A company called Simbol Materials has developed a process to extract lithium and other valuable elements from the brines produced at geothermal power plants. After the brines are used to generate electricity, Simbol would extract lithium, manganese, zinc, and potentially other elements using membranes, filters and other technologies. The extracted materials could then be used to produce lithium carbonate for electric vehicle batteries. Simbol plans to build facilities at geothermal plants near the Salton Sea in California, which could each produce 16,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate per year. The process offers economic and environmental advantages over traditional hard rock mining of lithium.
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The document summarizes a PwC study on opportunities for pharmaceutical companies in China's county-level hospital market. Some key points:
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- County hospitals have improved infrastructure and attract patients from rural areas, maintaining 20-30% annual growth even as China's overall market growth slows.
- However, few domestic or international drug companies have penetrated this market currently. Understanding local needs, regulations, and developing new business models will be critical for companies to succeed.
Este documento define un proyecto como una idea para resolver un problema, explica que la gerencia es dirigir y administrar una empresa, y que los proyectos facilitan el proceso de toma de decisiones para inversiones al verificar la viabilidad técnica, comercial, económica, legal y financiera de una iniciativa. Finalmente, enumera diferentes tipos de proyectos como simples, complejos, públicos, privados y mixtos.
The document provides a summary of events and activities from the U.S. Department of Justice for the month of June 2008. Key highlights include:
- Attorney General Mukasey visited Asia and met with officials in Indonesia, Thailand, and Japan to discuss bilateral law enforcement cooperation.
- Congress passed the Protect America Act to restore authority for intelligence collection and provide liability protection for telecom companies.
- The Department of Justice emphasized efforts to combat healthcare fraud through nationwide enforcement and prosecution of fraud schemes.
- Over 400 defendants were charged in connection with mortgage fraud schemes through Operation Malicious Mortgage, with estimated losses of $1 billion.
Why Tesla will forever change the economics of the battery industryJason Fernandes
Tesla shocked the world this June when they announced a patent giveaway that would enable other electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers’ access to Tesla’s innovations at no cost. The company’s CEO Elon Musk spilled the beans in a recent blog post announcing that Tesla “... will not initiate patent lawsuits against anyone who, in good faith, wants to use our technology.”
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How Georgia Can Help Lead the Global Energy Transformation by Bill Nussey, presented at the 10th anniversary of the Southeastern Solar Summit in October 2018
The document summarizes the target customer, trend analysis, line concept, and key elements for the LILY women's fashion brand for the Fall/Winter 2013 season. The target customer is described as a 27-year-old professional woman who values elegance, femininity, and luxury. Trend analyses highlight colors like white, nude, and cobalt blue as well as prints, layered silhouettes, and androgynous styles influenced by new technologies. The line sheet then outlines the key item categories of tops, bottoms, dresses, and outerwear with details on styles, fabrics, and pricing for the season.
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Класс365 — онлайн система для автоматизации управления бизнесом. Это больше, чем просто бесплатная СRM-система и программа для торгового и складского учета.
The document summarizes a PwC study on opportunities for pharmaceutical companies in China's county-level hospital market. Some key points:
- China's county-level hospital market (Tier 6-7 cities) is estimated at $200 billion currently and is poised to become the largest sector and main driver of growth in the coming decades.
- County hospitals have improved infrastructure and attract patients from rural areas, maintaining 20-30% annual growth even as China's overall market growth slows.
- However, few domestic or international drug companies have penetrated this market currently. Understanding local needs, regulations, and developing new business models will be critical for companies to succeed.
Este documento define un proyecto como una idea para resolver un problema, explica que la gerencia es dirigir y administrar una empresa, y que los proyectos facilitan el proceso de toma de decisiones para inversiones al verificar la viabilidad técnica, comercial, económica, legal y financiera de una iniciativa. Finalmente, enumera diferentes tipos de proyectos como simples, complejos, públicos, privados y mixtos.
The document provides a summary of events and activities from the U.S. Department of Justice for the month of June 2008. Key highlights include:
- Attorney General Mukasey visited Asia and met with officials in Indonesia, Thailand, and Japan to discuss bilateral law enforcement cooperation.
- Congress passed the Protect America Act to restore authority for intelligence collection and provide liability protection for telecom companies.
- The Department of Justice emphasized efforts to combat healthcare fraud through nationwide enforcement and prosecution of fraud schemes.
- Over 400 defendants were charged in connection with mortgage fraud schemes through Operation Malicious Mortgage, with estimated losses of $1 billion.
