This is a presentation I gave at 2019 Wikimania Research in Sweden (August 17). It gives an overview of our research projects related to Wikipedia's Article for Deletion (AfD) discussions, with a focus on the rationales in the discussions
A Review on Neural Network Question Answering Systemsijaia
In recent years neural networks (NN) are being used increasingly on Question Answering (QA) systems and
they seem to be successful in addressing different issues and challenges that these systems exhibit. This
paper presents a review to summarize the state of the art in question answering systems implemented using
neural networks. It identifies the main research topics and considers the most relevant research challenges.
Furthermore, it analyzes contributions, limitations, evaluation techniques, and directions proposed for
future research.
Academic Social Networks and Researcher RankingAmanyalsayed
Open science and web scholarly communication
Using Web 2.0 to increase researcher’s ranking
Academic Social Networks (types, services)
Question & Answer service
Sharing your research output through ASN
Researcher measurement (h-index, RG score)
ASN and researchers’ concerns
Towards Automatic Analysis of Online Discussions among Hong Kong StudentsCITE
HU, Xiao (University of Hong Kong)
http://citers2013.cite.hku.hk/en/paper_619.htm
---------------------------
Author(s) bear(s) the responsibility in case of any infringement of the Intellectual Property Rights of third parties.
---------------------------
CITE was notified by the author(s) that if the presentation slides contain any personal particulars, records and personal data (as defined in the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance) such as names, email addresses, photos of students, etc, the author(s) have/has obtained the corresponding person's consent.
A Review on Neural Network Question Answering Systemsijaia
In recent years neural networks (NN) are being used increasingly on Question Answering (QA) systems and
they seem to be successful in addressing different issues and challenges that these systems exhibit. This
paper presents a review to summarize the state of the art in question answering systems implemented using
neural networks. It identifies the main research topics and considers the most relevant research challenges.
Furthermore, it analyzes contributions, limitations, evaluation techniques, and directions proposed for
future research.
Academic Social Networks and Researcher RankingAmanyalsayed
Open science and web scholarly communication
Using Web 2.0 to increase researcher’s ranking
Academic Social Networks (types, services)
Question & Answer service
Sharing your research output through ASN
Researcher measurement (h-index, RG score)
ASN and researchers’ concerns
Towards Automatic Analysis of Online Discussions among Hong Kong StudentsCITE
HU, Xiao (University of Hong Kong)
http://citers2013.cite.hku.hk/en/paper_619.htm
---------------------------
Author(s) bear(s) the responsibility in case of any infringement of the Intellectual Property Rights of third parties.
---------------------------
CITE was notified by the author(s) that if the presentation slides contain any personal particulars, records and personal data (as defined in the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance) such as names, email addresses, photos of students, etc, the author(s) have/has obtained the corresponding person's consent.
Social media as a tool for terminological researchTERMCAT
Social media as a tool for terminological research
Anita Nuopponen - University of Vaasa
Niina Nissilä - University of Vaasa
VII EAFT Terminology Summit. Barcelona, 27-28 november 2014
Design Matters! An Empirical Analysis of Online Deliberation on Different New...Katharina Esau
Ever since the internet has provided easy access to online debates, advocates of deliberative democracy have hoped for an improved public sphere. This paper investigates which particular platform features promote deliberative debate online. We assume that moderation, asynchronous discussion, a well-defined topic, and the availability of information enhance
the level of deliberative quality of user comments. A comparison between different types of news platforms that differ in terms of design (a news forum, news websites, and Facebook news pages) shows that deliberation (rationality, reciprocity, respect, and constructiveness) differs significantly between platforms. The news forum yields the most rational and respectful debate. While user comments on news websites are only slightly less
deliberative, Facebook comments perform poorly in terms of deliberative quality. However, comments left on news websites and on Facebook show particularly high levels of reciprocity among users.
In this talk I will address issues of "rigour" and "quality" in qualitative research, and the way that the two are closely aligned with how the researcher may explore various points of focus within the research process itself. Rigour and quality are inseparable from the generative nature of much qualitative inquiry, and the need to "show your workings" in the field within which the research is carried out. I will discuss this using examples of particular aspects of qualitative research that I have been involved with recently, both in design and execution. I will also discuss the opportunities and challenges of making a case for qualitative insights to augment and add value to other forms of research.
Final Research Paper Topic and Plan The first step in the rese.docxtjane3
Final Research Paper Topic and Plan
The first step in the research process is selecting a topic that is both interesting and manageable. For this discussion, complete the following:
Review the Final Research Paper instructions in Week Five, and identify three potential research topics.
Describe methods that may be helpful in identifying and narrowing your research paper topic.
Examine two scholarly sources that may prove valuable as you seek to defend your claims.
Address why scholarly sources should be used to support your writing on the selected topic.
Social Media
The introduction of new technologies has significantly affected the social lives of many. These changes, which reflect how people use technology to interact, provide an example of trends that you might examine in your Final Research Paper. For this discussion, identify a significant change that has occurred in the way people communicate and share information, and reflect on the impact this change has had on individuals and society in general today (local and global). Keep in mind that not all social trends affect all groups in society to the same degree. In addition, examine the influence of social media on an individual’s personal and professional pursuits.
3.
Professional Resume and Cover Letter
Create a professional resume and cover letter for a position within your selected industry, and attach a copy to this discussion forum.
Respond to at least three of your classmates’ posts by Day 7, providing both positive and constructive feedback.
If you do not have a resume or cover letter, you may access helpful resources by logging into your Ashford University Student Portal. From the
Student Portal
homepage, locate
Career and Alumni Services
(look for the blue “Career” word cluster image) and click on the link to
My Career: Career and Professional Development Center
to
review resume and cover letter resources
.
