1) The document is an MLA formatted research paper that examines the debate around employer monitoring of employee internet usage. 2) It discusses how most companies now monitor employee internet usage and outlines some of the methods used, such as keystroke logging programs. 3) The paper also explores arguments for and against employer monitoring, weighing concerns about security and productivity against concerns about employee privacy and autonomy.
The presentation of 'Management Information System' subject of TEIT under 'University of Pune' INDIA. Author and Teacher: Tushar B Kute
http://www.tusharkute.com
tbkute@gmail.com
Edward; w5; employee privacy report; 08.16.11. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Ch...Edward F. T. Charfauros
Edward F. T. Charfauros, inspiring author, assists fellow students with their presentation for a successful grade. He also blogs upon his own inspiring blog, where you'll discover life changing stuff. Sign up for his blog by sending him an email~
Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www.YourBlogorResume.net.
When developer's api simplify user mode rootkits developing.Yury Chemerkin
This is a series of articles about shell extensions that enhance high-level features of any operation system. However, such possibilities not only enrich platform but simplify developing trojans, exploits that leads to the new security holes. Mostly this kind of extensions are known as usermode rootkits.
http://hakin9.org/theultimat/
Read Navigating the Flood of BYOD to find out what challenges to secure your network architecture. When Total Application and Network Visibility is implemented, BYOD helps employees to stay in touch with their personal lives while keeping their business lives separate, preserving the confidentiality and integrity of each—all on the same device. This adds up to productivity, security and morale.
All About New E-Discovery Rules And Federal Civil Procedure Rules With Information About Federal Litigation, Personal Digital Assistants, Electronic Discovery, Employment Law Firm, Labor Law Firm And More.
The presentation of 'Management Information System' subject of TEIT under 'University of Pune' INDIA. Author and Teacher: Tushar B Kute
http://www.tusharkute.com
tbkute@gmail.com
Edward; w5; employee privacy report; 08.16.11. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Ch...Edward F. T. Charfauros
Edward F. T. Charfauros, inspiring author, assists fellow students with their presentation for a successful grade. He also blogs upon his own inspiring blog, where you'll discover life changing stuff. Sign up for his blog by sending him an email~
Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www.YourBlogorResume.net.
When developer's api simplify user mode rootkits developing.Yury Chemerkin
This is a series of articles about shell extensions that enhance high-level features of any operation system. However, such possibilities not only enrich platform but simplify developing trojans, exploits that leads to the new security holes. Mostly this kind of extensions are known as usermode rootkits.
http://hakin9.org/theultimat/
Read Navigating the Flood of BYOD to find out what challenges to secure your network architecture. When Total Application and Network Visibility is implemented, BYOD helps employees to stay in touch with their personal lives while keeping their business lives separate, preserving the confidentiality and integrity of each—all on the same device. This adds up to productivity, security and morale.
All About New E-Discovery Rules And Federal Civil Procedure Rules With Information About Federal Litigation, Personal Digital Assistants, Electronic Discovery, Employment Law Firm, Labor Law Firm And More.
This approach mainly based on examines how many differences do exist between BlackBerry OS and new BlackBerry OS based on QNX OS. It highlights whether one techniques provide more easy implementation, investigation and handling or not, what common differences examiners may encounter and what they should as concept be involved to forensic handling with these platforms because a Playbook OS is completely a new approach.
http://hakin9.org/dont-be-mocked-secure-your-system-0512-2/
Rothke Using Kazaa To Test Your Security PostureBen Rothke
An effective corporate information security policy will completely ban the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing software,
such as Morpheus and Kazaa.
MLA Research Paper (Orlov)Anna OrlovProfessor Willis.docxraju957290
MLA Research Paper (Orlov)
Anna Orlov
Professor Willis
English 101
17 March XXXX
Online Monitoring:
A Threat to Employee Privacy in the Wired Workplace
As the Internet has become an integral tool of businesses,
company policies on Internet usage have become as common as
policies regarding vacation days or sexual harassment. A 2005
study by the American Management Association and ePolicy
Institute found that 76% of companies monitor employees’ use of
the Web, and the number of companies that block employees’
access to certain Web sites has increased 27% since 2001 (1).
Unlike other company rules, however, Internet usage policies often
include language authorizing companies to secretly monitor their
employees, a practice that raises questions about rights in the
workplace. Although companies often have legitimate concerns
that lead them to monitor employees’ Internet usage—from
expensive security breaches to reduced productivity—the benefits
of electronic surveillance are outweighed by its costs to employees’
privacy and autonomy.