While the USA has abundant sources of lithium only one lithium mine exists in the USA producing about 2% of current production. Lithium mining investment issues will become increasingly important as the USA moves to both mine more lithium and manufacture lithium batteries domestically for domestic use.
https://youtu.be/LlAHJaVpEiU
1) While SQM plans to expand lithium production capacity to 216,000 tonnes by 2025, analysts say this will not affect supply for 4-5 years due to the time needed to complete expansions. When the expansions are finished, demand is still expected to outpace supply.
2) Forecasts show lithium demand exceeding 1 million tonnes per year by 2026, far more than SQM's potential 2025 capacity.
3) Meeting the goal of electrifying the world's vehicle fleet by 2050 would require average annual lithium production of 3.1 million tonnes for 20 years.
Simon Moores Testimony US Senate Energy Committee - Feb 2019Roger Atkins
In his testimony Moores explained to the committee how the global lithium ion megafactory trend will affect raw material demand and questioned the USA’s current role in the supply chains, offering a warning that it was being outflanked by China.
Tesla's mission is to increase sustainable energy and make electric vehicles more affordable. It launched its first electric sedan in 2012. Tesla hires over 2,500 employees annually in the US, offering health benefits. However, it does not publish detailed compensation information. As an emerging company, Tesla has faced some controversies, such as when an engineer filed a complaint about quality issues. Long-term, Tesla has advantages in electric vehicles but needs to increase production to reduce costs. If it can successfully launch its Model 3, Tesla could become highly profitable and monopolize the electric vehicle market.
Lithium Supply & Markets 2010 Chairman\'s Opening SpeechSimon Moores
1. The document summarizes the key developments in the lithium industry in 2009-2010, including increased interest and investment in lithium resources and production from automakers seeking to develop electric vehicles.
2. Major supply developments included projects moving to production by companies like Galaxy Resources, increased exploration of resources in countries like Bolivia, and emerging production centers in locations like Nevada, Canada, and Argentina.
3. The automotive industry shifted its thinking towards electric vehicles due to the economic recession and government stimulus programs, with many major automakers announcing major investments in electric vehicle technologies.
The lithium market is growing here is a very interesting commentary from cana...Christopher R Anderson
Galaxy Resources has secured off-take agreements for all of its planned lithium carbonate production with 13 Chinese lithium cathode producers and Japan's Mitsubishi. Construction is advancing on Galaxy's Mt. Catlin hard-rock lithium mine in Australia, which will supply concentrate to an upgrade plant in China starting in 2011. Additionally, China is establishing a new economic zone focused on lithium, batteries, and electric vehicles in Jiangxi province. Canaccord Adams analyst Eric Zaunscherb recommends exposure to lithium exploration and production companies like Canadian Lithium, Lithium One, and Western Lithium in case electric vehicle adoption exceeds expectations or major producers overstate their ability to increase production.
This document summarizes Cypress Development Corp, a lithium brine exploration company. It discusses Cypress' lithium brine projects in Clayton Valley and Alkali Valley, Nevada. Cypress has acquired claims near Albemarle's producing Silver Peak lithium mine in Clayton Valley. Surface sampling in Clayton Valley returned lithium values. Cypress plans further exploration including drilling in Clayton Valley. The document also provides background on lithium uses and demand drivers, and introduces Cypress' management.
This document discusses several topics related to energy production and its environmental impacts. It addresses the growing energy consumption of data centers and information technology. It also discusses China's dam building and water diversion projects in Tibet that are negatively impacting local communities and the environment. The document raises concerns about the environmental costs of lithium mining, which is increasing to meet demand for electric vehicles, and mentions specific lithium reserves in Bolivia and Tibet.
- Lithium demand is expected to grow almost threefold over the next 10 years, driven primarily by increased use in batteries for electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and other applications.
- Batteries are projected to be the fastest growing segment of lithium use, increasing from 27% currently to over 50% by 2020, driven especially by electric vehicles.
- Lithium-ion batteries outperform other alternatives on key metrics for electric vehicles like energy density, recharge time, and cold weather performance, gaining traction among automakers.
International Lithium at Wentworth Presentation.Kirill Klip
The document discusses the transition to electric vehicles and renewable energy powered by lithium batteries. It notes that lithium is the key material enabling energy storage needed for electric cars and distributed solar/wind power. Major companies like Tesla, Apple, GM and Panasonic are heavily investing in lithium battery production facilities to meet rising demand from electric vehicles and utility-scale energy storage. Lithium supply is limited and prices are increasing as demand outstrips production, positioning companies that can secure lithium resources for competitive advantage in the future energy industry.
