This document provides instructions and substitutions for making a potato soup. It includes a list of ingredients like red potatoes, butter, flour, half-and-half, Velveeta cheese, seasonings and toppings. The directions are to dice and boil potatoes, make a cream sauce with butter and flour, add the other ingredients and cook for 30 minutes before serving topped with bacon, cheese, chives and parsley. Substitutions are suggested for many of the ingredients.

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3. 3 lbs red potatoes

4. 1/4 cup butter How to select: Butter is perishable, check the pack date at the store before you buy. Substitutions: margarine, do not substitute whipped or low-fat butter when baking; 1 stick of butter = 8 tablespoons = 1/2 cup = 1/4 pound; To cut cholesterol and fat, you can also use oils in place of butter on a 1:1 ratio in some recipes, although texture and taste are often affected. This must simply be worked with.

5. 1/4 cup flour How to select: Cake flour often comes in a box rather than a bag, near the cake mixes. Substitutions: 1 cup + 2 tbsp sifted cake flour = 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour; 1 cup minus 2 tbsp unsifted flour = 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour; 1 1/2 cups breadcrumbs = 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour

6. 8 cups half-and-half A mixture of half milk and half cream. It has 10-12% milkfat and c Cannot be whipped. Substitutions: Equal parts milk and cream 1 cup half and half = 1 cup less 2 tablespoons milk plus 1 1/2 tablespoons melted butter

7. 1 (16 ounce) package Velveeta cheese, melted Substitutions: Chesdale Cheese

8. White Pepper How to select: Black and white are available whole, cracked, and ground. How to prepare: Whole peppercorns freshly ground with a pepper mill deliver more flavor than preground.

9. Garlic Powder Substitutions: fresh garlic (Substitute 1 clove for every 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder.) OR garlic salt (Substitute 4 teaspoons garlic salt for every teaspoon garlic powder, then reduce salt in recipe by 3 teaspoons.) OR garlic juice (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic juice) OR garlic flakes (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic flakes) OR granulated garlic (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/4 teaspoon granulated garlic )

10. 1 teaspoon hot pepper sauce

11. 1/2 lb bacon, fried crisp How to select: You will get 16-20 regular slices per pound, when purchased sliced. You can also buy slab bacon to slice yourself. Cracklings are the bits of fried bacon rind. You can also purchased pre-cooked bacon bits for salads, and the like, but if they are true bacon they will need to be refrigerated. Imitation bacon bits are sold on the shelf. Substitutions: 1 slice bacon = 1 tbsp bacon bits; bacon = smoke sausage = turkey bacon = Canadian bacon = boiled, baked or smoked ham

12. 1 cup cheddar cheese, shredded Substitutions: colby, tilamook, cheshire, American cheese

13. 1/2 cup fresh chives, chopped How to select: Look for slender green chives with a uniform green color and no signs of wilting or browning. How to prepare: Often snipped and sprinkled on food just before serving for seasoning. Substitutions: 1 tsp chopped green onion tops = 1 tbsp chopped chives

14. 1/2 cup fresh parsley, chopped How to select: Choose bright green leaves that show no sign of wilting. How to prepare: The leaves are most commonly used, however the stalks are good for adding flavor to stocks. Substitutions: 1 tsp dried parsley = 1 tbsp fresh parsley; curly parsley or Italian parsley or chervil or celery tops or cilantro

15. Dice unpeeled red potatoes into 1/2 inch cubes. Place in large saucepan; cover with water and bring to a boil. Let boil for 10 minutes or until 3/4 cooked. In a separate pan, combine melted margarine and flour, mixing until smooth. Place over low heat and gradually add half-and-half, stirring constantly. Continue to stir until smooth and liquid begins to thicken. Add melted Velveeta. Stir well. Drain potatoes and add to cream mixture. Stir in pepper, garlic powder and hot pepper sauce. Cover and cook over low heat for 30 minutes, stirring occasionally. Place soup into individual serving bowls and top with crumbled bacon, shredded cheese, chives and parsley.

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