3. Ethics is grounded on character traits
and emphasizes moral character in
contrast to moral rules or
consequences of actions. It has roots
in ancient Chinese and Greek
philosophy and is recognized by Plato
and Aristotle.
4. It focuses on the type of
person you want to be,
grounded on good
character, motives, and core
values.
5. • Philosophical ethics provide
justifications that must be
applied to all people
regardless of their religious
viewpoints.
The Classical Philosophies
6. • Religious ethics provides
a set of consistent and
reasonable statements
regarding business.
Impacts of Different Beliefs
Systems on Business Ethics
7. Jewish
• Jewish business ethics is a form of
applied ethics that examines ethical
issues that arise in a business
environment.
• It is noted that in the Torah, there are over
100 Mitzvot concerning the kashrut (fitness)
of one's money, than concerning the kashrut
of food.
8. Jewish
Jews are obligated to pay their
workers on time, strive to pay
their workers a living wage,
and “treat their workers with
dignity and respect.”
9. Jewish
“In one's judgement in the next
world the first question asked is: "were
you honest in business?" Similarly,
the punishment to be received for
dishonest business practice is held to be
more severe than for other categories of
sin.
10. Jewish
It is important not to steal
company time. Employees
should avoid spending too
much time online or another
diversion when at their job
11. Christianity
follows the Golden Rule
command
“Therefore all things whatsoever ye would
that men should do to you, do ye even so to
them: for this is the law and the prophets.”
"Do unto others as you would have them do
unto you".
13. Christianity
Trust - The Lord desires for us to
trust him in everything. That
doesn’t mean we trust him only in
our personal lives. It includes our
professional lives as well.
14. Christianity
Justice - The Lord do not like
injustice. Therefore, we must
conduct business fairly
Generosity - The Lord is generous,
especially towards the
underprivileged.
15. ISLAM
emphasized that honesty and kind
dealings with customers are the
secrets of business success.
The Prophet gave many teachings on
business and economic issues, he
covered almost every aspect of business
and economics. .
16. ISLAM
Islam requires its adherents to be
honest in their dealings with
Muslims and non-Muslims alike.
Indeed, honesty is one of the most
important moral principles which
testifies to a Muslim’s devoutness.
17. Few major principles of fair business dealings
according to Islam
No fraud or deceit, the Prophet is
reported to have said. “When a sale is
held, say, There is no cheating”
Sellers must avoid making too many
oaths when selling merchandise.
Mutual consent is necessary
18. Buddhism
ancient philosophical system that
follows the teachings of the
Buddha,
“Work Hard, No Excuses.”
“Too cold, too hot, too late” can
always be the excuses to those
who do not want to work.
19. Buddhism
”They let their chance pass by”. This
short aphorism is a reminder of two
things:
1.) opportunity favors the hard
worker,
2.) those with a lackluster work ethic
are always going to find an excuse.
20. Buddhism
The Prophet forbade monopolies.
“Whoever monopolizes is a sinner”
Free enterprise, the price of the
commodities should not be fixed unless
there is a situation of crisis or extreme
necessity.
Hoarding merchandise to increase the
prices is forbidden.
21. Confucianism:
The Golden Rule “Do not impose on
others what you do not wish for
yourself.”
Confucian ethics are described as
humanistic.
This ethical philosophy can be practiced
by all the members of society.
23. Utang na Loob
This debt of gratitude is sometimes
abused by those who have done well
to other as they may ask favors or
things that may either be
unreasonable or beyond the means
of the one in debt
24. Filial Piety
This is also due to the influence of
Christianity that tells them to honor
both parents and elders
Filial Piety may be good or bad for
business depending on a lot of
considerations, but it definitely affects
the way business is conducted.
25. Padrino
The Padrino System in the Philippines has
been the source of many controversies and
corruption, both in government and in the
business sector.
Padrino System is definitely bad for
business especially when the
business person is confronted with
ethical issues.
26. Suki
The word “suki” is a Filipino term which
means “loyal customer”.
“Suki” may be good or bad for business
depending on a lot ofconsiderations, but
it definitely affects the way business is
conducted especially when the business
person is confronted with ethicalissues.
27. Bahala na
it is referred to as the Filipino version of
fatalism that is, leaving everything in the
hands of fate.
“bahala na” actually comes from the
word “Bathala na,” which means God.
“Bahala na” attitude requires courage
from theperson to face the challenges or
uncertainties as in business endeavors.
28. Mañana Habit
comes from the Spanish word
“Mañana” which literally means“tomorrow”
or “an unspecified future time.” .
Mañana habit refers toprocrastination or
putting of for tomorrow what can be
done today
29. Punctuality and Tardiness
Related to “mañana habit” is the Filipino’s
sense of time.”
Filipinos tend to be late in meetings,
events, etc
In business, “Mañana Habit” and
tardiness are definitely bad habits and
has no place in the workplace.
30. Pagtatakpan
“pagtatakpan” attitude refers to the covering-
up ofthe shortcomings or wrongdoings of
another person
“Pagtatakpan is an offshoot of
“Pakikisama,” which is not ethically
wrong in itself.
31. Gossiping
Many Filipinos are fond of talking about the
others’business. It
Gossiping is unethical in business and in
the workplace. It inflicts others and
destroys the reputation and relationships
of those who are involved-whether
professional or personal relationships