4.
Social Capital
Read the articles,
Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital
and
Still Bowling Alone? The Post-9/11 Split
from the Project Muse database in the Ashford University Library. For this discussion, complete the following:
In your own words, describe what is meant by the term “social capital.”
Examine the influences of social connections and technology and civic engagement in academic and professional pursuits.
Evaluate the significance of social capital in the context of global citizenship and multicultural understanding.
Federal Policy
In recent years, immigration, health care reform, and fiscal policy have emerged as key issues in U.S. federal policy. There are many sides to each debate, and research is proliferating.
Using the Ashford Online Library, identify a scholarly article that answers research questions associated with the debate over immigration, health care reform, or fiscal policy (select one). Apply the principles of critical thinking to the selected issue. Cite the article or website that co.
AP LanguageMrs. MathewUnit 3 Synthesis ProjectYou will .docxjesuslightbody
AP Language
Mrs. Mathew
Unit 3: Synthesis Project
You will be creating an AP Exam Synthesis Question. The Synthesis Question gives you several sources and asks you to combine (synthesize) them with your own thoughts to create a cohesive essay. This is the same goal as a research paper. Your question (prompt) and sources should be formatted, labeled, and presented as on the AP Lang Exam. This will be modeled after the ones in the sample packets you were given.
Source Requirements:
· 8 sources
· No sources older than 10 years
· At least two sources published within the last two years (2020, 2021, 2022)
· Provide 1-2 sources that are images (political cartoons, graphs, charts, etc.)
· Sources should demonstrate a range of positions and approaches to the topic. Your goal is to figure out what 2-3 of the main “sides” are in the debate around the issue and represent those sides fairly.
Research Resources:
· Use this
link to access academic databases through CPS and Lane.
Example topics:
· Security vs Privacy: Personal Rights
· Standardized Education Movement
· Parenting Styles of the 21st Century
· Why Movements Matter: Voices of the People
· Technology’s Impact on American Families
Project Requirements:
Include, neatly formatted in one document
· Prompt page with directions, introduction, and assignment
· 6 sources
·
MLA citation of each source
· 3 potential thesis statements for this essay
a. One that is open
b. One that is closed
c. One that is a counter argument thesis.
· Choose one thesis statement, and create an outline of a response to ensure that others can synthesize these sources.
The most effective Synthesis Prompts give the test-takers a wide variety of sources to consider. These sources are of various types, lengths, and opinions. This diversity allows each test-taker to choose their own individual approach to the assignment while providing them with the tools to adequately synthesize into their paper.
You are going to choose EIGHT sources specific to your assigned topic. This will ensure that your group will be providing sources that show the complexity of the issue.
Therefore, when choosing your sources, keep several guidelines in mind:
1. Choose sources that cover a variety of viewpoints on your assigned topic, making sure to keep the sides evenly represented.
2. Choose sources from a wide variety of locations and formats. Use the list below as guidance; it is certainly not all-inclusive. Requirements are in CAPITAL letters. Beyond those required types, you may choose the rest of your sources at your discretion.
**ACADEMIC JOURNAL
National Newspaper (online or print editions)
Data
Online Article (NO WIKIPEDIA)
**EDITORIAL
Poll Results
** NEWS WEBSITE
Popular Culture Magazine
**IMAGE (graphs, charts, cartoons, photos)
Primary Book Source
Essay by an expert
Private Web Page or Blog post
Field-Specific Magazine article
Published letter from individual
Government Publicat.
Edited, Transcribed, and Annotated Dialogue: Transforming Face to Face Discus...Todd Davies
Presentation from Panel on Recent Perspectives on Online Deliberation, 67th Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, San Diego, May 26, 2017
I gave a talk at Xerox Europe Research Center (Grenoble, France) on Mar. 3. 2014. This included a couple of projects in my research lab that examine shared rationales in group activities.
Discussion question 1Prepare Prior to beginning work on this asLyndonPelletier761
Discussion question 1
Prepare: Prior to beginning work on this assignment, view the videos Scholarly and Popular Sources(1) (Links to an external site.), Why Can’t I Just Google? (Links to an external site.), and Effective Internet Search: Basic Tools and Advanced Strategies (Links to an external site.).
Reflect: Good research is a combination of many types of sources. Prior to taking this course, did you understand the differences between these sources and the importance of finding one type of resource over another?
Write: For this discussion, you will address the following prompts:
· Explain at least five differences between popular and scholarly sources used in research.
· Locate and summarize one peer-reviewed, scholarly source from the University of Arizona Global Campus Library and one popular source that pertain to your Final Paper topic. In your summary of each article, comment on the following: biases, reliability, strengths, and limitations.
· From the sources you summarized, list and explain at least five visual cues from the peer-reviewed, scholarly source that were not evident in the popular source.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length, which should include a thorough response to each prompt. You are required to provide in-text citations of applicable required reading materials and/or any other outside sources you use to support your claims. Provide full reference entries of all sources cited at the end of your response. Please use correct APA format when writing in-text citations (see In-Text Citation Helper (Links to an external site.)) and references (see Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.)).
Discussion question 2
Prepare: In preparation for this discussion forum, make a list of what you learned most throughout the process of researching your final essay topic, as well as difficulties you may have encountered along the way.
Reflect: Think about what you have learned in the development of your research findings on the global societal issue you chose in the Week 1 discussion forum, your proposed solution and its ethical outcomes, and share with your classmates why this specific issues requires further research.
Write: For this discussion, you will address the following prompts:
· Identify the global societal issue you have chosen to research for your Final Paper, an argumentative essay, and explain why further research on this topic is important.
