This document provides a table of contents for a book on Occitan literature from early texts to the 18th century. It lists over 100 works in various genres, including cansos, sirventes, narratives, didactic texts, and works from trobairitz (female troubadours). The works are in Old Occitan and span different historical periods of Occitan literature, from the anonymous works to texts by famous authors like Dante Alighieri, Rabelais, and Locke. The document outlines the scope and breadth of Occitan literary works covered in the book.
Elite Marketing Group provides experiential marketing and cross-media promotional activity which encourages two way interaction and direct physical immersion into a brand. Contact them to know more.
The document discusses using sports programs to address health and social issues for children in Haiti resulting from the 2010 earthquake. It proposes organizing children's basketball and football teams with trained coaches to promote health through preventing diseases and increasing knowledge of hygiene and diet. Key actions include running sports competitions and workshops on preventing HIV/AIDS, STIs, and promoting hygiene and nutrition habits. The goal is to support children's physical and psychological development and reduce disease rates.
Automatizziamo l’invio di comunicazioni a liste di distribuzione email, SMS e FAX, realizzando applicazioni web personalizzate in base alle esigenze del cliente.
Dalle newsletter informative basate su modelli dinamici all’invio di buoni sconto, dalla risposta automatica in base alle scelte di un utente su un sito all’invio di market research e survey.
La caratteristica principale della nostra soluzione è data dalla possibilità di creare flussi applicati- vi su misura per il cliente, integrando all'occorrenza servizi e piattaforme di terze parti per realiz- zare applicazioni web uniche e performanti perfettamente integrate ai sistemi gestionali.
Attraverso un editor per il caricamento di contenuti semplificato e ottimizzato a seconda delle esigenze operative è possibile creare landing page dedicate per ogni comunicazione. Tutte le co- municazioni e landing page possono essere multi-lingua e i destinatari delle comunicazioni, oltre a provenire dall’iscrizione online, possono essere importati tramite tracciati excel o sincronizzati tramite webservice/ftp da sistemi gestionali o piattaforme online dotate di API.
Utilizzando le liste di distribuzione dinamiche è anche possibile definire diversi target in base agli interessi o alla provenienza da una landing page.
Face au désengagement du conseil départemental des Pyrénées-Atlantiques sur une politique linguistique pour l'occitan, le Collectif "Tòcas'i se gausas" se mobilise.
Elite Marketing Group provides experiential marketing and cross-media promotional activity which encourages two way interaction and direct physical immersion into a brand. Contact them to know more.
The document discusses using sports programs to address health and social issues for children in Haiti resulting from the 2010 earthquake. It proposes organizing children's basketball and football teams with trained coaches to promote health through preventing diseases and increasing knowledge of hygiene and diet. Key actions include running sports competitions and workshops on preventing HIV/AIDS, STIs, and promoting hygiene and nutrition habits. The goal is to support children's physical and psychological development and reduce disease rates.
Automatizziamo l’invio di comunicazioni a liste di distribuzione email, SMS e FAX, realizzando applicazioni web personalizzate in base alle esigenze del cliente.
Dalle newsletter informative basate su modelli dinamici all’invio di buoni sconto, dalla risposta automatica in base alle scelte di un utente su un sito all’invio di market research e survey.
La caratteristica principale della nostra soluzione è data dalla possibilità di creare flussi applicati- vi su misura per il cliente, integrando all'occorrenza servizi e piattaforme di terze parti per realiz- zare applicazioni web uniche e performanti perfettamente integrate ai sistemi gestionali.
Attraverso un editor per il caricamento di contenuti semplificato e ottimizzato a seconda delle esigenze operative è possibile creare landing page dedicate per ogni comunicazione. Tutte le co- municazioni e landing page possono essere multi-lingua e i destinatari delle comunicazioni, oltre a provenire dall’iscrizione online, possono essere importati tramite tracciati excel o sincronizzati tramite webservice/ftp da sistemi gestionali o piattaforme online dotate di API.
Utilizzando le liste di distribuzione dinamiche è anche possibile definire diversi target in base agli interessi o alla provenienza da una landing page.