While surveillance of employees is not a new phenomenon,
electronic surveillance allows employers to monitor workers with
unprecedented efficiency. In his book The Naked Employee,
Frederick Lane describes offline ways in which employers have been
permitted to intrude on employees’ privacy for decades, such as
drug testing, background checks, psychological exams, lie detector
Orlov 1
Title is centered.
Opening sentences
provide background
for thesis.
Marginal annotations indicate MLA-style formatting and effective writing.
Thesis asserts
Orlov’s main point.
Summary and long
quotation are
introduced with a
signal phrase
naming the author.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
This paper has been updated to follow the style guidelines in the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers,
7th ed. (2009).
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
tests, and in-store video surveillance. The difference, Lane argues,
between these old methods of data gathering and electronic
surveillance involves quantity:
Technology makes it possible for employers to gather
enormous amounts of data about employees, often
far beyond what is necessary to satisfy safety or
productivity concerns. And the trends that drive
technology—faster, smaller, cheaper—make it possible
for larger and larger numbers of employers to gather
ever-greater amounts of personal data. (3-4)
Lane points out that employers can collect data whenever
employees use their computers—for example, when they send e-mail,
surf the Web, or even arrive at or depart from their workstations.
Another key difference between traditional surveillance and
electronic surveillance is that employers can monitor workers’
computer use secretly. One popular monitoring method is keystroke
logging, which is done by means of an undetectable program on
employees’ computers. The Web site of a v ...
APA Writing Sample Extortion on the JobValorie J. King, PhDApril .docxjustine1simpson78276
APA Writing Sample: Extortion on the JobValorie J. King, PhDApril 2, 2014
Running Head: APA WRITING SAMPLE 1
Running Head: APA WRITING SAMPLE 5
Introduction
Writing as Anonymous (2003), the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of a major United States (US) corporation told a chilling tale of email based extortion attempts against employees who had received extortion threats via email sent to their corporate email addresses. The corporation, its managers, and the individual employees who were targeted faced a number of issues and dilemmas as they responded to security incident caused by the extortion attempts. In the following analysis, one issue–the enforcement of acceptable use policies–is discussed and critiqued.Analysis
The Attack
Drive by download attacks occur when a legitimate Web server has been infected with malware or malicious scripts which deliver malware, pornography, or other objectionable material along with the Web page content that the visitor was expecting to see (Microsoft, 2014; Niki, 2009). These types of attacks are difficult to detect and often result in the infection of large numbers of visitors before the infection is detected and removed from the Web site.
In this attack, computers used by the affected employees (victims) were compromised by a drive by download attack (Microsoft, 2014) which resulted in the download of pornographic materials while they were browsing websites which, in turn, had been compromised (Anonymous, 2003). The attackers also obtained each visitor’s email address from the Web browser. Extortion emails were sent to victims demanding credit card payment of hush fees. The extortionists told the victims exactly where the contraband files were located on the computer hard drive and assured the victims that it was impossible to remove those files.
Why the Problem Went Unreported
Anonymous (2003) discovered that he was dealing with “paranoid users who don't trust security people” (p. 1). There are many possible reasons why employees turn into paranoid users who are unwilling to self-report for security incidents, even those which are accidental. Two such reasons are enforcement of zero tolerance for violations and perceptions of unfairness or a lack of justice.
Zero tolerance. The previous CISO implemented a zero tolerance policy with respect to acceptable use policy (AUP) violations (Anonymous, 2003). Under this zero-tolerance policy, a number of employees were terminated (fired), without due process or hearings to establish guilt or innocence. When employees began receiving extortion emails and threats, they believed that their jobs could be placed at risk, regardless of their innocence or guilt with respect to downloading of pornography to company computers, if they reported the presence of pornographic files (pushed to the computer by the extortionists).
Perceptions of fairness and justice. When employees feel that IT policy enforcement is unfair, the situation is usually accompanied.
Introduction to Access Control Week6 Part1-IS Revis.docxmariuse18nolet
Introduction to Access Control
Week6 Part1-IS
RevisionSu2013
Access Control
Access control is fundamental to Information security. Access control supports the three
security tenets of Confidentiality, Integrity and Accessibility of information assets. There
are two broad categories of access control we are going to discuss: Computer system
access control and physical access control.
Computer system access control covers the mechanisms that are used to control access to
information assets stored on computer systems. Physical access control covers
mechanisms that control access to rooms, buildings and other containers that are used to
physically store information assets.
Computer System Access Control
Now that we have differentiated between physical and computer access control we will
use the term access control to refer to the respective area we are discussing, which in this
section is computer system access.
