Genetic testing can provide significant insights into inherited disorders for individuals and their families, and counseling is essential before and after testing. Results can be negative, suggesting no gene mutation, or positive, indicating increased disease risk, with further testing often required. Pregnant women can also undergo tests to screen for disorders, and healthcare professionals consider personal and family medical histories when interpreting results.

1. Genetic Testing
Result Means

2. Before Genetic Testing
 The result of genetic testing can be life changing.
 It is important for patients and their families to ask questions
about the potential meaning of genetic test results.
 Genetic counseling should be provided before and after the
genetic testing.
 The outcome of a genetic testing will either be negative or
positive.

3. Genetic Testing
 This tests will help to determine whether you, your partner,
or your baby carry genes for certain inherited disorders.
 Genetic tests are done by analyzing small samples of blood
or body tissues.
 The type of genetic test needed to make a specific diagnosis
is based on the particular illness.

4. Genetic Testing During
Pregnancy
 Before birth, pregnant women may decide to undergo blood
test available to women to screen for some disorders.
 If further problem is detected amniocentesis or chorionic
villus sampling (CVS) may be recommended.
 This fluid can be tested to check for genetic problems and to
determine the sex of the child.
 CVS is usually performed between the 10th and 12th weeks
of pregnancy.

5. Negative Result Means
 If the test results have shown negative, then it means there
is no change in gene or chromosomes.
 This result can indicate that a person is not affected by a
particular disorder also not a carrier of a specific genetic
mutation.
 In order to confirm, further testing may be required to confirm
a negative result.

6. Positive Result Means
 If the test result has come positive means that there is a
change in a particular gene, chromosome, or protein of
interest.
 The test result indicates that a person is a carrier of a
particular genetic mutation identify an increased risk of
developing a disease.
 Further testing may required to finalize the type of genetic
disorder.

7. Conclusion
 Uninformative test results sometimes occur because
everyone has common, natural variations in their DNA, that
do not affect health.
 When interpreting test results, healthcare professionals
consider a person's medical history, family history, and the
type of genetic testing that was done.
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