Face au désengagement du conseil départemental des Pyrénées-Atlantiques sur une politique linguistique pour l'occitan, le Collectif "Tòcas'i se gausas" se mobilise.
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! Final Matka ! Matka Result ! Dpboss Matka ! Matka Guessing ! Satta Matta Matka 143 ! Kalyan Matka ! Satta Matka Fast Result ! Kalyan Matka Guessing ! Dpboss Matka Guessing ! Satta 143 ! Kalyan Chart ! Kalyan final ! Satta guessing ! Matka tips ! Matka 143 ! India Matka ! Matka 420 ! matka Mumbai ! Satta chart ! Indian Satta ! Satta King ! Satta 143 ! Satta batta ! Satta मटका ! Satta chart ! Matka 143 ! Matka Satta ! India Matka ! Indian Satta Matka ! Final ank
Heart Touching Romantic Love Shayari In English with ImagesShort Good Quotes
Explore our beautiful collection of Romantic Love Shayari in English to express your love. These heartfelt shayaris are perfect for sharing with your loved one. Get the best words to show your love and care.
This document announces the winners of the 2024 Youth Poster Contest organized by MATFORCE. It lists the grand prize and age category winners for grades K-6, 7-12, and individual age groups from 5 years old to 18 years old.
This tutorial offers a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Pinterest. It covers the basics such as account creation and navigation, as well as advanced techniques including creating eye-catching pins and optimizing your profile. The tutorial also explores collaboration and networking on the platform. With visual illustrations and clear instructions, this tutorial will equip you with the skills to navigate Pinterest confidently and achieve your goals.
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
Boudoir photography, a genre that captures intimate and sensual images of individuals, has experienced significant transformation over the years, particularly in New York City (NYC). Known for its diversity and vibrant arts scene, NYC has been a hub for the evolution of various art forms, including boudoir photography. This article delves into the historical background, cultural significance, technological advancements, and the contemporary landscape of boudoir photography in NYC.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! Final Matka ! Matka Result ! Dpboss Matka ! Matka Guessing ! Satta Matta Matka 143 ! Kalyan Matka ! Satta Matka Fast Result ! Kalyan Matka Guessing ! Dpboss Matka Guessing ! Satta 143 ! Kalyan Chart ! Kalyan final ! Satta guessing ! Matka tips ! Matka 143 ! India Matka ! Matka 420 ! matka Mumbai ! Satta chart ! Indian Satta ! Satta King ! Satta 143 ! Satta batta ! Satta मटका ! Satta chart ! Matka 143 ! Matka Satta ! India Matka ! Indian Satta Matka ! Final ank
Heart Touching Romantic Love Shayari In English with ImagesShort Good Quotes
Explore our beautiful collection of Romantic Love Shayari in English to express your love. These heartfelt shayaris are perfect for sharing with your loved one. Get the best words to show your love and care.
This document announces the winners of the 2024 Youth Poster Contest organized by MATFORCE. It lists the grand prize and age category winners for grades K-6, 7-12, and individual age groups from 5 years old to 18 years old.
This tutorial offers a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Pinterest. It covers the basics such as account creation and navigation, as well as advanced techniques including creating eye-catching pins and optimizing your profile. The tutorial also explores collaboration and networking on the platform. With visual illustrations and clear instructions, this tutorial will equip you with the skills to navigate Pinterest confidently and achieve your goals.
