, which unmarshals the parameters and calls the server procedure before returning any results.
The document discusses various ways to classify signals. Signals can be classified based on parameters such as the independent variable (e.g. continuous time vs. discrete time signals), dependent variable (e.g. analog vs. digital signals), number of independent variables (e.g. one-dimensional, two-dimensional, multi-dimensional signals), periodicity (e.g. periodic vs. aperiodic signals), determinism (e.g. deterministic vs. random signals), causality (e.g. causal, anti-causal, non-causal signals), and energy content (e.g. energy signals, power signals). Continuous time signals have values defined over a continuum of time, while discrete time signals
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document provides a lab manual for computer graphics experiments in C language. It includes experiments on digital differential analyzer algorithm, Bresenham's line drawing algorithm, midpoint circle generation algorithm, ellipse generation algorithm, text and shape creation, 2D and 3D transformations, curve generation, and basic animations. It outlines the hardware and software requirements to run the experiments and provides background, algorithms, sample programs and outputs for each experiment.
Training completion certificate of b.s.n.lAnkit Kumar
This certificate certifies that Ankush (14152011), a final year ECE student, successfully completed summer training as required for their B.Tech degree from the university. The training took place during the 2009-2010 academic year and this report documents the authentic work completed by the student during that period.
Training completion certificate of b.s.n.l (2)Ankit Kumar
BSNL is an Indian state-owned telecommunications company that was incorporated in 2000 and took over telecom services from government departments, making it the largest provider of fixed telephony and broadband in India with over 60% market share. However, BSNL has faced heavy losses in recent years due to intense competition. It is India's oldest communication service provider and had over 93 million customers as of 2015, present throughout India except for Mumbai and New Delhi.
This document provides a table of contents for chapters in a book or document on telecommunications networks. It includes chapters on BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited), basic telecom networks, leased lines, intranets, corporate networks, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, GSM, and optical fiber transmission. The table of contents lists topics like call setup, electronic exchanges, carrier rooms, main distribution frames, power plants, managed leased line networks, intranet applications, and features of corporate networks. It also includes figures and tables related to the topics.
This is a summer training report submitted by a student to Mrs. at Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology in Hisar, Haryana, India. The report provides information from a summer training conducted by the student at the university.
Ankush, a 5th semester B-Tech student at GJUST in Hisar, Haryana, declares that the summer training report on "Networking" submitted to GJUS&T to fulfill his B-Tech degree requirements was his original work. He affirms that the information and data provided in the report is authentic to the best of his knowledge.
The author expresses gratitude to the employees of B.S.N.L. for their support and guidance during their training, which allowed the training to be successful. The author specifically thanks their trainers Dr. Deepak Verma and Hari Ram for their full cooperation and guidance during the training period. The author also thanks their parents and friends for their constant encouragement throughout the training endeavor.
The document contains code snippets in C++ for graphics programs to draw various shapes and perform transformations like translation, rotation, and scaling using Turbo C++. It includes programs to draw a line, rotate a line, scale a line, display text horizontally and vertically, draw a house, fish, and man cartoon. Each code example contains functions for initialization, input, drawing objects using lines, circles, rectangles, and outputting text.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
The document describes five experiments performed using an 8085 microprocessor kit to understand various arithmetic operations. Experiment 1 adds two 8-bit numbers and stores the 8-bit sum. Experiment 2 adds two 8-bit numbers and stores the 16-bit sum. Experiment 3 adds two 16-bit numbers and stores the 16-bit sum. Experiment 4 performs decimal addition of two 8-bit numbers and stores the 8-bit sum. Experiment 5 finds the one's complement of an 8-bit number.
The document discusses network operating systems and provides an overview of UNIX/Linux operating systems. It covers the history and development of UNIX, differences between UNIX variants like FreeBSD and Linux, and components of operating systems like processes, memory management, and file systems. It also gives examples of process information using the ps command.
