2. S10LT - IIIc -36
Describe how the nervous
system coordinates and
regulates these feedback
mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
3. Learning Objectives
To understand the functions of Nervous system;
To list the structural & functional units of
Nervous system
To describe the divisions of Nervous system;
To distinguish sympathetic from parasympathetic
Nervous system
To relate the physiological functions of nervous
system to selected clinical disorders.
4. 1. Sensory Input:
2. Integration:
Functions of the Nervous System
Through its receptors, it keeps us
in touch with both the external and
internal environment
Action potential
(touch: stimulus)
Sensory Receptor Brain
Interpretation
Nerves in the
Spinal Cord
It is the major
controlling, regulatory,
and communicating
system of the body
5. 3. Homeostasis:
4. Mental Activity:
Together with the endocrine system, it
is responsible in regulating and
maintaining homeostasis
It is the center for all mental
activity including thought,
learning and memory
Functions of the Nervous System
6. 5. Control of Muscle and Glands:
Functions of the Nervous System
It participates in controlling skeletal, cardiac,
and smooth muscles, and many glands.
7.
8. • Structural classification of neurons is
based upon the number of processes that
extend out from the cell body.
• Three major groups arise from this
classification:unipolar ,bipolar, anaxonic
pseudopolar, and multipolar neurons.
• Multipolar neurons are defined as having
three or more processes that extend out
from the cell body. They comprise of more
than 99% of the neurons in humans, and are
the major neuron type found in the CNS and
the efferent division of the PNS.
https://content.byui.edu/file/a236934c-3c60-4fe9-90aa-
343b3e3a640/1/module6/readings/neuron_structure.html
Functional Classification of Neurons
• This is according to the direction in which the signal travels, in
relation to the CNS.
• The three different types of neurons: sensory neurons, motor
neurons, and interneurons.
• Sensory neurons, or afferent neurons transmit information from
sensory receptors in the skin, or the internal organs toward the CNS
for processing. Almost all sensory neurons are unipolar.
• Motor, or efferent neurons transmit information away from the CNS
toward some type of effector. Motor neurons are typically multipolar.
• Interneurons are located between motor and sensory pathways and
are highly involved in signal integration. The vast majority of
interneurons are confined within the CNS.
19. Functions of the Spinal Cord
- Provides the 2-way
conduction routes to
(afferent) and from
(efferent) the brain
- Serves as the reflex
centre for all spinal
reflexes
24. Consists of the sensory neurons and
motor neurons
It is responsible for monitoring conditions
in the internal environment and bringing
about appropriate changes in them
The contraction of both smooth muscle
and cardiac muscle
Autonomic Nervous System
25. Sensory (afferent) vs. Motor (efferent)
e.g., skin
e.g.,
muscle
(pseudo-) unipolar neurons conducting
impulses
from sensory organs to the CNS
multipolar neurons conducting impulses
from the CNS to effector organs (muscles & glands)
26. “Fight-or-flight” system
It prepares the body for
physical activity to either
stand and face the threat or
leave as quickly as possible
SYMPATHETIC DIVISIONS
27. Stimulates vegetative activities,
such as digestion, defecation, and
urination.
Slows the heart rate and respiration
Causes the pupil of the eye to
constrict and the lens to thicken
PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISIONS
28.
29. Content, images, text, etc. used
belong to the rightful owner. No
copyright infringement intended.