· Provide a clear and concise thesis statement that includes a solution to the global societal issue (see Writing a Thesis Statement (Links to an external site.) for assistance).
· Explain how this global societal issue impacts a specific population.
· Locate a peer-reviewed scholarly source and provide statistical data that you found surprising on the topic.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length, which should include a thorough response to each prompt. You are required to provide in-text citations of applicable requir ...
AI in between online and offline discourse - and what has ChatGPT to do with ...Stefan Dietze
Talk at Bonn University on general AI and NLP challenges in the context of online discourse analysis. Specific focus on challenges arising from the widespread adoption of neural large language models.
Improving Workplace Safety Performance in Malaysian SMEs: The Role of Safety ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: In the Malaysian context, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience a significant
burden of workplace accidents. A consensus among scholars attributes a substantial portion of these incidents to
human factors, particularly unsafe behaviors. This study, conducted in Malaysia's northern region, specifically
targeted Safety and Health/Human Resource professionals within the manufacturing sector of SMEs. We
gathered a robust dataset comprising 107 responses through a meticulously designed self-administered
questionnaire. Employing advanced partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques
with SmartPLS 3.2.9, we rigorously analyzed the data to scrutinize the intricate relationship between safety
behavior and safety performance. The research findings unequivocally underscore the palpable and
consequential impact of safety behavior variables, namely safety compliance and safety participation, on
improving safety performance indicators such as accidents, injuries, and property damages. These results
strongly validate research hypotheses. Consequently, this study highlights the pivotal significance of cultivating
safety behavior among employees, particularly in resource-constrained SME settings, as an essential step toward
enhancing workplace safety performance.
KEYWORDS :Safety compliance, safety participation, safety performance, SME
Social media as a tool for terminological researchTERMCAT
Social media as a tool for terminological research
Anita Nuopponen - University of Vaasa
Niina Nissilä - University of Vaasa
VII EAFT Terminology Summit. Barcelona, 27-28 november 2014
Design Matters! An Empirical Analysis of Online Deliberation on Different New...Katharina Esau
Ever since the internet has provided easy access to online debates, advocates of deliberative democracy have hoped for an improved public sphere. This paper investigates which particular platform features promote deliberative debate online. We assume that moderation, asynchronous discussion, a well-defined topic, and the availability of information enhance
the level of deliberative quality of user comments. A comparison between different types of news platforms that differ in terms of design (a news forum, news websites, and Facebook news pages) shows that deliberation (rationality, reciprocity, respect, and constructiveness) differs significantly between platforms. The news forum yields the most rational and respectful debate. While user comments on news websites are only slightly less
deliberative, Facebook comments perform poorly in terms of deliberative quality. However, comments left on news websites and on Facebook show particularly high levels of reciprocity among users.
In this talk I will address issues of "rigour" and "quality" in qualitative research, and the way that the two are closely aligned with how the researcher may explore various points of focus within the research process itself. Rigour and quality are inseparable from the generative nature of much qualitative inquiry, and the need to "show your workings" in the field within which the research is carried out. I will discuss this using examples of particular aspects of qualitative research that I have been involved with recently, both in design and execution. I will also discuss the opportunities and challenges of making a case for qualitative insights to augment and add value to other forms of research.
Final Research Paper Topic and Plan The first step in the rese.docxtjane3
Final Research Paper Topic and Plan
The first step in the research process is selecting a topic that is both interesting and manageable. For this discussion, complete the following:
Review the Final Research Paper instructions in Week Five, and identify three potential research topics.
Describe methods that may be helpful in identifying and narrowing your research paper topic.
Examine two scholarly sources that may prove valuable as you seek to defend your claims.
Address why scholarly sources should be used to support your writing on the selected topic.
Social Media
The introduction of new technologies has significantly affected the social lives of many. These changes, which reflect how people use technology to interact, provide an example of trends that you might examine in your Final Research Paper. For this discussion, identify a significant change that has occurred in the way people communicate and share information, and reflect on the impact this change has had on individuals and society in general today (local and global). Keep in mind that not all social trends affect all groups in society to the same degree. In addition, examine the influence of social media on an individual’s personal and professional pursuits.
3.
Professional Resume and Cover Letter
Create a professional resume and cover letter for a position within your selected industry, and attach a copy to this discussion forum.
Respond to at least three of your classmates’ posts by Day 7, providing both positive and constructive feedback.
If you do not have a resume or cover letter, you may access helpful resources by logging into your Ashford University Student Portal. From the
Student Portal
homepage, locate
Career and Alumni Services
(look for the blue “Career” word cluster image) and click on the link to
My Career: Career and Professional Development Center
to
review resume and cover letter resources
.
4.
Social Capital
Read the articles,
Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital
and
Still Bowling Alone? The Post-9/11 Split
from the Project Muse database in the Ashford University Library. For this discussion, complete the following:
In your own words, describe what is meant by the term “social capital.”
Examine the influences of social connections and technology and civic engagement in academic and professional pursuits.
Evaluate the significance of social capital in the context of global citizenship and multicultural understanding.
Federal Policy
In recent years, immigration, health care reform, and fiscal policy have emerged as key issues in U.S. federal policy. There are many sides to each debate, and research is proliferating.
Using the Ashford Online Library, identify a scholarly article that answers research questions associated with the debate over immigration, health care reform, or fiscal policy (select one). Apply the principles of critical thinking to the selected issue. Cite the article or website that co.
