The document summarizes some of the key social and cultural changes brought by the Spaniards to the Philippines, including the implementation of the reduccion policy where Filipinos were relocated into towns centered around churches, the subordination of Filipinos under Spanish authority, the introduction of Catholic rituals and religious orders like the Augustinians and Franciscans who spread across different regions, the establishment of schools controlled by the church, shifts in women's roles and the introduction of a class system categorizing people as Peninsulares, Insulares, Principalia, Mestizos, and Indios.

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SOCIAL and CULTURAL
Changes Brought by the
Spaniards in the
Philippines

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Religion Education Women Social Status
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oSpanish implemented
the reduccion
oChurch was the center
of the Pueblo which they
called as Cabecera
oBasic institutions
surrounded the plaza
such as the church, the
friars convent, municapal
hall and the bahay na

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oFollowing the
policy of reduccion.
oFilipino lost their
means of livelihood
oComplete
subordination to
Spanish authority

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Augustinian Franciscans Jesuits
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Dominicans Recollets
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Augustinian
They were
assigned in Ilocos,
Central Luzon,
Southern Luzon
and Manila

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Franciscans
They were
assigned in Bicol,
Catanduanes,
Masbate, Laguna,
and Tayabas.

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Jesuits
They were assigned
in Mindanao, Samar,
Leyte, Bohol, Cavite,
Antipolo, Cainta,
Taytay and
Marikina.

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Dominicans
They were
assigned in Bataan,
Pangasinan,
Cagayan, Batanes,
and Babuyan
Islands.

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Recollets
They were
assigned in
Zambales,
Mindoro, and
Palawan

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Rituals of the CHURCH

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Go to Church every Sunday

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Reading the BIBLE

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Respect Religious Images

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Using Rosary and received the Holy Sacraments

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BAPTISM

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Celebrating Festivals

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Education
Controlled by the church
One for boys and one for
girls
History, law, science,
mathematics,
Religion, home
economics, and music

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Colegio de San potenciana

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Colegio de Santa Isabel

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Colegio de Santa Rosa

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Colegio de San Ignacio

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Babaylan and Catalonan

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Spirituals leaders and enjoy the same rights
and previlage with men

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Centered as a mother and good wives

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Enter the Monastery

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Baro’t saya to cover their body

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Ideal place for them were the home, & church

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Courses suited for women only such as
teaching

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They had to be religious, caring and sacrificial

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20 Women of Malolos

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Night School in 1889

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Women of Katipunan

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Cigareras or Tabacco Makers

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Continue the fight of her husband against the Spaniards

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Ignacia del Esperitu Santo

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oPENINSULARES
oA pure blood
Spaniards who
migrated to
Philippines.
oConsists of the
governor-general and
his family.

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oINSULARES
oA pure blood
Spaniards who
were born in
the Philippines.

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oPRINCIPALIA
oThey were the
rich people during
the Spanish
government.
oConsists of former
datu, rajah and
their families.

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oMESTIZO
oA person of
mixed blood.
oChinese mestizo
oSpanish mestizo

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oINDIO
oThey were the
pure blooded
Filipino or natives
of the Philippines
prior to the Spanish
colonization.