Ethernet uses different cabling standards depending on the technology. 10BASE5 uses thick coaxial cable allowing distances of 500 meters, while 10BASE2 uses thinner coaxial cable allowing 185 meters. 10BASE-T networks used hubs, creating a shared media where only one station could transmit at a time (half-duplex). Newer technologies like 100BASE-TX use switches to isolate each port and allow full-duplex communication. Ethernet standards also use different encoding schemes like Manchester encoding for 10BASE-T and 4B/5B encoding for Fast Ethernet.
This document compares and contrasts IPv4 and IPv6. It notes that IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits the number of available addresses, while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses providing vastly more unique addresses to meet future network growth. It describes several new features of IPv6 including separate options fields to speed routing, additional security options like encryption, and quality of service controls. IPv6 was designed to support greater Internet usage, high-speed transmission of audio/video, and next generation networking needs.
This document discusses remote procedure calls and data conversion when communicating between computers with different architectures. It describes Abstract Syntax Notation and External Data Representation as two available methods for data conversion. Remote procedure calls allow a client to call a procedure on a remote server as if it were a local procedure call. The client stub marshals parameters and sends them to the server stub, which unmarshals the parameters and calls the server procedure before returning any results.
The document discusses various ways to classify signals. Signals can be classified based on parameters such as the independent variable (e.g. continuous time vs. discrete time signals), dependent variable (e.g. analog vs. digital signals), number of independent variables (e.g. one-dimensional, two-dimensional, multi-dimensional signals), periodicity (e.g. periodic vs. aperiodic signals), determinism (e.g. deterministic vs. random signals), causality (e.g. causal, anti-causal, non-causal signals), and energy content (e.g. energy signals, power signals). Continuous time signals have values defined over a continuum of time, while discrete time signals
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document provides a lab manual for computer graphics experiments in C language. It includes experiments on digital differential analyzer algorithm, Bresenham's line drawing algorithm, midpoint circle generation algorithm, ellipse generation algorithm, text and shape creation, 2D and 3D transformations, curve generation, and basic animations. It outlines the hardware and software requirements to run the experiments and provides background, algorithms, sample programs and outputs for each experiment.
Training completion certificate of b.s.n.lAnkit Kumar
This certificate certifies that Ankush (14152011), a final year ECE student, successfully completed summer training as required for their B.Tech degree from the university. The training took place during the 2009-2010 academic year and this report documents the authentic work completed by the student during that period.
Training completion certificate of b.s.n.l (2)Ankit Kumar
BSNL is an Indian state-owned telecommunications company that was incorporated in 2000 and took over telecom services from government departments, making it the largest provider of fixed telephony and broadband in India with over 60% market share. However, BSNL has faced heavy losses in recent years due to intense competition. It is India's oldest communication service provider and had over 93 million customers as of 2015, present throughout India except for Mumbai and New Delhi.
This document provides a table of contents for chapters in a book or document on telecommunications networks. It includes chapters on BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited), basic telecom networks, leased lines, intranets, corporate networks, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, GSM, and optical fiber transmission. The table of contents lists topics like call setup, electronic exchanges, carrier rooms, main distribution frames, power plants, managed leased line networks, intranet applications, and features of corporate networks. It also includes figures and tables related to the topics.
This is a summer training report submitted by a student to Mrs. at Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology in Hisar, Haryana, India. The report provides information from a summer training conducted by the student at the university.
Ankush, a 5th semester B-Tech student at GJUST in Hisar, Haryana, declares that the summer training report on "Networking" submitted to GJUS&T to fulfill his B-Tech degree requirements was his original work. He affirms that the information and data provided in the report is authentic to the best of his knowledge.
The author expresses gratitude to the employees of B.S.N.L. for their support and guidance during their training, which allowed the training to be successful. The author specifically thanks their trainers Dr. Deepak Verma and Hari Ram for their full cooperation and guidance during the training period. The author also thanks their parents and friends for their constant encouragement throughout the training endeavor.
The document contains code snippets in C++ for graphics programs to draw various shapes and perform transformations like translation, rotation, and scaling using Turbo C++. It includes programs to draw a line, rotate a line, scale a line, display text horizontally and vertically, draw a house, fish, and man cartoon. Each code example contains functions for initialization, input, drawing objects using lines, circles, rectangles, and outputting text.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.