Access control is fundamental to computer security. In some very trusted environments
where there is “no fear” of malicious destruction of information the following example
may be a workable model. For example, you have a home PC. Everyone in your house
shares the use of one account. This is effectively allowing everyone the same access to all
the files, programs, services available to that account. While this may work on a trust
level there is still the risk of accidental information lost. Perhaps one party worked for
hours writing a paper or doing their homework and another party comes along and
inadvertently creates a file of the same name, or they accidentally delete the file.
In some work environments there are shared accounts that are used to log orders, check
out customers, create customer accounts and perform other operations. With multiple
people accessing one account there is no firm record of what individual did what. You
may be able to loosely correlate who was working at a given time, but if there is an
absolute requirement to align who did what there is no way to do that with shared
accounts. Shared accounts allow users to repudiate their actions.
If there is no control over who has access to information assets the potential for
information free-for-all exists. Anyone can access anything. Anyone can read, modify,
and delete information owned by anyone else. Access control protects against malicious
and accidental information lost.
Some form of access control is required in information systems. In most systems there
are several levels of access control which supports the principle of defense in depth.
Access Control
Access control is fundamental to a secure information processing infrastructure. Access
control concepts are implemented redundantly throughout an information infrastructure.
This is consistent with the principle of security in depth. Access control mechanisms are
implemented in the operating system, applications, route.
Malicious-URL Detection using Logistic Regression TechniqueDr. Amarjeet Singh
Over the last few years, the Web has seen a
massive growth in the number and kinds of web services.
Web facilities such as online banking, gaming, and social
networking have promptly evolved as has the faith upon them
by people to perform daily tasks. As a result, a large amount
of information is uploaded on a daily to the Web. As these
web services drive new opportunities for people to interact,
they also create new opportunities for criminals. URLs are
launch pads for any web attacks such that any malicious
intention user can steal the identity of the legal person by
sending the malicious URL. Malicious URLs are a keystone
of Internet illegitimate activities. The dangers of these sites
have created a mandates for defences that protect end-users
from visiting them. The proposed approach is that classifies
URLs automatically by using Machine-Learning algorithm
called logistic regression that is used to binary classification.
The classifiers achieves 97% accuracy by learning phishing
URLs
Make presence in a building or area a policy in accessing network resources by integrating physical and network access through the Trusted Computing Group's IF-MAP communications standard.
The objective of this workshop is to show existing Oracle Database (Enterprise
Edition, Exadata, Autonomous Database, EXACS, DBCS) customers how to
attach your Database to Data safe and gain valuable understanding of
potential risks. Using user Assessment, understand rights and entitlement of
users and review activity auditing which provides powerful insight to database
interaction. The workshop will finish with a full sensitive data discovery and
then how to anonymize date with sensitive data masking.
The workshop is delivered in an interactive way with Presentations and Hands on
Labs to ensure complete understanding.
Behavioural biometrics and cognitive security authentication comparison studyacijjournal
Behavioural
biometrics is a scien
tific study with the primary purpose of identifying the authenticity of a
user based on the way they interact with an authentication mechanism. While Association based password
authentication is a cognitive model of authentication system.
The work done shows the implementation of Keyboard Latency technique for Authentication,
implementation of Association Based Password authentication and comparison among two. There are
several forms of behavioural biometrics such as voice analysis, signat
ure verification, and keystroke
dynamics. In this study, evidence is presented indicating that keystroke dynamics is a viable method not
only for user verification, but also for identification as well. The work presented in this model borrows
ideas from th
e bioinformatics literature such as position specific scoring matrices (motifs) and multiple
sequence alignments to provide a novel approach to user verification and identification within the context
of a keystroke dynamics based user authentication system
. Similarly Cognitive approach can be defined in
many ways of which one is association based Technique for authentication
An Overview of Information Systems Security Measures in Zimbabwean Small and ...researchinventy
This paper reports on the Information Systems (IS) securitymeasures implemented by small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in Zimbabwe. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 32 randomly selected participants in order to investigate the security measures and practices in their respective organisations. The results indicated that over 50% of the respondents had installed firewalls, while more than 80% carried out regular software updates and none of the respondents had intrusion detection systems. The researchers recommended that SMEs work to enhance their knowledge on the different IS threats in order to enable the implementation of preventive measures.
The user requirements of a new system for Railway reservation system may include:
1.Easy-to-use Interface: The new system should have a simple and intuitive user interface that allows users to quickly and easily access the web application and service providers to efficiently respond to requests.
2.Comprehensive Coverage: The new system should have an extensive coverage area that ensures drivers in all locations have access to timely and reliable assistance.
3.Integration with Modern Technologies: The new system should be fully integrated with modern communication channels and technologies, such as mobile devices and GPS, to allow for efficient and accurate communication between drivers and service providers.