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
Boudoir photography, a genre that captures intimate and sensual images of individuals, has experienced significant transformation over the years, particularly in New York City (NYC). Known for its diversity and vibrant arts scene, NYC has been a hub for the evolution of various art forms, including boudoir photography. This article delves into the historical background, cultural significance, technological advancements, and the contemporary landscape of boudoir photography in NYC.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Grains of gold contents
1. 15 Introduction
1. Early texts
Anonymous
23 Tomida femina/A swollen woman
Anonymous
24 Boeci/Boethius
Anonymous
29 Sponsus/The Bridegroom
Anonymous
32 ‘Mei amic e mei fiel’/‘My friends and faithful company’
Anonymous
35 Cançon de Santa Fe/Song of Saint Fides
Guilhem IX, Duke of Aquitaine, VII Count of Poitiers
40 ‘En Alvernhe part Lemozi’/‘In Auvergne beyond the Limousin’
2. Troubadours – Canso
Jaufré Rudel
46 ‘Lanqand li jorn son lonc en mai’/‘When that the days grow long in May’
Bernart de Ventadorn
49 ‘Can vei la lauzeta mover’/‘When I see the lark move her wings’
Raimbaut d’Aurenga
53 ‘Er resplan la flors enversa’/‘Now blossoms the anti-flower’
Giraut de Bornelh
56 ‘Non puesc sofrir c’a la dolor’/‘No matter what pain I suffer’
Arnaut Daniel
61 ‘Lo ferm voler q’el cor m’intra’/‘Into my heart such desire enters’
Contents
2. Peire Vidal
63 ‘Ab l’alen tir vas me l’aire’/‘Deeply inhaling, I drink in the air’
Folquet de Marselha
65 ‘Tant m’abellis l’amoros pessamens’/‘So charmed am I by the thought of
love’
Raimon de Miraval
69 ‘Bel m’es qu’ieu chant e coindei’/‘It pleases me to sing and court’
3. Troubadours – Other lyric and poetic genres
Cercamon
74 ‘Pus nostre temps comens’a brunezir’/‘Since our season begins to grow
dark’
Bertran de Born
77 ‘Be.m platz lo gais temps de pascor’/‘Oh how I love gay Eastertime’
Marcabru
81 ‘L’autrier jost una sebissa’/‘The other day along a hedgerow’
‘Bernart de Ventadorn’ – ‘Peirol’ (Anonymous?)
86 ‘Peirol, cum avetz tant est’/‘Peirol, why have you gone so long’
Gaucelm Faidit
89 ‘Perdigons, vostre sen digaz’/‘Perdigon, tell me your opinion’
Lo Monge de Montaudon
94 ‘Fort m’enoia, s’o auzes dire’/‘Some things annoy me, if I dare say’
Giraut de Bornelh
98 ‘Reis glorios, verais lums e clartatz’/‘Glorious King of true light and clarity’
Albertet de Sestaro
101 ‘Bel m’es oimais’/‘It’s good for me now’
Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
105 ‘Kalenda maia’/‘Now Mayday has come’
Peire Vidal
110 ‘Drogoman Senher, s’ieu agues bon destrier’/‘My Lord Interpreter, if I had
