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Frekvencijske karakteristike
FILIP CINDRIĆ
Frekvencija
• Frekvencija je fizikalna veličina kojom
se izražava broj titraja u
određenom vremenskom intervalu
• U Međunarodnom sustavu jedinica (SI),
rezultat se mjeri jedinicom herc (Hz)
Sinusoidni valovi
Amplitudna frekvencijska
karakteristika
• Amplitudno-fazna frekvencijska
karakteristika sustava predstavlja ovisnost
amplitude i faze izlazne harmonijske
funkcije o frekvenciji ulazne harmonijske
funkcije sustava.
• NPR - Amplitudna frekvencijska
karakteristika daje podatak o ovisnosti
amplitude napona na izlazu mikrofona o
frekvenciji zvučnog vala
• Za amplitudnu frekvencijsku karakteristiku
su karakteristične donja i gornja granična
frekvencija
• Unutar prijenosnog frekvencijskog
područja amplituda je u pravilu vrlo malo ili
nimalo ovisno o frekvenciji
Amplitudsko-fazna
frekvencijska karakteristika
Amplitudsko-fazna
frekvencijska karakteristika
(AFFK, Nikvistov dijagram) je
geometrijsko mjesto točaka
određeno amplitudom i fazom
kompleksne funkcije prijenosa.
Crta se za učestanosti na
intervalu od 0 do +
beskonačno.
Amplitudsko i fazno frekvencijska karakteristika
To su dijagrami koji prikazuju zavisnost amplitude i faze.
Bodeovi dijagrami
• Asimptotski prikaz
amplitudne i fazne
frekvencijske
karakteristike
• Svrha je grubo
skicirati tijek
frekvencijskih
karakteristika
Logaritamske karakteristike
Prilikom crtanja logaritamske amplitudske karakteristike na
ordinatnu os se nanosi :
Na apscisnu os nanosi se kružna frekvencija ω u
logaritamskoj skali, odnosno nanose se delovi koji
odgovaraju veličini logω, ali se označavaju vrjednosti
frekvencije ω [rad/s].
Na sličan način se crta i logaritamska fazna karakteristika, pri čemu se
na apcisnoj osi nanosi frekvencija u logaritamskoj skali, a na ordinati
pripadajući fazni ugao.
Dijagrami raznih karakteristika:

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Frekvencijske karakteristike_Filip Cindrić

  • 2. Frekvencija • Frekvencija je fizikalna veličina kojom se izražava broj titraja u određenom vremenskom intervalu • U Međunarodnom sustavu jedinica (SI), rezultat se mjeri jedinicom herc (Hz) Sinusoidni valovi
  • 3. Amplitudna frekvencijska karakteristika • Amplitudno-fazna frekvencijska karakteristika sustava predstavlja ovisnost amplitude i faze izlazne harmonijske funkcije o frekvenciji ulazne harmonijske funkcije sustava. • NPR - Amplitudna frekvencijska karakteristika daje podatak o ovisnosti amplitude napona na izlazu mikrofona o frekvenciji zvučnog vala • Za amplitudnu frekvencijsku karakteristiku su karakteristične donja i gornja granična frekvencija • Unutar prijenosnog frekvencijskog područja amplituda je u pravilu vrlo malo ili nimalo ovisno o frekvenciji
  • 4. Amplitudsko-fazna frekvencijska karakteristika Amplitudsko-fazna frekvencijska karakteristika (AFFK, Nikvistov dijagram) je geometrijsko mjesto točaka određeno amplitudom i fazom kompleksne funkcije prijenosa. Crta se za učestanosti na intervalu od 0 do + beskonačno.
  • 5. Amplitudsko i fazno frekvencijska karakteristika To su dijagrami koji prikazuju zavisnost amplitude i faze.
  • 6. Bodeovi dijagrami • Asimptotski prikaz amplitudne i fazne frekvencijske karakteristike • Svrha je grubo skicirati tijek frekvencijskih karakteristika
  • 7. Logaritamske karakteristike Prilikom crtanja logaritamske amplitudske karakteristike na ordinatnu os se nanosi : Na apscisnu os nanosi se kružna frekvencija ω u logaritamskoj skali, odnosno nanose se delovi koji odgovaraju veličini logω, ali se označavaju vrjednosti frekvencije ω [rad/s]. Na sličan način se crta i logaritamska fazna karakteristika, pri čemu se na apcisnoj osi nanosi frekvencija u logaritamskoj skali, a na ordinati pripadajući fazni ugao.