This document provides a summary of George Orwell's 1946 essay "Politics and the English Language" and lists six essential rules for clear communication. The rules advise using short words over long, cutting unnecessary words, using active voice, and avoiding foreign phrases, scientific jargon, and metaphors that have lost their original meaning. An example is given of metaphors like "ring the changes" and "hotbed" that Orwell argued had become meaningless due to overuse.

1. TonyRidley-InternationalSecurity&RiskManagementProfessional
References:
Get To The Point...Faster!
Orwell, G. (1946) Politics and the English Language at
http://www.orwell.ru/library/essays/politics/english/e_polit (Accessed 1 Jul 19)
6 Essential Rules For Communications
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The NO nonsense guide by George Orwell (1946)
Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of
speech which you are used to seeing in print
Never use a long word where a short one will do.
If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out.
Never use the passive where you can use the active.
Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word, or a
jargon word if you can think of an everyday
English equivalent.
Break any of these rules sooner than say anything
outright barbarous.
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Examples that Orwell gave included "ring the changes", "Achilles' heel", "swan song", and
"hotbed". He described such phrases as "dying metaphors" and argued that they were used without
knowing what was truly being said. Furthermore, he said that using metaphors of this kind made
the original meaning of the phrases meaningless, because those who used them did not know their
original meaning. He wrote that "some metaphors now current have been twisted out of their
original meaning without those who use them even being aware of the fact"
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