Scientific Metals Corp. is focused on acquiring and developing cobalt and lithium deposits critical for batteries. Their key assets include cobalt projects in Idaho with historic resources grading over 0.6% cobalt, and lithium brine properties in Utah and Alberta with brine samples up to 1700 ppm lithium. The company aims to become a supplier of battery metals to meet the growing demand from electric vehicles and energy storage.
The document summarizes an investment conference presentation on future lithium supplies. The presenter, Gerry Clarke from the International Lithium Alliance, discusses that future lithium demand is expected to double over the next 6 years driven by growth in electric vehicles. However, current global lithium reserves of 7.2 million tonnes may only suffice for a few hundred million electric vehicles. The presenter outlines major current lithium suppliers and reviews prospective new lithium sources and projects under development across North and South America, Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe to help meet rising demand. Critical factors like resource diversity and geopolitics will also impact long-term lithium supply security.
The document discusses the electric vehicle market and related topics. It provides an overview of the size of the electric car market, raw materials used in batteries like lithium and vanadium, countries mining these materials, and companies manufacturing electric cars. It also addresses issues around developing infrastructure like charging stations and ensuring adequate battery and raw material supply as adoption of electric vehicles increases.
Tesla Motors, Panasonic J-V for Gigafactory - Simon Moores Research NoteSimon Moores
A Research note on the partnership between Tesla Motors and Panasonic to build the world's largest lithium-ion battery plant in the US. Looks at the position of each company and the raw materials required (graphite, lithium,cobalt).
This document discusses various topics related to renewable energy sources and reducing energy consumption, including:
1) Estimates of new jobs that could be created from renewable energy types like high mileage cars, which still need improvements but are becoming more popular.
2) Issues with non-renewable fuels under current technology and the need for more electricity in the future.
3) Simple conservation measures individuals can take now to reduce energy usage and air pollution.
This document discusses various topics related to renewable energy sources and reducing energy consumption, including:
1) Estimates of new jobs that could be created from renewable energy types like high mileage cars, which still need improvements but are becoming more popular.
2) Issues with non-renewable fuels under current technology and the need for more electricity in the future.
3) Simple conservation measures individuals can take now to reduce energy usage and air pollution.
More and more countries are pushing electrical vehicles via subsidies. Little is discussed when it comes mining of rare metals or battery range or access to plug-in station or the fact that many countries generation their power from coal, natural gas, etc.
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While the USA has abundant sources of lithium only one lithium mine exists in the USA producing about 2% of current production. Lithium mining investment issues will become increasingly important as the USA moves to both mine more lithium and manufacture lithium batteries domestically for domestic use.
https://youtu.be/LlAHJaVpEiU
1) While SQM plans to expand lithium production capacity to 216,000 tonnes by 2025, analysts say this will not affect supply for 4-5 years due to the time needed to complete expansions. When the expansions are finished, demand is still expected to outpace supply.
2) Forecasts show lithium demand exceeding 1 million tonnes per year by 2026, far more than SQM's potential 2025 capacity.
3) Meeting the goal of electrifying the world's vehicle fleet by 2050 would require average annual lithium production of 3.1 million tonnes for 20 years.
Simon Moores Testimony US Senate Energy Committee - Feb 2019Roger Atkins
In his testimony Moores explained to the committee how the global lithium ion megafactory trend will affect raw material demand and questioned the USA’s current role in the supply chains, offering a warning that it was being outflanked by China.
Tesla's mission is to increase sustainable energy and make electric vehicles more affordable. It launched its first electric sedan in 2012. Tesla hires over 2,500 employees annually in the US, offering health benefits. However, it does not publish detailed compensation information. As an emerging company, Tesla has faced some controversies, such as when an engineer filed a complaint about quality issues. Long-term, Tesla has advantages in electric vehicles but needs to increase production to reduce costs. If it can successfully launch its Model 3, Tesla could become highly profitable and monopolize the electric vehicle market.
Lithium Supply & Markets 2010 Chairman\'s Opening SpeechSimon Moores
1. The document summarizes the key developments in the lithium industry in 2009-2010, including increased interest and investment in lithium resources and production from automakers seeking to develop electric vehicles.
2. Major supply developments included projects moving to production by companies like Galaxy Resources, increased exploration of resources in countries like Bolivia, and emerging production centers in locations like Nevada, Canada, and Argentina.
3. The automotive industry shifted its thinking towards electric vehicles due to the economic recession and government stimulus programs, with many major automakers announcing major investments in electric vehicle technologies.