AP LanguageMrs. MathewUnit 3 Synthesis ProjectYou will .docxjesuslightbody
AP Language
Mrs. Mathew
Unit 3: Synthesis Project
You will be creating an AP Exam Synthesis Question. The Synthesis Question gives you several sources and asks you to combine (synthesize) them with your own thoughts to create a cohesive essay. This is the same goal as a research paper. Your question (prompt) and sources should be formatted, labeled, and presented as on the AP Lang Exam. This will be modeled after the ones in the sample packets you were given.
Source Requirements:
· 8 sources
· No sources older than 10 years
· At least two sources published within the last two years (2020, 2021, 2022)
· Provide 1-2 sources that are images (political cartoons, graphs, charts, etc.)
· Sources should demonstrate a range of positions and approaches to the topic. Your goal is to figure out what 2-3 of the main “sides” are in the debate around the issue and represent those sides fairly.
Research Resources:
· Use this
link to access academic databases through CPS and Lane.
Example topics:
· Security vs Privacy: Personal Rights
· Standardized Education Movement
· Parenting Styles of the 21st Century
· Why Movements Matter: Voices of the People
· Technology’s Impact on American Families
Project Requirements:
Include, neatly formatted in one document
· Prompt page with directions, introduction, and assignment
· 6 sources
·
MLA citation of each source
· 3 potential thesis statements for this essay
a. One that is open
b. One that is closed
c. One that is a counter argument thesis.
· Choose one thesis statement, and create an outline of a response to ensure that others can synthesize these sources.
The most effective Synthesis Prompts give the test-takers a wide variety of sources to consider. These sources are of various types, lengths, and opinions. This diversity allows each test-taker to choose their own individual approach to the assignment while providing them with the tools to adequately synthesize into their paper.
You are going to choose EIGHT sources specific to your assigned topic. This will ensure that your group will be providing sources that show the complexity of the issue.
Therefore, when choosing your sources, keep several guidelines in mind:
1. Choose sources that cover a variety of viewpoints on your assigned topic, making sure to keep the sides evenly represented.
2. Choose sources from a wide variety of locations and formats. Use the list below as guidance; it is certainly not all-inclusive. Requirements are in CAPITAL letters. Beyond those required types, you may choose the rest of your sources at your discretion.
**ACADEMIC JOURNAL
National Newspaper (online or print editions)
Data
Online Article (NO WIKIPEDIA)
**EDITORIAL
Poll Results
** NEWS WEBSITE
Popular Culture Magazine
**IMAGE (graphs, charts, cartoons, photos)
Primary Book Source
Essay by an expert
Private Web Page or Blog post
Field-Specific Magazine article
Published letter from individual
Government Publicat.
Edited, Transcribed, and Annotated Dialogue: Transforming Face to Face Discus...Todd Davies
Presentation from Panel on Recent Perspectives on Online Deliberation, 67th Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, San Diego, May 26, 2017
I gave a talk at Xerox Europe Research Center (Grenoble, France) on Mar. 3. 2014. This included a couple of projects in my research lab that examine shared rationales in group activities.
Discussion question 1Prepare Prior to beginning work on this asLyndonPelletier761
Discussion question 1
Prepare: Prior to beginning work on this assignment, view the videos Scholarly and Popular Sources(1) (Links to an external site.), Why Can’t I Just Google? (Links to an external site.), and Effective Internet Search: Basic Tools and Advanced Strategies (Links to an external site.).
Reflect: Good research is a combination of many types of sources. Prior to taking this course, did you understand the differences between these sources and the importance of finding one type of resource over another?
Write: For this discussion, you will address the following prompts:
· Explain at least five differences between popular and scholarly sources used in research.
· Locate and summarize one peer-reviewed, scholarly source from the University of Arizona Global Campus Library and one popular source that pertain to your Final Paper topic. In your summary of each article, comment on the following: biases, reliability, strengths, and limitations.
· From the sources you summarized, list and explain at least five visual cues from the peer-reviewed, scholarly source that were not evident in the popular source.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length, which should include a thorough response to each prompt. You are required to provide in-text citations of applicable required reading materials and/or any other outside sources you use to support your claims. Provide full reference entries of all sources cited at the end of your response. Please use correct APA format when writing in-text citations (see In-Text Citation Helper (Links to an external site.)) and references (see Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.)).
Discussion question 2
Prepare: In preparation for this discussion forum, make a list of what you learned most throughout the process of researching your final essay topic, as well as difficulties you may have encountered along the way.
Reflect: Think about what you have learned in the development of your research findings on the global societal issue you chose in the Week 1 discussion forum, your proposed solution and its ethical outcomes, and share with your classmates why this specific issues requires further research.
Write: For this discussion, you will address the following prompts:
· Identify the global societal issue you have chosen to research for your Final Paper, an argumentative essay, and explain why further research on this topic is important.
· Provide a clear and concise thesis statement that includes a solution to the global societal issue (see Writing a Thesis Statement (Links to an external site.) for assistance).
· Explain how this global societal issue impacts a specific population.
· Locate a peer-reviewed scholarly source and provide statistical data that you found surprising on the topic.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length, which should include a thorough response to each prompt. You are required to provide in-text citations of applicable requir ...
AI in between online and offline discourse - and what has ChatGPT to do with ...Stefan Dietze
Talk at Bonn University on general AI and NLP challenges in the context of online discourse analysis. Specific focus on challenges arising from the widespread adoption of neural large language models.
