Simple

1. Viral Hepatitis Infection
DIAGNOSTIC MEDICIE-2
CHOs Final Year in training.
Dr. Brima Bobson Sesay
Medicine Department-NU.

2. What is Hepatitis?
• Hepatitis is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver
• There are five main types of viral hepatitis: A, B, C, D, E
• Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated
food or water
• Hepatitis B, C and D are typically caused by contact with contaminated
blood or body fluids
• In particular viral hepatitis types B and C lead to chronic disease in
hundreds of millions
of people and, together, are the most common cause of liver cirrhosis
and cancer
• About 1 million people die each year from causes related to viral
hepatitis

4. The Basic Structure of Hepatitis B

5. • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the smallest
enveloped DNA viruses/
• The prototype member of the family of
Hepadnaviridae that causes acute and chronic
infections of human.
• HBV has evolved an extreme adaptation and
dependency to differentiated hepatocytes of
its host.

7. Meaning Acute
Infection
Chronic
Infection
Cleared
infection
Immunised Healthy
Carrier
HB core
Antibody
Exposure
+ + + - +
HB surface
Antigen
Infection
+ + - - -
HB surface
Antibody
Immunity
- - + + -

8. c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ - -
c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ + -
c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ + -
c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ - +
c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ - +
c Ab s Ag s Ab
+ + -
c Ab s Ag s Ab
- - +
Immunised
> 6 months

9. Reduced Risk
Cirrhosis
HCCa
Mortality
Prevent Transmission

10. Hepatitis C
200 million worldwide
3% worlds population
1.5 million deaths per year from HCV related liver disease
80% Acute HCV asymptomatic
80% become Chronic
Most common symptom = Fatigue