The lithium market is growing here is a very interesting commentary from cana...Christopher R Anderson
Galaxy Resources has secured off-take agreements for all of its planned lithium carbonate production with 13 Chinese lithium cathode producers and Japan's Mitsubishi. Construction is advancing on Galaxy's Mt. Catlin hard-rock lithium mine in Australia, which will supply concentrate to an upgrade plant in China starting in 2011. Additionally, China is establishing a new economic zone focused on lithium, batteries, and electric vehicles in Jiangxi province. Canaccord Adams analyst Eric Zaunscherb recommends exposure to lithium exploration and production companies like Canadian Lithium, Lithium One, and Western Lithium in case electric vehicle adoption exceeds expectations or major producers overstate their ability to increase production.
This document summarizes Cypress Development Corp, a lithium brine exploration company. It discusses Cypress' lithium brine projects in Clayton Valley and Alkali Valley, Nevada. Cypress has acquired claims near Albemarle's producing Silver Peak lithium mine in Clayton Valley. Surface sampling in Clayton Valley returned lithium values. Cypress plans further exploration including drilling in Clayton Valley. The document also provides background on lithium uses and demand drivers, and introduces Cypress' management.
This document discusses several topics related to energy production and its environmental impacts. It addresses the growing energy consumption of data centers and information technology. It also discusses China's dam building and water diversion projects in Tibet that are negatively impacting local communities and the environment. The document raises concerns about the environmental costs of lithium mining, which is increasing to meet demand for electric vehicles, and mentions specific lithium reserves in Bolivia and Tibet.
- Lithium demand is expected to grow almost threefold over the next 10 years, driven primarily by increased use in batteries for electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and other applications.
- Batteries are projected to be the fastest growing segment of lithium use, increasing from 27% currently to over 50% by 2020, driven especially by electric vehicles.
- Lithium-ion batteries outperform other alternatives on key metrics for electric vehicles like energy density, recharge time, and cold weather performance, gaining traction among automakers.
International Lithium at Wentworth Presentation.Kirill Klip
The document discusses the transition to electric vehicles and renewable energy powered by lithium batteries. It notes that lithium is the key material enabling energy storage needed for electric cars and distributed solar/wind power. Major companies like Tesla, Apple, GM and Panasonic are heavily investing in lithium battery production facilities to meet rising demand from electric vehicles and utility-scale energy storage. Lithium supply is limited and prices are increasing as demand outstrips production, positioning companies that can secure lithium resources for competitive advantage in the future energy industry.
Scientific Metals Corp. is focused on acquiring and developing cobalt and lithium deposits critical for batteries. Their key assets include cobalt projects in Idaho with historic resources grading over 0.6% cobalt, and lithium brine properties in Utah and Alberta with brine samples up to 1700 ppm lithium. The company aims to become a supplier of battery metals to meet the growing demand from electric vehicles and energy storage.
The document summarizes an investment conference presentation on future lithium supplies. The presenter, Gerry Clarke from the International Lithium Alliance, discusses that future lithium demand is expected to double over the next 6 years driven by growth in electric vehicles. However, current global lithium reserves of 7.2 million tonnes may only suffice for a few hundred million electric vehicles. The presenter outlines major current lithium suppliers and reviews prospective new lithium sources and projects under development across North and South America, Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe to help meet rising demand. Critical factors like resource diversity and geopolitics will also impact long-term lithium supply security.
The document discusses the electric vehicle market and related topics. It provides an overview of the size of the electric car market, raw materials used in batteries like lithium and vanadium, countries mining these materials, and companies manufacturing electric cars. It also addresses issues around developing infrastructure like charging stations and ensuring adequate battery and raw material supply as adoption of electric vehicles increases.
Tesla Motors, Panasonic J-V for Gigafactory - Simon Moores Research NoteSimon Moores
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This document discusses various topics related to renewable energy sources and reducing energy consumption, including:
1) Estimates of new jobs that could be created from renewable energy types like high mileage cars, which still need improvements but are becoming more popular.
2) Issues with non-renewable fuels under current technology and the need for more electricity in the future.
3) Simple conservation measures individuals can take now to reduce energy usage and air pollution.
This document discusses various topics related to renewable energy sources and reducing energy consumption, including:
1) Estimates of new jobs that could be created from renewable energy types like high mileage cars, which still need improvements but are becoming more popular.
2) Issues with non-renewable fuels under current technology and the need for more electricity in the future.
3) Simple conservation measures individuals can take now to reduce energy usage and air pollution.