4.Fast Response Times: The new system should ensure that service providers can quickly and efficiently respond to service requests, minimizing wait times for drivers in need of assistance.
5.Reliable Service: The new system should provide drivers with access to reliable and trustworthy service providers, ensuring that they receive high-quality service and repairs.
6.24/7 Availability: The new system should be available 24/7, ensuring that drivers can request assistance at any time of the day or night.
7.Transparent Pricing: The new system should provide transparent and fair pricing for all services, ensuring that drivers know what to expect and are not subject to unexpected or unreasonable charges.
|
By meeting these user requirements, a new system for On Road Vehicle Breakdown Assistance can provide drivers with a reliable, efficient, and easy-to-use platform for accessing assistance and ensuring their safety on the road.
This approach mainly based on examines how many differences do exist between BlackBerry OS and new BlackBerry OS based on QNX OS. It highlights whether one techniques provide more easy implementation, investigation and handling or not, what common differences examiners may encounter and what they should as concept be involved to forensic handling with these platforms because a Playbook OS is completely a new approach.
http://hakin9.org/dont-be-mocked-secure-your-system-0512-2/
Rothke Using Kazaa To Test Your Security PostureBen Rothke
An effective corporate information security policy will completely ban the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing software,
such as Morpheus and Kazaa.
MLA Research Paper (Orlov)Anna OrlovProfessor Willis.docxraju957290
MLA Research Paper (Orlov)
Anna Orlov
Professor Willis
English 101
17 March XXXX
Online Monitoring:
A Threat to Employee Privacy in the Wired Workplace
As the Internet has become an integral tool of businesses,
company policies on Internet usage have become as common as
policies regarding vacation days or sexual harassment. A 2005
study by the American Management Association and ePolicy
Institute found that 76% of companies monitor employees’ use of
the Web, and the number of companies that block employees’
access to certain Web sites has increased 27% since 2001 (1).
Unlike other company rules, however, Internet usage policies often
include language authorizing companies to secretly monitor their
employees, a practice that raises questions about rights in the
workplace. Although companies often have legitimate concerns
that lead them to monitor employees’ Internet usage—from
expensive security breaches to reduced productivity—the benefits
of electronic surveillance are outweighed by its costs to employees’
privacy and autonomy.
While surveillance of employees is not a new phenomenon,
electronic surveillance allows employers to monitor workers with
unprecedented efficiency. In his book The Naked Employee,
Frederick Lane describes offline ways in which employers have been
permitted to intrude on employees’ privacy for decades, such as
drug testing, background checks, psychological exams, lie detector
Orlov 1
Title is centered.
Opening sentences
provide background
for thesis.
Marginal annotations indicate MLA-style formatting and effective writing.
Thesis asserts
Orlov’s main point.
Summary and long
quotation are
introduced with a
signal phrase
naming the author.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
This paper has been updated to follow the style guidelines in the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers,
7th ed. (2009).
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
tests, and in-store video surveillance. The difference, Lane argues,
between these old methods of data gathering and electronic
surveillance involves quantity:
Technology makes it possible for employers to gather
enormous amounts of data about employees, often
far beyond what is necessary to satisfy safety or
productivity concerns. And the trends that drive
technology—faster, smaller, cheaper—make it possible
for larger and larger numbers of employers to gather
ever-greater amounts of personal data. (3-4)
Lane points out that employers can collect data whenever
employees use their computers—for example, when they send e-mail,
surf the Web, or even arrive at or depart from their workstations.
Another key difference between traditional surveillance and
electronic surveillance is that employers can monitor workers’
computer use secretly. One popular monitoring method is keystroke
logging, which is done by means of an undetectable program on
employees’ computers. The Web site of a v ...
APA Writing Sample Extortion on the JobValorie J. King, PhDApril .docxjustine1simpson78276
APA Writing Sample: Extortion on the JobValorie J. King, PhDApril 2, 2014
Running Head: APA WRITING SAMPLE 1
Running Head: APA WRITING SAMPLE 5
Introduction
Writing as Anonymous (2003), the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of a major United States (US) corporation told a chilling tale of email based extortion attempts against employees who had received extortion threats via email sent to their corporate email addresses. The corporation, its managers, and the individual employees who were targeted faced a number of issues and dilemmas as they responded to security incident caused by the extortion attempts. In the following analysis, one issue–the enforcement of acceptable use policies–is discussed and critiqued.Analysis
The Attack
Drive by download attacks occur when a legitimate Web server has been infected with malware or malicious scripts which deliver malware, pornography, or other objectionable material along with the Web page content that the visitor was expecting to see (Microsoft, 2014; Niki, 2009). These types of attacks are difficult to detect and often result in the infection of large numbers of visitors before the infection is detected and removed from the Web site.