Similar to Hidden Gems in the Wikipedia discussions: The Wikipedians' Rationales (20)
Improving Workplace Safety Performance in Malaysian SMEs: The Role of Safety ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: In the Malaysian context, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience a significant
burden of workplace accidents. A consensus among scholars attributes a substantial portion of these incidents to
human factors, particularly unsafe behaviors. This study, conducted in Malaysia's northern region, specifically
targeted Safety and Health/Human Resource professionals within the manufacturing sector of SMEs. We
gathered a robust dataset comprising 107 responses through a meticulously designed self-administered
questionnaire. Employing advanced partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques
with SmartPLS 3.2.9, we rigorously analyzed the data to scrutinize the intricate relationship between safety
behavior and safety performance. The research findings unequivocally underscore the palpable and
consequential impact of safety behavior variables, namely safety compliance and safety participation, on
improving safety performance indicators such as accidents, injuries, and property damages. These results
strongly validate research hypotheses. Consequently, this study highlights the pivotal significance of cultivating
safety behavior among employees, particularly in resource-constrained SME settings, as an essential step toward
enhancing workplace safety performance.
KEYWORDS :Safety compliance, safety participation, safety performance, SME
This tutorial presentation provides a step-by-step guide on how to use Facebook, the popular social media platform. In simple and easy-to-understand language, this presentation explains how to create a Facebook account, connect with friends and family, post updates, share photos and videos, join groups, and manage privacy settings. Whether you're new to Facebook or just need a refresher, this presentation will help you navigate the features and make the most of your Facebook experience.
Grow Your Reddit Community Fast.........SocioCosmos
Sociocosmos helps you gain Reddit followers quickly and easily. Build your community and expand your influence.
https://www.sociocosmos.com/product-category/reddit/
This tutorial presentation offers a beginner-friendly guide to using THREADS, Instagram's messaging app. It covers the basics of account setup, privacy settings, and explores the core features such as close friends lists, photo and video sharing, creative tools, and status updates. With practical tips and instructions, this tutorial will empower you to use THREADS effectively and stay connected with your close friends on Instagram in a private and engaging way.
Exploring The Dimensions and Dynamics of Felt Obligation: A Bibliometric Anal...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTARCT: This study presents, to our knowledge, the first bibliometric analysis focusing on the concept of
"felt obligation," examining 120 articles published between 1986 and 2024. The aim of the study is to deepen our
understanding of the existing knowledge in the field of "felt obligation" and to provide guidance for further
research. The analysis is centered around the authors, countries, institutions, and keywords of the articles. The
findings highlight prominent researchers in this field, leading universities, and influential journals. Particularly,
it is identified that China plays a leading role in "felt obligation" research. The analysis of keywords emphasizes
the thematic focuses of these studies and provides a roadmap for future research. Finally, various
recommendations are presented to deepen the knowledge in this area and promote applied research. This study
serves as a foundation to expand and advance the understanding of "felt obligation" in the field.
KEYWORDS: Felt Obligation, Bibliometric Analysis, Research Trends
Your LinkedIn Success Starts Here.......SocioCosmos
In order to make a lasting impression on your sector, SocioCosmos provides customized solutions to improve your LinkedIn profile.
https://www.sociocosmos.com/product-category/linkedin/
Project Serenity is an innovative initiative aimed at transforming urban environments into sustainable, self-sufficient communities. By integrating green architecture, renewable energy, smart technology, sustainable transportation, and urban farming, Project Serenity seeks to minimize the ecological footprint of cities while enhancing residents' quality of life. Key components include energy-efficient buildings, IoT-enabled resource management, electric and autonomous transportation options, green spaces, and robust waste management systems. Emphasizing community engagement and social equity, Project Serenity aspires to serve as a global model for creating eco-friendly, livable urban spaces that harmonize modern conveniences with environmental stewardship.
Surat Digital Marketing School is created to offer a complete course that is specifically designed as per the current industry trends. Years of experience has helped us identify and understand the graduate-employee skills gap in the industry. At our school, we keep up with the pace of the industry and impart a holistic education that encompasses all the latest concepts of the Digital world so that our graduates can effortlessly integrate into the assigned roles.
This is the place where you become a Digital Marketing Expert.
Unlock TikTok Success with Sociocosmos..SocioCosmos
Discover how Sociocosmos can boost your TikTok presence with real followers and engagement. Achieve your social media goals today!
https://www.sociocosmos.com/product-category/tiktok/
The Evolution of SEO: Insights from a Leading Digital Marketing AgencyDigital Marketing Lab
Explore the latest trends in Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and discover how modern practices are transforming business visibility. This document delves into the shift from keyword optimization to user intent, highlighting key trends such as voice search optimization, artificial intelligence, mobile-first indexing, and the importance of E-A-T principles. Enhance your online presence with expert insights from Digital Marketing Lab, your partner in maximizing SEO performance.
Telegram is a messaging platform that ushers in a new era of communication. Available for Android, Windows, Mac, and Linux, Telegram offers simplicity, privacy, synchronization across devices, speed, and powerful features. It allows users to create their own stickers with a user-friendly editor. With robust encryption, Telegram ensures message security and even offers self-destructing messages. The platform is open, with an API and source code accessible to everyone, making it a secure and social environment where groups can accommodate up to 200,000 members. Customize your messenger experience with Telegram's expressive features.
Your Path to YouTube Stardom Starts HereSocioCosmos
Skyrocket your YouTube presence with Sociocosmos' proven methods. Gain real engagement and build a loyal audience. Join us now.
https://www.sociocosmos.com/product-category/youtube/
Buy Pinterest Followers, Reactions & Repins Go Viral on Pinterest with Socio...SocioCosmos
Get more Pinterest followers, reactions, and repins with Sociocosmos, the leading platform to buy all kinds of Pinterest presence. Boost your profile and reach a wider audience.
https://www.sociocosmos.com/product-category/pinterest/
EASY TUTORIAL OF HOW TO USE G-TEAMS BY: FEBLESS HERNANEFebless Hernane
Using Google Teams (G-Teams) is simple. Start by opening the Google Teams app on your phone or visiting the G-Teams website on your computer. Sign in with your Google account. To join a meeting, click on the link shared by the organizer or enter the meeting code in the "Join a Meeting" section. To start a meeting, click on "New Meeting" and share the link with others. You can use the chat feature to send messages and the video button to turn your camera on or off. G-Teams makes it easy to connect and collaborate with others!
