Health and wellness a brief introduction

1. Dr. Ramsha Masood

2.  The word health is derived from the Old english
term hal,meaning sound,or whole.
 It is broadly defined by the Webster dictionary as:
the state of being healthy,happy and prosperous.
 A state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity". (WHO) 1948
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3. Prevention Practice
 Health care paradigm have shifted from
one emphasizing illness to….. one stressing
health, function, quality of life and well being.
This shift in health care has resulted in a surge
in prevention practice designed to reduce
disease through helping people modify their
lifestyle behaviours to optimize health.
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4.  Balance of physical,mental and social health
POOR HEALTH
It may include physical ailments causing acute or
chronic disabilities as well as mental health
issues that limit independent functioning.
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5.  Wellness is often used synonymously with
health.
 According to National Wellness institute:
 Wellness is an active process of becoming
aware of and making choices toward a more
successful existence.
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6. Dimentions of Wellness
 Physical
 Spirtual
 Social
 Psychological
 Emotional
 intellectual
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7.  The Doctor of the future will give no medicine
but will interest his patient in the care of the
human frame, in diet, and in the cause and
prevention of disease.
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8.  Canadian Holistic Medical Association emphasizes
 The need to look at the whole person, including analysis of
physical, nutritional, environmental, emotional, social,
spiritual and lifestyle values.
 It encompasses all stated modalities of diagnosis and
treatment including drugs and surgery if no safe alternative
exists.
 Holistic medicine focuses on education and responsibility for
personal efforts to achieve balance and well being.
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9.  This expended perspective of holistic health
care considers
THE WHOLE PERSON AND THE WHOLE
SITUATION.
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10.  Allopathic medicine; Western medicine,
mainstream medicine, orthodox medicine, and
regular medicine; and biomedicine.
 A system in which medical doctors and other
healthcare professionals (such as nurses,
pharmacists, and therapists) treat symptoms
and diseases using drugs, radiation, or surgery.
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11.  People who use conventional medicine usually do
not seek treatment until they become ill; there is
little emphasis on preventive treatment.
 The main causes of illness are considered to be
pathogens-bacteria or viruses-or biochemical
imbalances.
 Scientific tests are often used in diagnosis. Drugs,
surgery, and radiation are among the key tools for
dealing with the problems.
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12.  Conventional treatments are treatments of diseases, not of
people.
 The side effects of these drugs are a direct extension of their
actions and may be fatal.
 A Harvard research team concluded that 180,000 Americans
are killed in hospitals by their doctors every year. Most of these
deaths occur because doctors prescribe drugs without paying
attention to the special characteristics of the person for whom
the drugs are prescribed.
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13. COMPARING HOLISTIC & CONVENTIONAL
MEDICINE
 PHILOSOPHY:
Based on allopathic,
osteopathic, naturopathic
and ethno-medicine.
 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
To promote optimal health, to
prevent or treat disease.
 DIAGNOSIS:
Medical history, physical
exam, Lab data, holistic
health care sheet.
 Based on allopathic
medicine.
 To cure or reduce pathology.
 Medical history, physical
exam, Lab data.
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14. Cont……
 PRIMARY CARE METHOD
Empowers patient to heal
themselves through health
promotion & lifestyle
changes.
 PRIMARY CARE TREATMENT
OPTIONS:
Diet, exercise, environmental
measures, attitudinal &
behavioral modification,
relationship & spiritual
counselling.
 Eliminates sign and
symptoms.
 Medications and surgery.
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15. Cont…..
 SECONDARY CARE
TREATMENT OPTIONS:
Botanical medicine,
homeopathy,
acupuncture, manual
medicine, biomolecular
therapies, physical
therapy, medications &
surgery.
 Diet, exercise, physical
therapy and stress
management.
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16. Cont…..
 WEAKNESSES:
Shortage of holistic
physicians and training
programs; time-intensive not
a quick fix.
 STRENGTHS:
Teaches patient to take
responsibility for their own
health, so its cost effective in
treating both acute and
chronic illnesses. Therapeutic
in preventing& treating
chronic diseases & essential
in creating optimal health,
 Ineffective in preventing and
curing chronic disease;
expensive.
 Highly therapeutic in treating
both acute and life
threatening illness and
injuries.
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17.  Primary Prevention:
 Preventing a target condition in a susceptible
or potentially susceptible population through
specific measures such as general health
promotion efforts
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18.  Secondary Prevention:
 Decreasing the duration of illness, severity of
disease, and number of sequelae.
[abnormalities following or resulting from
disease, injury, or treatment] through early
diagnosis and prompt intervention.
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19.  Tertiary prevention:
 Limiting the degree of disability and promoting
rehabilitation and restoration of function in
patients with chronic or reversible disease.
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20. PREVENTING CARE PERFORMED BY PHYSICAL
THERAPISTS:
 Screening activities:
• Identification of children with possible
developmental delay.
• Scoliosis in school going adolescents.
• Detection of ergonomic risk factors in work
place.
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21. Cont…..
 Prevention activities:
• Pre-partum and post-partum exercises classes
to improve woman’s health.
• Exercise classes for elders to enhance balance
and flexibility.
• Cardiovascular conditioning activities for
individuals who are at risk for obesity.
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22. Role of Physical Therapist
• PT are expert in Evaluation, examination, motor capabilities, goals,and
functional limitations of individuals with musculoskeletal, neurological,
cardiopulmonary, integumentary and other systems.
 PT Optimize health and manage illness through customized exercises that
enhance motor control, fitness and address potential medical complication.
 PT determines an individual’s functional capabilities by examining the
requisite motor skills and behaviour needed to perform tasks relevent to
that individual’s role in scociety.Athlete vs. older patient. Personal sense of
meaningful living.
 Optimal quality of life.
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23. Role of Physical Therapist
 Traditionally: in the management of Physical impairments
and functional limitation ,associated with an individual’s
medical problem.
 Currently:
• in prevention, identifying risk factors, developing health
promotion strategies that affect health, fitness and
wellness.
• PT apply their extensive knowledge for improving or
adapting movements & motor tasks for more
independent function.
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24. Key role
 PT determines an individual’s functional
capabilities by examining the requisite motor
skills and behavior needed to perform tasks
relevant to that individual’s role in society e.g.
Athlete vs. older patient.
 Providing education, guidance, consultation,
direct intervention to maintain physical activity
for self care, mobility, leisure skills, work and
play.
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25. Guide to Physical Therapist practice
 PT restore, maintain and promote not only
optimal physical function, but optimal wellness
and fitness and optimal quality of life as it
relates to movement and health.
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26. Thank you
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