In this attack, computers used by the affected employees (victims) were compromised by a drive by download attack (Microsoft, 2014) which resulted in the download of pornographic materials while they were browsing websites which, in turn, had been compromised (Anonymous, 2003). The attackers also obtained each visitor’s email address from the Web browser. Extortion emails were sent to victims demanding credit card payment of hush fees. The extortionists told the victims exactly where the contraband files were located on the computer hard drive and assured the victims that it was impossible to remove those files.
Why the Problem Went Unreported
Anonymous (2003) discovered that he was dealing with “paranoid users who don't trust security people” (p. 1). There are many possible reasons why employees turn into paranoid users who are unwilling to self-report for security incidents, even those which are accidental. Two such reasons are enforcement of zero tolerance for violations and perceptions of unfairness or a lack of justice.
Zero tolerance. The previous CISO implemented a zero tolerance policy with respect to acceptable use policy (AUP) violations (Anonymous, 2003). Under this zero-tolerance policy, a number of employees were terminated (fired), without due process or hearings to establish guilt or innocence. When employees began receiving extortion emails and threats, they believed that their jobs could be placed at risk, regardless of their innocence or guilt with respect to downloading of pornography to company computers, if they reported the presence of pornographic files (pushed to the computer by the extortionists).
Perceptions of fairness and justice. When employees feel that IT policy enforcement is unfair, the situation is usually accompanied.
Introduction to Access Control Week6 Part1-IS Revis.docxmariuse18nolet
Introduction to Access Control
Week6 Part1-IS
RevisionSu2013
Access Control
Access control is fundamental to Information security. Access control supports the three
security tenets of Confidentiality, Integrity and Accessibility of information assets. There
are two broad categories of access control we are going to discuss: Computer system
access control and physical access control.
Computer system access control covers the mechanisms that are used to control access to
information assets stored on computer systems. Physical access control covers
mechanisms that control access to rooms, buildings and other containers that are used to
physically store information assets.
Computer System Access Control
Now that we have differentiated between physical and computer access control we will
use the term access control to refer to the respective area we are discussing, which in this
section is computer system access.
Access control is fundamental to computer security. In some very trusted environments
where there is “no fear” of malicious destruction of information the following example
may be a workable model. For example, you have a home PC. Everyone in your house
shares the use of one account. This is effectively allowing everyone the same access to all
the files, programs, services available to that account. While this may work on a trust
level there is still the risk of accidental information lost. Perhaps one party worked for
hours writing a paper or doing their homework and another party comes along and
inadvertently creates a file of the same name, or they accidentally delete the file.
In some work environments there are shared accounts that are used to log orders, check
out customers, create customer accounts and perform other operations. With multiple
people accessing one account there is no firm record of what individual did what. You
may be able to loosely correlate who was working at a given time, but if there is an
absolute requirement to align who did what there is no way to do that with shared
accounts. Shared accounts allow users to repudiate their actions.
If there is no control over who has access to information assets the potential for
information free-for-all exists. Anyone can access anything. Anyone can read, modify,
and delete information owned by anyone else. Access control protects against malicious
and accidental information lost.
Some form of access control is required in information systems. In most systems there
are several levels of access control which supports the principle of defense in depth.
Access Control
Access control is fundamental to a secure information processing infrastructure. Access
control concepts are implemented redundantly throughout an information infrastructure.
This is consistent with the principle of security in depth. Access control mechanisms are
implemented in the operating system, applications, route.
Malicious-URL Detection using Logistic Regression TechniqueDr. Amarjeet Singh
Over the last few years, the Web has seen a
massive growth in the number and kinds of web services.
Web facilities such as online banking, gaming, and social
networking have promptly evolved as has the faith upon them
by people to perform daily tasks. As a result, a large amount
of information is uploaded on a daily to the Web. As these
web services drive new opportunities for people to interact,
they also create new opportunities for criminals. URLs are
launch pads for any web attacks such that any malicious
intention user can steal the identity of the legal person by
sending the malicious URL. Malicious URLs are a keystone
of Internet illegitimate activities. The dangers of these sites
have created a mandates for defences that protect end-users
from visiting them. The proposed approach is that classifies
URLs automatically by using Machine-Learning algorithm
called logistic regression that is used to binary classification.
The classifiers achieves 97% accuracy by learning phishing
URLs
Make presence in a building or area a policy in accessing network resources by integrating physical and network access through the Trusted Computing Group's IF-MAP communications standard.