EASY TUTORIAL OF HOW TO USE G-TEAMS BY: FEBLESS HERNANE
Hidden Gems in the Wikipedia discussions: The Wikipedians' Rationales
1. Hidden Gems in the Wikipedia Discussions:
The Wikipedians’ Rationales
Lu Xiao
School of Information Studies
Syracuse University
lxiao04@syr.edu
Wikimania, Stockholm – August 17, 2019
1
2. Context: Wikipedia’s Article for Deletion
(AfD) Discussions
A Wikipedia article proposed to be deleted may undergo the community discussion
before a decision is made (e.g., to delete the article or to keep it). The article
tagged for Deletion Discussion is called “Article for Deletion” (AfD).
Comment: participant’s view (keep, delete, etc.) and his/her rationale
AfD discussion: keep, delete, other
2
Fig. 1. A Wikipedia AfD discussion example
3. How do participants’ rationales affect AfD
discussions?
3
Wikipedians’ rationales
in AfD discussions
Perceived Effects
Xiao & Askin, 2012
Sentiment of the Rationale
Xiao & Sitaula, 2018
Content of the Rationale
Xiao & Askin, 2014;
Javanmardi & Xiao, 2019
Language use of the Rationale
Mao, Mercer, & Xiao, 2014; Xiao
& Nickerson, 2019
Xiao, 2018
4. Online questionnaire: the perceived effects of AfD
participants’ rationales (Xiao & Askin, 2012)
Data Collection
wiki-research-l, Wikimedia-l, wikiEN-l, and Wikipedia-l
41 valid responses in over a month, 8 female, 28 male, and 5 chose “prefer not to
say”
Data Analysis and Result
Most respondents have been a Wikipedia editor for over 5 years (59%), while only one
had less than a year of experience.
“people understand other votes better by knowing rationales” (29 responses), “sharing
rationales helps control the quality of the discussion outcome” (25 responses), and “the
shared rationales help educate participants about Wikipedia’s policies” (24 responses)
“sharing rationales makes it more challenging to propose different opinions” (4
responses), sometimes “lengthy debates are a waste of time” because of misuse of
policy or processes” (5 responses)
Three types of most influential rationales: rationales that are about the article’s notability,
that cite Wikipedia’s policies, and that are from established Wikipedia editors (7
responses)
4
Xiao, L., & Askin, N. (2012) Deliberation in Wikipedia: Rationales in Article Deletion Discussions, the 75th Annual Meeting of Association for
Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) (Oct. 26-30, Baltimore, MD, USA), 49: 1–4. doi: 10.1002/meet.14504901234
5. What’s in an AfD rationale: a traditional content
analysis (Xiao & Askin, 2014)5
Xiao, L., & Askin, N. (2014). What Influences Online Deliberation? A Wikipedia Study, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and
Technology, 65: 898–910
Data
Data Analysis: open and iterative coding
Day # of Articles Total votes for
Keep
Total votes for
delete
Total other
votes 9merge,
userfy, etc.)
June 1, 2010 89 127 280 37
June 1, 2011 73 119 212 23
Jan. 15, 2012 67 109 200 63
6. A traditional content analysis: Results
Most participants offered their rationales including when they express their
agreement/disagreement, as requested by Wikipedia’s policy on voting
A good portion of rationales referred to Wikipedia policies or topics
notability far outweighs the second most frequent rationale, credibility.
articles about people, forprofit organizations, and definitions are slightly more likely to be
deleted than expected
articles about locations or events are more likely to be kept than expected
articles about nonprofit organizations and media are more likely to be suggested for other
options (e.g., merge, redirect, etc.) than expected.
AfD participants not only provide arguments and rationales about their opinions but also
take actions to help improve the articles and make them acceptable to the community
6
Xiao, L., & Askin, N. (2014). What Influences Online Deliberation? A Wikipedia Study, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and
Technology, 65: 898–910
7. What’s in an AfD Rationale: a computational and
visualization approach (Javanmardi & Xiao, 2019)7
Javanmardi, A., Xiao, L. (2019). What’s in the Content of Wikipedia’s Article for Deletion Discussions? Towards a Visual Analytic Approach, the Sixth
Wiki Workshop at the 2019 Web Conference (May 14, San Francisco, USA), 1215-1223
AfD discussions dated from May 15, 2013, to May 15, 2015
To prepare the dataset for further computational analysis techniques, we removed
5% of the dataset that caused difficulties when parsing the HTML content to extract
the parts.
39, 177 discussions from the raw about 40, 000 discussions.