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Similar to Geothermal Power Plants Could Help Produce Lithium for Electric Cars - Scientific American (20)
Electrical Vehicles| All you need to know| March 2019
Geothermal Power Plants Could Help Produce Lithium for Electric Cars - Scientific American
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Courtesy of Simbol Materials
Energy & Sustainability » News
Geothermal Power Plants Could Help
Produce Lithium for Electric Cars
A new process aims to extract lithium from the brines used to generate electricity in a
geothermal power plant
By David Biello | September 29, 2011
An industrial add-on to geothermal power
plants near the Salton Sea in California
could one day produce the lithium that is
required for electric car batteries. Already,
Simbol Materials, the company behind the
process, has begun purifying lithium from
conventional mining operations in
Argentina, Chile and elsewhere for the
global battery market at a demonstration
facility in Brawley, Calif.
"We developed the technology and the
process to take the brines coming out of
geothermal power plants' post–power
production and harvest lithium, manganese,
zinc and, maybe in the future, some other
materials, and we convert those into usable
compounds," says Simbol CEO Luka Erceg.
"We're essentially leveraging the best
renewable resource and co-producing
strategic materials."
After geothermal power plants pump up a hot brine—water and dissolved salts from
underground—and use its heat to make steam to spin a turbine and generate
electricity, Simbol would borrow the still warm fluid for roughly 90 minutes. A
pipeline would carry the brine through a series of processes that remove the silica in
the brine (it would otherwise foul the works) and then use a series of membranes,
filters and adsorption materials to extract valuable elements like lithium. The
extraction method was developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which
is primarily funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. Simbol then adds water to
make up for the lost material and sends it back to the geothermal power plant for
re-injection underground.
The company plans to expand its initial lithium purification facility in 2012 as well as
begin construction on the geothermal-tied version as an addition to such power plants
being built in the region by EnergySource. Already, there are 10 geothermal power
plants in the Imperial Valley. "You can produce 16,000 metric tons of lithium
carbonate for every 50-megawatt geothermal power plant," Erceg notes.
As a result of re-injection, the company will not be left with the residue from
traditional lithium mining. Plus, instead of relying on hard rock mining as is typical of
production today, Simbol lets the hot water of the subsurface Salton Sea do the work
of leaching the materials out of the rock as well as purifying them into salts—a process
that involves evaporating water from lithium ponds for other producers around the
world, including in the U.S.
Also, the company would not need to purchase soda ash to enable production of
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1 of 3 5/28/15, 9:56 AM
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lithium carbonate, as is typically done today. Instead, Simbol will take advantage of
waste carbon dioxide from the geothermal power plant itself to create the material.
Another economic advantage of Simbol's lithium process is its location: a mere 320
kilometers from southern California's three major ports and not thousands of meters
above sea level, as are the major mines in South America that provide most of the
world's lithium today. It remains to be seen, however, if Simbol's product can compete
with that generated by the big producers in Argentina, Australia, Chile and, in the
future, Bolivia.
The Salton Sea brine contains a host of other elements, and Simbol hopes to extend
the extraction process to manganese and zinc—also used in batteries and metal
alloys—as well as potassium, which is a vital nutrient and fertilizer, among other
applications. "This brine has got half the periodic table in it and that's a good
news–bad news situation," Erceg says, noting that cesium, rubidium and silver might
also be produced the same way. The company is also exploring options for using the
process's waste silica—more commonly known as sand—in the cement industry.
But the 500 metric tons per year of lithium from this initial purification facility will
not be going to U.S.-based battery-makers, at least not yet. Instead, the ITOCHU
Corp., a Japanese partner of Simbol, will sell the purified lithium to battery-makers on
the other side of the Pacific Ocean. "The initial output of this plant, we expect to go to
Asia," Erceg notes. "The reality is, today, for lithium ion batteries, manufacturing still
means Asia."
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Comments
Oldest - Newest
September 29, 2011, 3:15 PMJamesDavis
Why can't America build that purification plant at each geothermal plant and use the lithium and
other minerals to make batteries here and pay for it with the other minerals extracted from the
brine? It seems it would be a win win for both geothermal and lithium batteries in this country.
And that seems to be a very easy way to mine lithium. Why can't America think of these things
first?
Report as Abuse | Link to This
September 29, 2011, 3:16 PMJamesDavis
Why can't America build that purification plant at each geothermal plant and use the lithium and
other minerals to make batteries here and pay for it with the other minerals extracted from the
brine? It seems it would be a win win for both geothermal and lithium batteries in this country.
And that seems to be a very easy way to mine lithium. Why can't America think of these things
first?
Report as Abuse | Link to This
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