The objective of this workshop is to show existing Oracle Database (Enterprise
Edition, Exadata, Autonomous Database, EXACS, DBCS) customers how to
attach your Database to Data safe and gain valuable understanding of
potential risks. Using user Assessment, understand rights and entitlement of
users and review activity auditing which provides powerful insight to database
interaction. The workshop will finish with a full sensitive data discovery and
then how to anonymize date with sensitive data masking.
The workshop is delivered in an interactive way with Presentations and Hands on
Labs to ensure complete understanding.
Behavioural biometrics and cognitive security authentication comparison studyacijjournal
Behavioural
biometrics is a scien
tific study with the primary purpose of identifying the authenticity of a
user based on the way they interact with an authentication mechanism. While Association based password
authentication is a cognitive model of authentication system.
The work done shows the implementation of Keyboard Latency technique for Authentication,
implementation of Association Based Password authentication and comparison among two. There are
several forms of behavioural biometrics such as voice analysis, signat
ure verification, and keystroke
dynamics. In this study, evidence is presented indicating that keystroke dynamics is a viable method not
only for user verification, but also for identification as well. The work presented in this model borrows
ideas from th
e bioinformatics literature such as position specific scoring matrices (motifs) and multiple
sequence alignments to provide a novel approach to user verification and identification within the context
of a keystroke dynamics based user authentication system
. Similarly Cognitive approach can be defined in
many ways of which one is association based Technique for authentication
An Overview of Information Systems Security Measures in Zimbabwean Small and ...researchinventy
This paper reports on the Information Systems (IS) securitymeasures implemented by small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in Zimbabwe. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 32 randomly selected participants in order to investigate the security measures and practices in their respective organisations. The results indicated that over 50% of the respondents had installed firewalls, while more than 80% carried out regular software updates and none of the respondents had intrusion detection systems. The researchers recommended that SMEs work to enhance their knowledge on the different IS threats in order to enable the implementation of preventive measures.
The user requirements of a new system for Railway reservation system may include:
1.Easy-to-use Interface: The new system should have a simple and intuitive user interface that allows users to quickly and easily access the web application and service providers to efficiently respond to requests.
2.Comprehensive Coverage: The new system should have an extensive coverage area that ensures drivers in all locations have access to timely and reliable assistance.
3.Integration with Modern Technologies: The new system should be fully integrated with modern communication channels and technologies, such as mobile devices and GPS, to allow for efficient and accurate communication between drivers and service providers.
4.Fast Response Times: The new system should ensure that service providers can quickly and efficiently respond to service requests, minimizing wait times for drivers in need of assistance.
5.Reliable Service: The new system should provide drivers with access to reliable and trustworthy service providers, ensuring that they receive high-quality service and repairs.
6.24/7 Availability: The new system should be available 24/7, ensuring that drivers can request assistance at any time of the day or night.
7.Transparent Pricing: The new system should provide transparent and fair pricing for all services, ensuring that drivers know what to expect and are not subject to unexpected or unreasonable charges.
|
By meeting these user requirements, a new system for On Road Vehicle Breakdown Assistance can provide drivers with a reliable, efficient, and easy-to-use platform for accessing assistance and ensuring their safety on the road.
A New Frontier in Securing Sensitive Information – Taneja Group, April 2007LindaWatson19
Sensitive Information is increasingly landing in the hands of malicious individuals either through external breaches or insider thefts from employees or contractors. This paper looks into what it takes to secure sensitive information and thwart and potential breaches.
Industrial Control Systems Go Mobile in the CloudLockheed Martin
Industrial control systems are increasingly becoming interconnected with local area networks, wide area networks, extranet networks, and cloud computing environments. Cloud and mobile technologies provide a competitive advantage for global companies. In this research, a DevOps approach to cloud-based applications development was used to create a capability for industrial control systems management and reporting.
1. MLA Research Paper (Orlov)
Orlov 1
Anna Orlov
Professor Willis
English 101
17 March XXXX
Title is centered. Online Monitoring:
A Threat to Employee Privacy in the Wired Workplace
Opening sentences As the Internet has become an integral tool of businesses,
provide background
for thesis. company policies on Internet usage have become as common as
policies regarding vacation days or sexual harassment. A 2005
study by the American Management Association and ePolicy
Institute found that 76% of companies monitor employees’ use of
the Web, and the number of companies that block employees’
access to certain Web sites has increased 27% since 2001 (1).
Unlike other company rules, however, Internet usage policies often
include language authorizing companies to secretly monitor their
employees, a practice that raises questions about rights in the
Thesis asserts workplace. Although companies often have legitimate concerns
Orlov’s main point.
that lead them to monitor employees’ Internet usage—from
expensive security breaches to reduced productivity—the benefits
of electronic surveillance are outweighed by its costs to employees’
privacy and autonomy.