a good charger’
Sordèl (Sordello)
113 ‘Planher vuelh en Blacatz en aquest leugier so’/‘I shall grieve for Sir Blacatz
to this sprightly tune’
Bertran d’Alamanon
116 ‘Ja de chantar nulh temps no serai mutz’/‘Never shall I refrain from
singing’
Peire Cardenal
119 ‘Una ciutatz fo, no sai cals’/‘Once was a city, I can’t say its name’
2 GRAINS OF GOLD
3. CONTENTS 3
4. Medieval Women’s Voices: the Trobairitz
Tibors de Sarenom
124 ‘Bels dous amics, ben vos puosc en ver dir’/‘Fair, sweet friend, I can truly
tell you’
La Comtessa de Dia
125 ‘A chantar m’er de so q’ieu no volria’/‘I must sing of what I’d rather not’
Azalais de Porcairagues
127 ‘Ar em al freg temps vengut’/‘Now we are come to the cold time’
Na Castelloza
130 ‘Mout avetz faich lonc estatge’/‘It has been far too long’
Bietris de Roman
133 ‘Na Maria, pretz e fina valors’/‘Lady Maria, the virtue and pure worth’
Maria de Ventadorn and Gui d’Ussel
135 ‘Gui d’Ussel be.m pesai de vos’/‘Gui d’Ussel, I’m troubled about you’
La Comtessa de Proensa (Garsenda de Forcalquier) and Gui de
Cavaillon
138 ‘Vos qe.m semblatz dels corals amadors’/‘You who seem to me a true-
hearted lover’
5. Narrative and Didactic Verse
Anonymous
141 Canso d’Antioca
Anonymous
144 Daurèl et Betó/Daurel and Beton
Anonymous
150 Roman de Jaufre/Jaufre
Raimon Vidal de Besalú
155 Castia-gilos/The Chastising of the Jealous Man
Guilhem de Tudela
161 Canso de la Crosada/Song of the Cathar Wars
Anonymous
164 Canso de la Crosada/Song of the Cathar Wars
Anonymous
171 Flamenca/Romance of Flamenca
Anonymous
177 Ronsasvals
Garin lo Brun
181 Ensenhament de la donsela/Instruction to the Young Lady
Daude de Pradas
185 Dels auzels cassadors/On Hunting Birds
Matfre Ermengaud
189 Breviari d’amor
4. 6. Medieval Occitan Prose Texts
Old Occitan Charters
196 Jurament/Oath of Fidelity
Raimon Vidal de Besalú
198 Razos de trobar
Anonymous
202 Preguièra Catara/Cathar Prayer
203 Ritual Catar/Cathar Ritual
205 La Costuma d’Agen/The Customary Laws of Agen
Uc Faidit
209 Donatz Proensals
Anonymous
212 Gesta Karoli Magni ad Carcassonam et Narbonam/Deeds of Charlemagne
at Carcassonne and Narbonne
Vidas and Razos
216 Jaufré Rudel
216 Guilhem de Cabestaing
217 Bertran de Born
Philippa de Porcellet (attributed)
219 La Vida de Santa Doucelina/The Life of Saint Douceline
7. Later Middle Ages
Dante Alighieri
224 De vulgari eloquentia
224 La Commedia, ‘Purgatorio’/The Divine Comedy, ‘Purgatory’
Raimon de Cornet
226 ‘Quar mot ome fan vers’/‘Since so many compose vers’
Guilhem Molinier
230 Leys d’Amors/Laws of Poetry
Albucasis (Abu al-Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas Al-Zahrawi)
