Glaucoma is an eye disorder that damages the optic nerve and can cause vision loss and blindness if untreated. It is often associated with increased fluid pressure in the eye. While it usually has no symptoms, it is known as the "silent thief of sight" as vision is lost gradually over time. There are several types of glaucoma including open-angle glaucoma, which is the most common type, and angle-closure glaucoma, which develops quickly. Treatment involves medication, surgery, or both to lower pressure and prevent further vision loss, as vision lost to glaucoma cannot be regained. Regular eye exams are important for diagnosis and management of this leading cause of blindness.

4. ”Glaucoma” is an eye disorder in which
the optic nerve is damaged, permanently
damaging vision in the affected eye(s) and
progressing to complete blindness if
untreated. It is often, but not always,
associated with increased pressure of the
fluid in the eye (ocular hypertension)

6. Glaucoma has been
nicknamed the "silent thief of
sight" because the loss of
vision normally occurs
gradually over a long period
of time, and is often
recognized only when the
disease is quite advanced!!

7. There are several types of
glaucoma.
The two main types are:
I.open-angle glaucoma
&
II. angle-closure glaucoma.

8. Normal-Tension Glaucoma(NTG):
1)Also called “low-tension” or “normal-
pressure” glaucoma, in normal-tension
glaucoma (NTG) the optic nerve is
damaged even though the pressure in
the eye is not very high.
2)In general, a "normal" pressure range is
between 10-20 mm Hg.
3) The causes of NTG are still unknown.

9. Childhood Glaucoma:
1)This is a rare condition that may be
inherited, caused by incorrect
development of the eye’s drainage
system before birth.
2)Occurs in babies and young children. It
is usually diagnosed within the first year
of life.
3)Also referred to as “congenital
glaucoma”, “pediatric”, or “infantile
glaucoma”

10. OPEN ANGLE CLOSED ANGLE
GLAUCOMA GLAUCOMA
“Open-angle” means Angle-closure
that the angle glaucoma is a
where the iris result of the angle
meets the cornea is between the iris
as wide and open and cornea is
as it should be. closing. It is also
Open-angle
glaucoma is also
called “acute
called “primary glaucoma” or
glaucoma” or “narrow-angle
“chronic glaucoma” glaucoma”

11. OPEN ANGLE CLOSED ANGLE
GLAUCOMA GLAUCOMA

12. OPEN ANGLE CLOSED ANGLE
GLAUCOMA GLAUCOMA
 Is caused by the slow  Is caused by blocked
clogging of the drainage
drainage canals, resulting in a
canals, resulting in sudden rise in
intraocular pressure
increased eye
 Has a closed or
pressure
narrow angle between
 Has a wide and open the iris and cornea
angle between the  Develops very quickly
iris and cornea  Has symptoms and
 Develops slowly and is damage that are
a lifelong condition usually very
 Has symptoms and noticeable
damage that are not  Demands immediate
noticed. medical attention.

14. Everyone is at
risk for
glaucoma!!
However, certain
groups are at
higher risk than
others….

15. Glaucoma is much
more common among
older people. You are
People Over 60
six times more likely to
get glaucoma if you are
over 60 years old.
The most common type
of glaucoma, primary
open-angle
glaucoma, is
hereditary. If members
Family Members with
of your immediate
Glaucoma
family have
glaucoma, you are at a
much higher risk than
the rest of the
population.

16. Glaucoma is the
leading cause of
blindness among
African Americans. It
African Americans
is six to eight times
more common in
African Americans
than in Caucasians.
Recent studies
indicate that the risk
Hispanics (especially for Hispanic
higher age groups) populations is
greater

17. Central corneal
hypertension
thickness <0.5mm
High myopia
Trauma
(nearsightedness)

18. People at high risk for
glaucoma should get a
complete eye exam,
including eye dilation,
every one or two years

19. Examination of Name of the test
1.The inner eye pressure Tonometry
2.Optic nerve Ophthalmoscopy
(dilated eye examination)
3.The complete field of vision Perimetry
(visual field defect)
4.The angle in the eye where the iris meets the
cornea Gonioscopy
5.Thickness of the cornea Pachymetry

20. Diagnosing glaucoma is
not always easy, and
The most important
careful evaluation of the
concern is protecting
optic nerve continues to
your sight.
be essential to diagnosis
and treatment.
If your condition is
Doctors look at many
particularly difficult to
factors before making
diagnose or treat, you
decisions about your
may be referred to a
treatment.
glaucoma specialist.
A second opinion is
always wise if you or
your doctor become
concerned about your
diagnosis or your
progress.

21. With the facts about
glaucoma, you can take charge
of your health with a few
adjustments to your routine.
Caring for your eyes may
include medication, surgery, or
a combination of treatments

22. Carefully follow
your medication
Glaucoma regimen to
Medication preserve a healthy
eye pressure and
prevent vision loss.
Depending on the
severity of
glaucoma, laser
Glaucoma Surgery treatment or
conventional
surgery may be
necessary.

23. Beta
blockers
Carbonic
Prostaglandin anhydraze
Derivatives inhibitors
Sympathomimetics
Parasympathomimetics

24. Goniotomy
Trabeculotomy
Implants • for congenital
glaucoma's
Trabeculectomy
• for adult
glaucoma's

25. Glaucoma is a leading cause of
blindness?
Glaucoma can cause blindness if it is left
untreated.
And unfortunately approximately 10% of
people with glaucoma who receive proper
treatment still experience loss of vision.

26. Glaucoma is not curable, and vision lost cannot
be regained.
With medication and/or surgery, it is possible to
halt further loss of vision. Since glaucoma is a
chronic condition, it must be monitored for life.
Immediate Diagnosis is the first step to preserving
your vision.

27. Older people are at a higher risk
for glaucoma
but babies can be born with
glaucoma (congenital glaucoma).
Young adults can get
glaucoma, too.

28. With open-angle glaucoma, the most
common form, there are virtually no
symptoms.
Usually, no pain is associated with increased
eye pressure.
Vision loss begins with peripheral or side
vision. You may compensate for this
unconsciously by turning your head to the
side, and may not notice anything until
significant vision is lost.

29. It is
important
to have
your eyes
examined
regularly
………..

31. Initiative by:
Rotaract Club of The
Caduceus
Acknowledgement:
 Rtr. Resham Parikh (President)
 Rtr. Udit Dalmia (Vice-President and PD Director)
 Rtr. Sanket Shah (Secretary)
 Rtr. Pradnya Shinde (Project Designer)
For further info. please contact: Rtr. Pradnya 8898512030
Rtr. Udit 9821888645 RID 3140