While surveillance of employees is not a new phenomenon,
electronic surveillance allows employers to monitor workers with
Summary and long unprecedented efficiency. In his book The Naked Employee,
quotation are
introduced with a Frederick Lane describes offline ways in which employers have been
signal phrase
naming the author.
permitted to intrude on employees’ privacy for decades, such as
drug testing, background checks, psychological exams, lie detector
Marginal annotations indicate MLA-style formatting and effective writing.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
This paper has been updated to follow the style guidelines in the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers,
7th ed. (2009).
2. Orlov 2
tests, and in-store video surveillance. The difference, Lane argues,
between these old methods of data gathering and electronic
surveillance involves quantity:
Technology makes it possible for employers to gather Long quotation is
set off from the
enormous amounts of data about employees, often text; quotation
marks are omitted.
far beyond what is necessary to satisfy safety or
productivity concerns. And the trends that drive
technology—faster, smaller, cheaper—make it possible
for larger and larger numbers of employers to gather
ever-greater amounts of personal data. (3-4) Page number is
given in parentheses
Lane points out that employers can collect data whenever after the final period.
employees use their computers—for example, when they send e-mail,
surf the Web, or even arrive at or depart from their workstations.
Another key difference between traditional surveillance and Clear topic
sentences, like
electronic surveillance is that employers can monitor workers’ this one, are used
throughout the
computer use secretly. One popular monitoring method is keystroke paper.
logging, which is done by means of an undetectable program on
employees’ computers. The Web site of a vendor for Spector Pro, a
popular keystroke logging program, explains that the software can
be installed to operate in “Stealth” mode so that it “does not show
up as an icon, does not appear in the Windows system tray, . . .
[and] cannot be uninstalled without the Spector Pro password
which YOU specify” (“Automatically”). As Lane explains, these Source with an
unknown author is
programs record every key entered into the computer in hidden cited by a shortened
title.
directories that can later be accessed or uploaded by supervisors;
the programs can even scan for keywords tailored to individual
companies (128-29).
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
3. Orlov 3
Orlov anticipates Some experts have argued that a range of legitimate concerns
objections and
provides sources justifies employer monitoring of employee Internet usage. As PC
for opposing views.
World columnist Daniel Tynan points out, companies that don’t
monitor network traffic can be penalized for their ignorance:
“Employees could accidentally (or deliberately) spill confidential
information . . . or allow worms to spread throughout a corporate
network.” The ePolicy Institute, an organization that advises
companies about reducing risks from technology, reported that
breaches in computer security cost institutions $100 million in
1999 alone (Flynn). Companies also are held legally accountable
for many of the transactions conducted on their networks and with
their technology. Legal scholar Jay Kesan points out that the law
holds employers liable for employees’ actions such as violations
of copyright laws, the distribution of offensive or graphic sexual
material, and illegal disclosure of confidential information (312).
Transition helps These kinds of concerns should give employers, in certain
readers move from
one paragraph to instances, the right to monitor employee behavior. But employers
the next.
rushing to adopt surveillance programs might not be adequately
weighing the effect such programs can have on employee morale.
Employers must consider the possibility that employees will
perceive surveillance as a breach of trust that can make them feel
like disobedient children, not responsible adults who wish to
perform their jobs professionally and autonomously.
Orlov treats both Yet determining how much autonomy workers should be given
sides fairly; she pro-
vides a transition to is complicated by the ambiguous nature of productivity in the
her own argument.
wired workplace. On the one hand, computers and Internet access
give employees powerful tools to carry out their jobs; on the other
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
4. Orlov 4
Fig. 1. This "Dilbert" comic strip suggests that personal Internet Illustration has
figure number,
usage is widespread in the workplace (Adams 106). caption, and
source information.
hand, the same technology offers constant temptations to avoid
work. As a 2005 study by Salary.com and America Online indicates,
the Internet ranked as the top choice among employees for ways of
wasting time on the job; it beat talking with co-workers—the
second most popular method—by a margin of nearly two to one
(Frauenheim). Chris Gonsalves, an editor for eWeek.com, argues
that the technology has changed the terms between employers and
employees: “While bosses can easily detect and interrupt water-
cooler chatter,” he writes, “the employee who is shopping at
Lands’ End or IMing with fellow fantasy baseball managers may
actually appear to be working.” The gap between behaviors that No page number is
available for this
are observable to managers and the employee’s actual activities Web source.
when sitting behind a computer has created additional motivations
for employers to invest in surveillance programs. “Dilbert,” a
popular cartoon that spoofs office culture, aptly captures how
rampant recreational Internet use has become in the workplace
(see fig. 1).