232 [A]yssi comensan las paraulas de Albucasim/Here begin the words of
Albucasis
Anonymous
236 Jeu de sainte Agnès/The Play of Saint Agnes
Anonymous
238 Barlaam et Josaphat/Barlaam and Josaphat
Anonymous
241 La Nòbla Leiçon/The Noble Lesson
Vincent Ferrer
245 Sermon en lenga vulgara prononciat a Tolosa/Sermon in the vulgar tongue
delivered in Toulouse
4 GRAINS OF GOLD
5. Anonymous
248 Thalamus parvus: le petit Thalamus de Montpellier/The Chronicles of
Montpellier
Anonymous
250 Receptas medicalas/Medical Remedies
Arnaut Esquerrièr
253 Cronicas romanas dels Comtes de Fois/Romance Chronicles of the
Counts of Foix
Raimon de Perelhos
255 Voyage au Purgatoire de St. Patrice/Voyage to St. Patrick’s Purgatory
François Rabelais
257 Pantagruel
8. The Baroque Renaissance in Gascony and Western
Languedoc
Anonymous
261 La Requeste faicte par les dames de la ville de Tolose/The Request made by
the Ladies of Toulouse
Pey de Garros
267 Psaumes/Psalms
Poesias gasconas/Gascon Poems
270 Eglòga III/Eclogue III
273 Epis. au Médix/Third epistle to A. B.
Guillaume de Salluste du Bartas
276 Las tres nimfas/The Three Nymphs
Augièr Galhard
Lou Banquet/The Banquet
279 Lou testament d’un porc/The Last Testament of a Pig
Claude Odde de Triors
284 Les Joyeuses recherches de la langue tolosaine/Merry Investigation into
the Language of Toulouse
Pèire Godolin
286 A Tots, damb un trimfle d’avertissament/To All, With a Triumph of a
Foreword
287 Stanças a l’urosa memòria d’Enric le Grand, invincible Rei de França e de
Navarra/Stanzas to the Happy Memory of Henry the Great, Invincible
King of France and Navarre
293 Prològue/Prologue
296 Cant roial/Chant royal
Bertrand Larade
Meslanges de dibersas poesies/Various Poems
300 A Madamaisela A.D.M.B./To Mademoiselle A.D.M.B.
CONTENTS 5
6. 6 GRAINS OF GOLD
Guilhèm Ader
301 Lo Gentilòme gascon/The Gascon Gentleman
Jean-Guiraud Dastros
Lou Trimfe de la lenguo gascouo/The Triumph of the Gascon Tongue
305 L’Autouno gascouo/The Gascon Autumn
Gérard Bédout
Lou Partèrre gascon/The Gascon Parterre
310 L’Adiu deu Bountemps e l’Amourous mau pagat/Bon Temps’s Farewell
and the Lowly-Paid Lover
312 Lo monde renversat/The World Turned Upside Down
François de Cortète
314 Ramounet
9. The Baroque Renaissance in Provence and Eastern
Languedoc
Jean de Nostredame
320 Vies des plus celebres et anciens poetes provensaux
321 So que s’es pogut reculhir dels comtes de Prouvensa et de Forcalquier/
That which could be gleaned of the Counts of Provence and Forcalquier
Bellaud de la Bellaudière
Òbras et rimas/Works and Rhymes
324 Sonnet 37
325 Lo Dòn-dòn infernau/The Infernal Tolling
Los Passatems/Pastimes
328 Sonnet 137
Pierre Paul
L’Autounado/Autumn Harvest
329 Per la bello Claro [de Chabaud]/For Lovely Claire [de Chabaud]
330 Ley gracis que dison lous fermiere de la ville de Marceillo.../Thanks
Expressed by the Salt Tax Farmers of Marseille...
Robert Ruffi
From Bellaud’s Òbras
334 Chanson au retour de la contagion/Chanson on the Return of the
Contagion
337 Ode à Pierre Paul/Ode to Pierre Paul
Michel Tronc
341 Militaires chez l’habitant/The Lodging Soldiers
Claude Brueys
Jardin deys musos provensalos/Garden of Provençal Muses
344 Ordonanços de Caramantran a quatre personnagis/Rulings of Carnival
– For Four Characters
7. CONTENTS 7
Isaac Despuech, dit ‘Le Sage’
348 L’embarcament, las conquèstas e l’urós retorn de Caramantrant/The
Departure, Conquests and Heroic Return of Carnival
François Bonnet
353 Histoire de la rejouissance des chambrières de Beziers/Tale of the
Merrymaking of the Chambermaids of Béziers
Madame de Scudéry
356 Letter to Mlle Paulet, 13 December, 1644
Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux
Les Historiettes
357 Mademoiselle Diodée
10. Centralised Monarchy to the French Revolution
Jean Racine
361 Letter to Jean de la Fontaine
John Locke
362 Correspondence
Nicolas Saboly
362 ‘Venès lèu vèire la piéucello’/‘Come now, come, to see the Maiden’
Joseph Pasturel
365 L’Home conten/The Happy Man
Joan de Cabanas
367 Lou Braiÿé/The Truss
Cyprien Despourrins
372 ‘De cap à tu soy Mariou’/‘I’m thine for ever, Marion!’