A SQL Database that organizes AfD discussion data (e.g., content, title, outcome,
etc.) as well as additional information (e.g., total number of comments, category of
the article, policies mentioned in the comments)
Dataset (https://minio.webservices.ischool.syr.edu/minio/research-data/)
8. 8
Participant’s vote in following choices Vote
stored as
Number of Top level
comments in the
analysis
Strong delete, speedy delete, delete, weak delete Delete 21,589
Weak keep, keep Keep 7,976
Note, comment, question, speedy close, closing
administrator, relisted, text, reviews, speedy
decline, withdraw, userfy, move and dab, move,
oppose, merge, redirect, redirect and merge
Other 8,196
Table 1. a comment’s vote and its distribution in the analyzed data
What’s in an AfD Rationale: a computational and
visualization approach (Javanmardi & Xiao, 2019)
Javanmardi, A., Xiao, L. (2019). What’s in the Content of Wikipedia’s Article for Deletion Discussions? Towards a Visual Analytic Approach, the Sixth Wiki
Workshop at the 2019 Web Conference (May 14, San Francisco, USA), 1215-1223
9. The Policies Mentioned in the Participants’ Rationales
9
http://www.mandanemedia.com/afd/view/diagram3.php
What’s in an AfD Rationale: a computational and
visualization approach (Javanmardi & Xiao, 2019)
The Mapping of Article Categories and Mentioned
Policies in the Rationales
http://www.mandanemedia.com/afd/view/diagram5.php
10. AfD Rationales’ Sentiments and the Discussion
Outcome (Xiao & Sitaula, 2018)
VADER for sentiment measure
Our analysis suggests that:
• Discussions that had delete outcome are more than expected to
have negative and neutral sentiment and less than expected to have
positive sentiment.
• Discussions that had keep or other outcome are more than expected
to have positive sentiment and less than expected to have negative
and neutral sentiment.
10
Xiao, L. Sitaula, N. (2018). Sentiments in Wikipedia Articles for Deletion Discussions. Proceeding of
iConference (Mar. 25 – 28, Sheffield, UK), 81-86. Springer. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-
319-78105-1_10
11. Language use of AfD Rationales I: Imperatives
11
Mao, W. T., Mercer, R., & Xiao, L. (2014). Extracting Imperatives from Wikipedia Article for Deletion Discussions, First Workshop on Argumentation
Mining at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) (June 22 – 27, Baltimore, MD, USA), retrieved on Mar. 31,
2016, http://acl2014.org/acl2014/W14-21/pdf/W14-2117.pdf
Xiao, L., & Nickerson, J. V. (2019). Imperatives in past online discussions: Another helpful source for community newcomers? Proceedings of the 52nd
Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Jan. 8 – 11, Grand Wailea, Maui, USA), IEEE, http://hdl.handle.net/10125/59966
Data
• One week of the Wikipedia AfD discussions for each month of 2013, i.e., 84 days of AfD
discussion pages – 4,593 discussions
• Imperative extraction tool by Mao, Mercer, and Xiao (2014) extracted 2, 768 imperative
statements
Data cleaning
• 1, 272 of 2, 768 imperative statements were kept for further analysis
• 59% of discarded statements (N = 884): non-imperatives
• Remaining discarded statements: did not contain decontextualized knowledge (e.g.,
Listen, Go ahead, Come on here)
Data analysis: open and iterative coding process
12. Type of Request/Suggestion Number of Imperatives (Percentage)
Type 1: Article Content 196 (15.4%)
Type 2: Wikipedia Technical 165 (13.0%)
Type 3: Discussion Norm or Practice 150 (11.8%)
Type 4: Reference 364 (28.6%)
Type 5:Reasoning/Evaluation
Perspectives
397 (31.2%)
Language use of AfD Rationales I: Imperatives (Mao,
Mercer, & Xiao, 2014; Xiao & Nickerson, 2019)
Results
Table 3: Types Of Requests Or Suggestions in these AfD Imperative Rationales
12
13. Language use of AfD Rationales II: Persuasive vs.
Non-Persuasive Rationales13
Xiao, L. (2018). A Message's Persuasive Features in Wikipedia's Article for Deletion Discussions. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on
Social Media and Society (July 18 – 20, Copenhagen, Denmark), 345-349. ACM.
Identifying Persuasive and Non-Persuasive Rationales
Persuasive rationale: rationale of a participant’s view that is the same as the
discussion outcome
Non-persuasive message: a rationale of a participant’s view that is the opposite of the
discussion outcome
75,942 persuasive comments and 8,687 non-persuasive comments
Included in our analysis: 1710 persuasive vs. 2195 non-persuasive comments
only kept those discussions that have both persuasive and non-persuasive comments and
have equal or more number of non-persuasive comments than the persuasive ones – to
alleviate the situation that the persuasive power is accumulated from multiple persuasive
comments.
Removed noised data (“#NAME”, “#name”, word count < 3)
14. Language use of AfD Rationales II: Persuasive vs.
Non-Persuasive Rationales (Xiao, 2018)14
Xiao, L. (2018). A Message's Persuasive Features in Wikipedia's Article for Deletion Discussions. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on
Social Media and Society (July 18 – 20, Copenhagen, Denmark), 345-349. ACM.
Language use in Persuasive vs. Non-Persuasive Rationales
Linguistic Inquiry & Word Count (LIWC) Analysis Tool
Results
The use of punctuation marks
The use of emotion words
The drives by power and risk
Length of a comment
15. How do participants’ rationales affect the
outcome of an AfD discussion?
15
Wikipedians’ rationales
in AfD discussions
Perceived Effects
Xiao & Askin, 2012
Sentiment of the Rationale
Xiao & Sitaula, 2018
Content of the Rationale
Xiao & Askin, 2014;
Javanmardi & Xiao, 2019
Language use of the Rationale
Mao, Mercer, & Xiao, 2014; Xiao
& Nickerson, 2019
Xiao, 2018
Future Work
• Participant
(e.g., Gender, Status)
• Temporal
• Topic/Category
…
16. The Categories of the AfD articles
16
www.mandanemedia.com/afd/view/diagram4.php
Three categories have the highest
percentages of the delete comments:
Martial Art, Football, and Sportspeople.
Three categories tend to have higher
percentage of keep comments: History,
Crime, and Architectures.