But monitoring online activities can have the unintended Orlov counters
opposing views
effect of making employees resentful. As many workers would and provides
support for her
argument.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
5. Orlov 5
be quick to point out, Web surfing and other personal uses of
the Internet can provide needed outlets in the stressful work
environment; many scholars have argued that limiting and policing
these outlets can exacerbate tensions between employees and
Orlov uses a brief managers. Kesan warns that “prohibiting personal use can seem
signal phrase to
move from her extremely arbitrary and can seriously harm morale. . . . Imagine
argument to the
words of a source.
a concerned parent who is prohibited from checking on a sick
child by a draconian company policy” (315-16). As this analysis
indicates, employees can become disgruntled when Internet usage
policies are enforced to their full extent.
Additionally, many experts disagree with employers’
assumption that online monitoring can increase productivity.
Employment law attorney Joseph Schmitt argues that, particularly
for employees who are paid a salary rather than by the hour, “a
company shouldn’t care whether employees spend one or 10 hours
on the Internet as long as they are getting their jobs done—and
Orlov cites an provided that they are not accessing inappropriate sites” (qtd. in
indirect source:
words quoted in Verespej). Other experts even argue that time spent on personal
another source.
Internet browsing can actually be productive for companies.
According to Bill Coleman, an executive at Salary.com, “Personal
Internet use and casual office conversations often turn into new
business ideas or suggestions for gaining operating efficiencies”
(qtd. in Frauenheim). Employers, in other words, may benefit from
showing more faith in their employees’ ability to exercise their
autonomy.
Employees’ right to privacy and autonomy in the workplace,
however, remains a murky area of the law. Although evaluating
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
6. Orlov 6
where to draw the line between employee rights and employer
powers is often a duty that falls to the judicial system, the courts
have shown little willingness to intrude on employers’ exercise of
control over their computer networks. Federal law provides few
guidelines related to online monitoring of employees, and only
Connecticut and Delaware require companies to disclose this type
of surveillance to employees (Tam et al.). “It is unlikely that we
will see a legally guaranteed zone of privacy in the American
workplace,” predicts Kesan (293). This reality leaves employees
and employers to sort the potential risks and benefits of technology
in contract agreements and terms of employment. With continuing Orlov sums up
her argument and
advances in technology, protecting both employers and employees suggests a course
of action.
will require greater awareness of these programs, better disclosure
to employees, and a more public discussion about what types of
protections are necessary to guard individual freedoms in the wired
workplace.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
7. Orlov 7
Heading is centered. Works Cited
Adams, Scott. Dilbert and the Way of the Weasel. New York: Harper,
2002. Print.
List is alphabetized American Management Association and ePolicy Institute. “2005
by authors’ last
names (or by title Electronic Monitoring and Surveillance Survey.” American
when a work has
no author).
Management Association. American Management Assn., 2005.
Web. 15 Feb. 2006.
“Automatically Record Everything They Do Online! Spector Pro 5.0
Abbreviation “n.d.” FAQ’s.” Netbus.org. Netbus.org, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2006.
indicates that the
online source has Flynn, Nancy. “Internet Policies.” ePolicy Institute. ePolicy Inst.,
no update date.
n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2006.
Frauenheim, Ed. “Stop Reading This Headline and Get Back to
Work.” CNET News.com. CNET Networks, 11 July 2005. Web.
17 Feb. 2006.
First line of each Gonsalves, Chris. “Wasting Away on the Web.” eWeek.com. Ziff
entry is at the left
margin; extra lines Davis Enterprise Holdings, 8 Aug. 2005. Web. 16 Feb. 2006.
are indented 1⁄ 2''.
Kesan, Jay P. “Cyber-Working or Cyber-Shirking? A First Principles
Examination of Electronic Privacy in the Workplace.” Florida
Law Review 54.2 (2002): 289-332. Print.
Double-spacing is Lane, Frederick S., III. The Naked Employee: How Technology
used throughout.
Is Compromising Workplace Privacy. New York: Amer.
Management Assn., 2003. Print.
A work with four Tam, Pui-Wing, et al. “Snooping E-Mail by Software Is Now a
authors is listed by
the first author’s Workplace Norm.” Wall Street Journal 9 Mar. 2005: B1+. Print.
name and the ab-
Tynan, Daniel. “Your Boss Is Watching.” PC World. PC World
breviation “et al.”
(for “and others”). Communications, 6 Oct. 2004. Web. 17 Sept. 2006.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).
8. Orlov 8
Verespej, Michael A. “Inappropriate Internet Surfing.” Industry Week.
Penton Media, 7 Feb. 2000. Web. 16 Feb. 2006.
Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007).