Jean-Joseph Cassanéa de Mondonville
375 Daphnis et Alcimadure/Daphnis and Alcimadure
Anonymous
Two Gascon Folk Songs
381 Lou moussu e la paisante/The Squire and the Peasant Girl
383 Petito Margarido/Little Margaret
Augustin Boissier de Sauvages
384 Dictionnaire languedocien-français
Jean-Baptiste Fabre
386 L’Istòria de Joan l’an pres/Jean-l’ont-pris
Tobias Smollett
391 Travels through France and Italy
Charles Burney
394 A General History of Music
Jean-Baptiste Germain
396 Apoulougio de la Bourrido dei Dioux en formo de playdeja/An Apology
for the ‘Bourride of the Gods’ in the Form of an Appeal
8. Jean-Claude Peyrot
Las Quatre sasous/The Four Seasons
398 Lou printems/Spring
Antoine Hyacinthe Sermet
401 Discours prounounçat davant la Légioun dé Saint-Ginest/Discourse
Delivered Before the Multitude of Saint-Ginest
Pierre Bernadau
403 Lous Dreyts de l’Ome/The Rights of Man
Abbé Henri Grégoire
405 Report on the Necessity and Means for Annihilating Patois and
Universalising the Use of French
11. Troubadours and Occitanie
Jean-Pierre Claris de Florian
407 Estelle/Stella: A Pastoral Romance
Antoine Fabre d’Olivet
Le Troubadour, poésies occitaniques du XIIIe siècle
409 Introduction
410 Lou Poudestad de Diû, sirventes rimat/The Power of God, Sirventes
419 La Langue d’Oc rétablie
Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de Sismondi
423 De la littérature du Midi de l’Europe (translated Thomas Roscoe)
François Juste Marie Raynouard
425 Choix des poésies originales des troubadours
Henri de Pascal de Rochegude
426 Le Parnasse occitanien
Felicia Hemans
428 Troubadour Song
Alfred Moquin-Tandon
429 Carya Magalonensis
Jean-Bernard Mary-Lafon
432 Histoire politique, religieuse et littéraire du Midi de la France
Gustave de La Fare-Alais
Las Castagnados/The Chestnut Evenings
435 La Fèsto das morts/Day of the Dead
12. New Troubaires and Marginal Voices
Aubin-Louis Millin
440 Voyage dans les départemens du Midi de la France
Antoine ‘Meste’ Verdié
442 Catastrophe affruse arribade a Meste Bernat ou la separatioun dam
Mariote/The Awful Catastrophe Befalling Master Bernart, or His
Separation from Mariote
8 GRAINS OF GOLD
9. Joseph Marius Diouloufet
446 Leis Magnans/The Silkworms
Joseph-Rosalinde Rancher
451 La Nemaïda/The Nemaïd
Jacques Boé (Jasmin)
454 L’Abuglo de Castèl-Cuillé/The Blind Girl of Castèl-Cuillé
Bentley’s Miscellany
457 M. Jasmin
Xavièr Navarròt
459 Dialogue entre Mossur Matèu, l’Elector i Jan de Minja-quan-n’as, lo
bohèmi/Dialogue between Monsieur Mathieu, Elector and Jean Eat-
When-You-Have-Some, A Bohemian
Victor Gelu
Chansons provençales et françaises
464 Fénian e Grouman/Idler and Glutton
469 Avertissement
470 Nouvé Granè
Louisa Stuart Costello
472 Béarn and the Pyrenees
Flora Tristan
474 The Tour of France 1843-1844
13. Frédéric Mistral and the Avignon Félibrige
Frédéric Mistral
Mirèio/Mireille
478 Cant IV/Canto IV
481 Cant X/Canto X
Armana prouvençau
487 I troubaire catalan/To the Catalan Poets’
Calendau
490 Cant I/Canto I
492 Mistral’s Note to Above Text
Reneissènço Felibrenco/Felibrean Reniassance
494 Discours pèr l’uberturo di Jo Flouran de Mount-Pelié, Santo
Estello/Mistral’s speech for the opening of the Floral Games of
Montpellier, Saint Estelle
Lou Pouèmo dóu Rose/Poem of the Rhone