Other Visualizations in this Study (Javanmardi &
Xiao, 2019)
17. Acknowledgement
Collaborators:
Nicole Askin, Ali Javanmardi, Niraj Sitaula, Jeffrey Nickerson, Wanting
Mao, Robert Mercer
Funding support:
The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
17
19. Background
The rationales provided by the others can make an impact on the
individual and on the collective activity (Xiao, 2013; Xiao &
Carroll, 2013; Xiao & Carroll, 2015; Xiao, 2014)
Awareness of the others’ intellectual contribution and domain expertise
The individual’s reflective thinking
The group work’s quality
19
Xiao, L. (2013) The Effects of a Shared Free Form Rationale Space in Collaborative Learning Activities, Journal of Systems and Software, 86(7), 1727 –
1737
Xiao, L. (2014). Effects of rationale awareness in online ideation crowdsourcing tasks, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and
Technology, 65, 1707-1720, doi: 10.1002/asi.23079
Xiao, L., & Carroll, J. M. (2013) The Effects of Rationale Awareness on Individual Reflection: Processes in Virtual Group Activities, International Journal
of e-Collaboration, 9(2), 78 – 95
Xiao, L., & Carroll, J. M. (2015). Shared practices in articulating and sharing rationale: An empirical study. International Journal of e-Collaboration,
11(4), Article 2, 11-39.
20. A traditional content analysis: Coding Schema
20
Table 3 in Xiao, L., & Askin, N. (2014). What
Influences Online Deliberation? A Wikipedia
Study, Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology, 65:
898–910
21. AfD Rationales’ Sentiments and the Discussion
Outcome (Xiao & Sitaula, 2018)
Results (VADER for sentiment measure)
Label # of Delete discussions # of Other discussions # of Keep discussions
Positive 2460 1498 1739
Neutral 17641 6389 6011
Negative 1488 309 226
Table 2. Sentiment labels on the outcome of a discussion
We conducted a chi-square test based on this result and obtained a p-value < 0.001. The
test results suggest that:
• Discussions that had delete outcome are more than expected to have negative and
neutral sentiment and less than expected to have positive sentiment.
• Discussions that had keep or other outcome are more than expected to have
positive sentiment and less than expected to have negative and neutral sentiment.
21
22. The Outcomes vs the No. of Keep/Delete Opinions
22
www.mandanemedia.com/afd/view/diagram1.php www.mandanemedia.com/afd/view/diagram2.php
Other Visualizations in this Study (Javanmardi &
Xiao, 2019)
Editor's Notes
These responses suggest a healthy online deliberation environment in
the Wikipedia AfD discussions – Wikipedia’s policies (e.g., notability and credibility) are highly regarded,
and editors’ experiences and knowledge are well respected.
Our coding schema considered four ways of arguing for/against notability in the rationales: content notability, external source notability, topic notability, and other general notability. Thirty-five percent of the notability rationales, the largest percentage of the four, focused on external source notability, that is, whether or not the articles provided external evidence that showed notability.
A large percentage of the notability rationales focus on external source notability, that is, whether or not the articles provided external evidence that showed notability. Of these rationales, the majority considered independent and third-party external sources, with small percentage used Google hits and media coverage as a way to check if an article was notable or not.
For each of the four policy categories, the percentage of its delete comments was over 75%. These policies are Wikipedia:SPAM, Wikipedia:CSD, Wikipedia:ATH, and Wikipedia:TOOSOON.
The high percentage of keep comments implies that in a lot of situations when this policy is mentioned it's because the participant believes the nominator made a mistake in nominating the article. The low percentage of mentioning this policy in the dataset implies that such mistake seldom happens.
Suggestions on Reasoning/Evaluation Perspectives
Let's not forget that newspapers are a for-profit enterprise, as are the vast majority of news sources;
Remember, we both agreed that after cutting needless plot summary, the article would only amount to a stub;
Let's not pull the trigger so fast;
Please provide evidence that this is the case.
Type 3 imperatives (suggestions on discussion norm or practice) reveal the practices and norms on how to phrase or pitch one’s perspectives in the discussion forum. They can also be about how to format messages in this discussion forum. Examples: Incidentally, at the risk of being a stickler for language please note that this is not a vote but a discussion; First and foremost, stick to standard message formatting, so that others can contribute without disruption
Type 1 and Type 2 imperatives are suggestions very specific to individual
Newcomers in AfD discussions are often not familiar with the evaluation criteria and process, and are often also new editors of Wikipedia articles (Schneider, Samp, Passant, & Decker, 2013)
Type 5 imperatives (suggestions on reasoning/evaluation perspectives) often evaluate the articles at a higher level or may function as a reflection trigger in the process. Examples: Please comment on notability of article; Please read both articles thoroughly; Think about this article in that context
Type 4 imperatives (reference suggestion) show that Wikipedia policies were referred to frequently (12.3%), consistent with previous studies (e.g., Viégas, Wattenberg, Kriss, & Van Ham, 2007)
This visualization also offers a bar chart (see Figure 1) that uses the total number of an AfD's votes as the X-axis and the number of discussions as the Y-axis. The red bar represents the AfDs with delete outcomes, and the green ones keep outcomes. It shows that majority of the discussions in this database had five votes in total, and around 80% of these AfDs had delete outcome.
One can hover over a cell to view the exact amount of AfDs contained in it. The cells in the first column up to row 5 contains about 56% of the AfD. The cells within columns 1-5 and rows 1-6 contain 91% of the AfDs. The cells within the columns 1-10 and the rows 1-10 contain 98% of the AfDs. As the pattern suggests, most of the AfDs had less than 5 keep votes and 5 delete votes.