500 Cant VI/Canto VI (LI)
503 Cant X/Canto X (LXXXVI)
Joseph Roumanille
505 Li dansaire de Jounquiero/The Dancers of Jonquières
Théodore Aubanel
La Mióugrano entre-duberto/The Split Pomegranate
CONTENTS 9
10. 10 GRAINS OF GOLD
507 Libre d’amour, VI/Book of Love, VI
509 Lou 9 Termidor/Ninth Thermidor
512 Lou Pan dóu pecat/The Bread of Sin
Li Fiho d’Avignoun/The Girls of Avignon
517 La Venus d’Arle/Venus of Arles
519 Luno pleno/Full Moon
Eugène Garcin
522 Les français du nord et du midi
William Charles Bonaparte-Wyse
Li Parpaioun blu/The Blue Butterflies
524 La castelano/The Chatelaine
14. Montpellier and the Félibrige Rouge
Octavien Bringuier
528 A Perpau de Petrarca/On the Subject of Petrarch
Achille Mir
La Cansou de la lauseto/The Song of the Lark
531 A Clemenço Isauro/To Clemence Isaure
Napoléon Peyrat
533 L’Histoire des Albigeois
534 Les Pyrénées
535 A Dona Graciorella Milgrana/To Lady Graciorella Milgrana
Louis-Xavier de Ricard
538 Le Fédéralisme
Auguste Fourès
540 L’Albeto/Dawn Rising
541 A-n-uno espaso del secle tretcieme/To A Thirteenth-Century Sword
Lydie de Ricard
545 A la mar latina/To the Latin Sea
Félix Gras
546 Li Roges dau Miegjorn/The Reds of the Midi
15. Later Félibrige, Modernism and the Origins of
Occitanism
Charles Maurras, Frédéric Amouretti, Auguste Marin
554 La Déclaration des félibres fédéralistes/The Declaration of the Federalist
Félibres
Marius André
557 La Glòri d’Esclarmoundo/Esclarmonde’s Glory
559 Long de L’Adour/Along the Adour
Jules Boissière
Li Gabian/The Seagulls
560 Sus lou flume/The River
11. Valèri Bernard
La Pauriho/The Poor
562 L’Espouvantau/The Scarecrow
564 Long la mar latino/Along the Latin Sea
568 La Legenda d’Esclarmonda/The Legend of Esclarmonde
Ezra Pound
573 Psychology and Troubadours
Joseph d’Arbaud
Lou Lausié d’Arle/The Laurel of Arles
575 Lou Lausié/The Laurel
Li Rampau d’Aram/The Bronze Branches
576 La Vesioun de l’Uba/Vision of the North
579 La Bestiò dóu Vacarés/The Beast of the Vacarès
Ford Madox Ford
584 Provence
Joseph Roux
La Chansou Lemouzina/The Limousin Song
587 Sent-Angial/Saint-Angel
Antonin Perbòsc
Lo Gòt Occitan/The Occitan Goblet
591 La Mòrt de la Vinha/The Death of the Vine
Lo Libre dels Auzèls/The Book of Birds
595 Pastora/Shepherdess
Antonin Perbòsc and Prosper Estieu
598 Mont-Segur
Anonymous
601 La Marselhesa dels vinhairons/The Wine-Growers’ Marseillaise
Folco de Baroncelli-Javon
602 Auzor!/Arise!
’ Jean Jaurès
605 Peasant Culture
606 Popular Education and “Patois”
Michel Camélat
Belina/Beline
607 Cant II: Las apariadas/Canto II: The Betrothal
Paul-Louis Grenier
Imatges/Images
611 Lo Murmur/The Murmur
Jòrgi Reboul
612 Terraire nòu/New Land
Philippe Pétain
614 Declaration of Marshal Pétain on the 110th Anniversary of the Birth of
Frédéric Mistral
CONTENTS 11
12. Louis Alibert
615 Origin and Destiny of the Langue d’Oc
16. Twentieth-Century Occitan Literature
Joë Bousquet
Cahiers du Sud
621 The Genius of Òc and The Mediterranean Man
Simone Weil (Emile Novis)
622 The Agony of a Civilisation as seen through an Epic Poem
Louisa Paulin
Sorgas/Sources
623 ‘Bona pluèja’/‘Gentle Autumn Rain’
Renat Nelli
624 Cançon de la Solitud/Song of Solitude
626 L’Eretge/The Heretic
627 L’Érotique des troubadours
Sully-André Peyre
629 Gloria rosae
Carles Camprós
Poëmas de la Resisténcia/Poems of the Resistance
633 Lo Planh de l’Uganaud Vielh/The Old Huguenot’s Lament
Max Roqueta
Cahiers du Sud
635 Poèma/Poem
La Pietat dau matin/Morning Piety
637 ‘Los aucèls de l’auba/‘The Dawn Birds’
Lo Maucòr de l’unicòrn/The Torment of the Unicorn
638 L’ariana/Ariadne
Vert Paradís/Green Paradise
639 Secret de l’èrba/The Secret of the Grass
Robert Lafont
644 Vida de Joan Larsinhac/Life of Joan Larsinhac
Dire/Speaking
648 Cantata de la miseria dins Arle/Cantata of the Misery in Arles
650 Lettre ouverte aux Français, d’un Occitan/Open Letter to the French, from
an Occitan
651 La Gacha a la Cisterna/The Watcher at the Cistern
Joan Bodon
654 La Grava sul camin/The Gravel on the Track
658 La Talvera
Max Allier
660 ‘Ai viscut los jorns de vergonha’/‘I’ve lived through days of shame’
12 GRAINS OF GOLD
13. Marcela Delpastre
664 La mar/The Sea
665 La memòria/Memory
Denis Saurat
Encaminament catar/Cathar Path
668 Blaco/Blake
Enric Espieut (Henri Espieux)
672 Aliscamps
Bernat (Bernard) Manciet
675 Accidents/Accidents
676 The Nérac Declaration
677 Lo Gojat de Noveme/The November Lad
683 L’Enterrament a Sabres/Burial at Sabres
Robert Allan
685 Lo Poèma deis amics/Poem of The Lovers
Pèire Bec
691 Lo Hiu tibat/The Taut Wire
697 ‘Lo còr mes dur que las pèiras d’artiga’/‘With heart harder than stones of
the assart’
Leòn Cordas
699 La Batalha des teules/The Battle of the Tiles
Sèrgi Bec
703 Balada pèr Lili Fòng/Ballad for Lily Fong
Ives Roqueta
Oda a San Afrodisi/Ode to Saint Afrodisius
710 Florida
Lo castèl dels cans/The Castle of Dogs
714 Pensant a Pons, Josèp Sebastià/Thinking of Josèp Sebastià Pons
Miquèu (Michel) Miniussi
715 Per un art poëtic occitan/Towards an Occitan Poetic Art
17. Contemporary Writing
Aubin Bonnet
722 Linhenc/Lignin
Joan-Ives Casanova
727 Cap de Creus
Joan-Pau Creissac
728 Tròces/Fragments
Miquèl Decor
730 Sus un ortet de Calhòl/In a Garden in Calhòl
Maëlle Dupon
731 ‘Totes avián un gost de carn’/‘Everyone had a taste of flesh’
CONTENTS 13
14. Joan Claudi Forêt
733 Lo pòble correire de la lòna/The Runners of the Lagoon
Felip Gardy
734 Mitologicas/Mythologicals
Xavi Guitierrez Riu
735 Eth mercat de Vic/Market Day in Vic
Sèrgi Javaloyès
739 L’Òra de partir/Time of Departure
Jean Larzac
Ai tres òmes a taula, a miègjorn
742 La Torre de Babel/The Tower of Babel
Aurélia Lassaque
Solstice and Other Poems
743 Pantais/Fantasy
744 Lo sòmi d’Orfèu/The Dream of Orpheus
Bernat Lesfargas
Et ego
745 Aquí/Here
Joan Dau Melhau
746 Au rier-lutz dau silenci/In the Shadow of Silence
Rotland Pecot
748 Van Gogh a Sant-Pau de-Mausòla/Van Gogh at Saint-Paul-de-Mausole
Joan-Maria Petit
751 La Prima de Dieu/God’s Spring
752 De femna e d’òme/Of woman and man
Jaumes Privat
752 De lo luòc del nonluòc/The Place of No Place
Estève Salendres
754 ‘Lo ritme sorn de ton pas’/‘Your Soft, Muffled Sway’
Claudio Salvagno
755 Telefonades da Trípoli/Phone Calls from Tripoli
Jànluc Sauvaigo
757 La Nau dei Fòls/Ship of Fools
Alem Surre-Garcia
760 ‘Veniái tot escàs de logar una estança del meu còs’/‘I’d just then rented out
one floor of my block’
Joan-Pèire Tardiu
761 Piercings
Adelina Yzac
761 Aigas/Waters
764 Bibliography
14 GRAINS OF GOLD